Ontogenia como método para avaliação de sistemas de classificação: o caso da música na CDD

Ontogeny is understood as the study of the life span of a specific subject and also as a "historical method" to research knowledge and its changes over time. Some studies use ontogeny to research classification systems: for example, how their classes and semantics change, among others. In this work, ontogenesis is applied to the music division in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Several kinds of structural changes were detected: change of synonym in the title and conceptual expansion through subject categories; conceptual expansion of the subject without alteration synonym in the title; adding a new standard subdivision and deleting a standard subdivision for structural changes; adding new words in the title, deleting words in the title and changing the synonym of the title for changes in word usage; and change in the synonym of the title and the set of conceptual description for textual change. This study emphasizes the importance of ontogeny as a method for understanding classification systems, as well as demonstrating, through the identified cases, the different views that ontogenesis provides.La ontogenia se entiende como el estudio de la vida de un sujeto determinado y también como un "método histórico" para investigar el conocimiento y sus cambios a lo largo del tempo. Se ha aplicado a los sistemas de clasificación observanbdo como cambian clases o su significado, entre otros. En este trabajo se aplica para investigar los cambios en la división de música de la Clasificación Decimal Dewey (CDD). Los cambios estructurales detectados fueron: cambiar por un sinónimo en el título y expansión conceptual a través de categorías de temas; expansión conceptual el tema sin cambiar el sinónimo en el título; añadidura de una nueva subdivisión estándar y excluyendo una subdivisión estándar; agregar y eliminar palabras en el título, y cambiar por un sinónimo el título por cambios en el uso de las palabras; y cambio en el sinónimo del título y el conjunto de descripción conceptual. Por lo tanto, este estudio enfatiza la importancia de la ontogenia como un método para comprender los sistemas de clasificación, así como para demostrar, a través de los casos identificados, los diferentes puntos de vista que la ontogénesis proporciona.A ontogenia é compreendida como o estudo do tempo de vida de um determinado assunto e também como um “método histórico” por investigar o conhecimento e suas mudanças com o passar do tempo. Alguns estudos utilizam a ontogenia para investigar em sistemas de classificação como um assunto é representado; se é deslocado entre classes diferentes, ou se sofre modificações semânticas e entre outras. Nesse presente trabalho, a ontogenia é utilizada como principal metodologia, pois é aplicada para investigar as mudanças apresentadas na divisão música na Classificação Decimal de Dewey (CDD), destacando-se a abordagem diferencial referente a ontogênese, pois é aplicada apenas nas subdivisões padrão de música para melhor compreensão conceitual da divisão. As mudanças estrutural, no uso da palavra e textual encontradas por meio da ontogenia apresentaram diferentes casos (características) em cada tipo de mudança, que foram: mudança de sinônimo no título e expansão conceitual através de categorias de assunto, expansão conceitual do assunto sem alteração de sinônimo no título, adição de uma nova subdivisão padrão e exclusão de uma subdivisão padrão para mudanças estruturais; adição de novas palavras no título, exclusão de palavras no título e alteração do sinônimo do título para mudanças no uso da palavra; e alteração no sinônimo do título e do conjunto de descrição conceitual para mudança textual. Esse estudo enfatiza a importância da ontogenia como método para a compreensão de sistemas de classificação, assim como demonstra, através dos casos identificados, os diferentes olhares que a ontogênese permite proporcionar

Sistemas e processos de organização do conhecimento: uma análise conceitual da literatura brasileira de ciencia da informação

In the terminology interface between Library and Information Science and Knowledge Organization, some terms have gained prominence without their scopes being however sufficiently clear. Considering this frame­work, we established as objectives to map and systematize the use of the terms knowledge organization systems (KOS) and knowledge organization processes (KOP) in Brazilian journals of Library and Information Science. To do so, we used the methodology of content analysis and used as corpus a set of papers published in Brazilian journals classified with “Qualis/Periódicos” “A1” or “A2” that discusses the terms KOS and KOP. The concepts under analysis were discussed based on the following categories defined a posteriori: comparison with other instruments, typologies, theoretical bases, and applications and uses. It was verified that there is still no consensus on the scope of the concept KOS; and that the expression KOP is not yet widely used in the Brazilian literature. The typologies are not yet formally stated. Thesaurus, classification systems, and ontologies are indicated as more common types of KOS, and as common types of KOP classification and indexing, all oriented towards information organization, representation, and retrieval. As a challenge for future works, we think it's possible to enrich the conceptual analysis by the application of onomasiology axis.En la terminología de la intersección entre las Ciencias de la Información y la Organización del Conocimiento, algunos términos han ganado im-portancia sin que sus ámbitos sean lo suficiente-mente claros. Teniendo en cuenta este marco, establecimos como objetivos analizar y sistemati-zar el uso de los términos “sistemas de organiza-ción del conocimiento” (KOS) y “procesos de orga-nización del conocimiento” (KOP) en las revistas brasileñas de Ciencias de la Información. Para ello, utilizamos la me-todología de análisis de contenido y utilizamos como corpus un conjunto de artículos publicados en revistas brasileñas clasificadas con “Qualis / Periódicos” “A1” o “A2” que discute los términos KOS y KOP. Los conceptos de análisis se discutieron a partir de las siguientes categorías definidas a posteriori: comparación con otros ins-trumentos, tipologías, bases teóricas y aplicacio-nes y usos. Se verificó que todavía no hay con-senso sobre el alcance del concepto KOS y que la expresión KOP aún no se utiliza ampliamente en la literatura brasileña. Las tipologías aún no están declaradas formalmente. El tesauro, los sistemas de clasificación y las ontologías se indican como los tipos más comunes de KOS; y como tipos comunes de KOP la clasificación y la indización, todos orientados a la organización, representación y recuperación de información. Como desafío para trabajos futuros, creemos que es posible enriquecer el análisis conceptual mediante la aplicación del eje onomasiológico.En la terminología de la interfaz entre las Ciencias de la Información y la Organización del Conocimiento, algunos términos han ganado importancia sin que sus ámbitos sean lo suficientemente claros. Teniendo en cuenta este marco, establecimos como objetivos analizar y sistematizar el uso de los términos “sistemas de organización del conocimiento” (KOS) y “procesos de organización del conocimiento” (KOP) en las revistas brasileñas de Ciencias de la Información. Para ello, utilizamos la metodología de análisis de contenido y utilizamos como corpus un conjunto de artículos publicados en revistas brasileñas clasificadas con "Qualis / Periódicos" "A1" ó "A2" que discute los términos KOS y KOP. Los conceptos de análisis fueron discutidos en base a las siguientes categorías definidas a posteriori: comparación con otros instrumentos, tipologías, bases teóricas y aplicaciones y usos. Se verificó que todavía no hay consenso sobre el alcance del concepto KOS y que la expresión KOP aún no se utiliza ampliamente en la literatura brasileña. Las tipologías aún no están declaradas formalmente. El tesauro, los sistemas de clasificación y las ontologías se indican como tipos más comunes de KOS y como tipos comunes de KOP la clasificación e la indización, todos orientados a la organización, representación y recuperación de información. Como desafío para trabajos futuros, creemos que es posible enriquecer el análisis conceptual mediante la aplicación del eje de onomasiología

