The Effects of Neutron and Gamma Rays on CRV Deadtime in the Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab

The muon to electron conversion experiment, otherwise known as Mu2e, is an experiment being carried out at Fermilab whose purpose is to observe a direct neutrinoless conversion of a muon to an electron in the presence of a nuclear field. If this conversion is observed, scientists are informed of the existence of new particles or forces of nature beyond the Standard Model. Understanding the relationship between muons and electrons will help scientists learn more about the particles themselves as well as the forces that govern their interaction. Cosmic ray muons are a source of background in the Mu2e experiment, and the CRV, or the cosmic ray veto, is used to help detect these muons and reduce background rates. Since the probability to observe a neutrinoless muon conversion is so small, it is essential to detect and eliminate all sources of background so that the experiment does not obtain false positive results. Reducing the dead time of the CRV is critical to the accuracy of the results from the Mu2e experiment. The goal here is to be aware of the different sources of background, learn how neutron and gamma rays are produced, and explain the impact of the neutron and gamma radiation on the dead time of the CRV.B.S. (Bachelor of Science

A Ceph S3 Object Data Store for HEP

We present a novel data format design that obviates the need for data tiers by storing individual event data products in column objects. The objects are stored and retrieved through Ceph S3 technology, with a layout designed to minimize metadata volume and maximize data processing parallelism. Performance benchmarks of data storage and retrieval are presented.Comment: CHEP2023 proceedings, to be published in EPJ Web of Conference

A Ceph S3 Object Data Store for HEP

We present a novel data format design that obviates the need for data tiers by storing individual event data products in column objects. The objects are stored and retrieved through Ceph S3 technology, with a layout designed to minimize metadata volume and maximize data processing parallelism. Performance benchmarks of data storage and retrieval are presented

A Ceph S3 Object Data Store for HEP

In CMS, data access and management is organized around the data tier model: a static definition of what subset of event information is available in a particular dataset, realized as a collection of files. We present a novel data management model that obviates the need for data tiers by exploding files into individual event data product objects. The objects are stored and retrieved through Ceph S3 technology, with a layout designed to minimize data and metadata volume while maximizing data processing parallelism. We demonstrate that this object data format shows promise in reducing total storage requirements while allowing more flexible data access patterns. Performance benchmarks of a prototype data processing framework using this object data format and a test Ceph cluster are presented, showing good scaling behavior in a distributed processing task

Taking Risks and Survival Jobs: Foreign-Born Workers and Work-Related Injuries in Australia

Higher rates of work-related injuries (WRI) have been reported among foreign-born workers in many countries, but little is known about the situation in Australia, which initially had large waves of European followed by Asian migration and where the recruitment of skilled migrants has dominated recently. The aim of the study was to examine WRI among foreign-born workers in Australia. This was a two phase mixed methods study. The first stage used the 2005/6 and 2009/10 Australian national Multi-Purpose Household Survey (MPHS) information on WRI occurring in the previous year (N = 36,702). Logistic regression examined the relationship between WRI and country of birth, adjusting for period of arrival in Australia, age, sex, industry and working conditions. Next, 92 purposively sampled foreign-born workers participated in individual interviews (n = 17) or focus groups (n = 75). Workers were sampled via community organisations, trade unions or churches. A concurrent thematic analysis was conducted. Analysis of the MPHS showed that country of birth was generally not associated with a higher reporting of WRI and compared with Australian-born workers, those from Oceania reported less WRI. Key themes from the interviews suggest that understanding of Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) differed by community integration and cohesiveness. Precarious work, cultural factors and the demands of production may preclude workers from reporting incidents. Quantitative findings from the MPHS point to higher risks related to area of work rather than country of birth. However qualitative findings suggest there may be some under-reporting of WRI among migrants to Australia

HAWC and Fermi-LAT detection of extended emission from the unidentified source 2HWC J2006+341

The discovery of the TeV point source 2HWC J2006+341 was reported in the second HAWC gamma-ray catalog. We present a follow-up study of this source here. The TeV emission is best described by an extended source with a soft spectrum. At GeV energies, an extended source is significantly detected in Fermi-LAT data. The matching locations, sizes, and spectra suggest that both gamma-ray detections correspond to the same source. Different scenarios for the origin of the emission are considered and we rule out an association to the pulsar PSR J2004+3429 due to extreme energetics required, if located at a distance of 10.8 kpc.Universidad de Costa Rica/[112-B9-171]/UCR/Costa RicaUniversidad de Costa Rica/[112-B6-509]/UCR/Costa RicaUniversidad de Costa Rica/[829-B5-198]/UCR/Costa RicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Físic

The High-Altitude water cherenkov (HAWC) observatory in México: The primary detector

The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a second-generation continuously operated, wide field-of-view, TeV gamma-ray observatory. The HAWC observatory and its analysis techniques build on experience of the Milagro experiment in using ground-based water Cherenkov detectors for gamma-ray astronomy. HAWC is located on the Sierra Negra volcano in México at an elevation of 4100 meters above sea level. The completed HAWC observatory principal detector (HAWC) consists of 300 closely spaced water Cherenkov detectors, each equipped with four photomultiplier tubes to provide timing and charge information to reconstruct the extensive air shower energy and arrival direction. The HAWC observatory has been optimized to observe transient and steady emission from sources of gamma rays within an energy range from several hundred GeV to several hundred TeV. However, most of the air showers detected are initiated by cosmic rays, allowing studies of cosmic rays also to be performed. This paper describes the characteristics of the HAWC main array and its hardware.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Físic

Combined dark matter searches towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies with Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

Cosmological and astrophysical observations suggest that 85\% of the total matter of the Universe is made of Dark Matter (DM). However, its nature remains one of the most challenging and fundamental open questions of particle physics. Assuming particle DM, this exotic form of matter cannot consist of Standard Model (SM) particles. Many models have been developed to attempt unraveling the nature of DM such as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), the most favored particle candidates. WIMP annihilations and decay could produce SM particles which in turn hadronize and decay to give SM secondaries such as high energy $\gamma$ rays. In the framework of indirect DM search, observations of promising targets are used to search for signatures of DM annihilation. Among these, the dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are commonly favored owing to their expected high DM content and negligible astrophysical background. In this work, we present the very first combination of 20 dSph observations, performed by the Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS collaborations in order to maximize the sensitivity of DM searches and improve the current results. We use a joint maximum likelihood approach combining each experiment's individual analysis to derive more constraining upper limits on the WIMP DM self-annihilation cross-section as a function of DM particle mass. We present new DM constraints over the widest mass range ever reported, extending from 5 GeV to 100 TeV thanks to the combination of these five different $\gamma$-ray instruments