Ontogenia da divisão 780 (música) na Classificação Decimal de Dewey: Uma análise preliminar da 20ª edição

The general objective of this study is to demonstrate the importance and the impact that the modifications made in the DDC’s 20th edition brought to the music class. For this purpose, the titles of the first level  subsections (.1-.9) of division 780 in DDC issues 18, 19 and 20 were analyzed. The methodology chosen for this study was a multi-faceted ontogeny analysis. As a result, it is possible to affirm that the editorial exchange carried out to broaden the cultural context in the DDC, were relevant for the conceptual revision and the breaking of biases previously verified in the music class. The analysis demonstrated how a classification scheme can not solve problems generated by a specific domain alone, necessitating the addition of other forms of organization (as discussed in division 780). The organization and treatment of documents in music is still under development in the area of Librarianship and Information Science, so this research can contribute to provide theoretical assumptions and other perspectives to future works.El objetivo general de este estudio es demostrar la importancia y el impacto que las modificaciones realizadas en la 20ª edición de la CDD trajeron a la clase de la música. Para ello, se analizaron los títulos de las subsecciones de primer nivel (.1 - .9) de la división 780 en las ediciones 18, 19 y 20 de la CDD. La metodología elegida para ese estudio fue la ontogenia por medio del análisis multi-facetado. Como resultado, se constata que el intercambio editorial realizado para ampliar el contexto cultural fue relevante para la revisión conceptual y la quiebra de los sesgos presentes en dicha clase en las ediciones anteriores. El análisis demostró cómo un esquema de clasificación no puede resolver solo problemas generados por un dominio específico, por lo que se necesita contar con otras formas de organización. El tratamiento de documentos en música todavía está en desarrollo en el área de Biblioteconomía y Ciencia de la Información, por lo que considera importante esa investigación, pues permite proporcionar presupuestos teóricos y otras perspectivas a futuros trabajos.A Ontogenia, aplicada à teoria da classificação, investiga o tempo de vida de um determinado assunto e observa as mudanças dentro de um esquema de classificação. Entre as atualizações do CDD, a 20ª edição foi a primeira a ser disponibilizada eletronicamente, além de ter revisado completamente a divisão musical (780). Com isso, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é demonstrar a importância e o impacto que as modificações realizadas na 20ª edição trouxeram para a aula de música. Para tanto, foram analisados ​​os títulos das subseções de primeiro nível (.1 - .9) da divisão 780 nas edições 18, 19 e 20 da CDD e uma demonstração preliminar da mudança estrutural nos esquemas de classificação realizados na 20ª edição. A metodologia escolhida para este estudo foi ontogenia através de análise multi-facetada. Como resultado, é possível afirmar que a troca editorial realizada para ampliar o contexto cultural no CDD, obteve total relevância para a revisão conceitual e a quebra de vieses verificados anteriormente em "música" nas edições anteriores. A análise demonstrou como um esquema de classificação não pode resolver problemas gerados por um do-main específico sozinho, necessitando da adição de outras formas de organização (como discutido na divisão 780). A organização e o tratamento de documentos em música ainda está em desenvolvimento na área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação, o que considera importante essa pesquisa, pois permite fornecer suposições teóricas e outras perspectivas para futuros trabalhos

Directrices para una ontología musical: los recursos de la terminología

Musical works can be represented using different formats and expressed by different genres. The expression of such formats and genres in text-based information systems requires a verbal language and, therefore, requires a terminological treatment for the retrieval of the information that is related. In the analysis of music at a level of organization and representation, and not of production, the theoretical discussions on recorded and published musical information focus on what is called Music Information Retrieval (MIR), a term that is related to the recovery of music. the information in the field of music in digital format. For the organization and recovery of musical information in this context, knowledge organization systems such as ontologies are also used, which serve to make explicit and formalize shared conceptualizations in specific contexts and also including a terminological interface. In this sense, the main objective of this work is to identify and describe the parameters necessary for the construction of terminological guidelines applied to the use of ontologies in the field of music, using Music Ontology (MO) as the object of study. The MO is an international project that conceptually describes music for the semantic web, using URIs as identifiers and descriptors, and which allows the reuse of existing data in a system avoiding the creation of redundant data. This descriptive and exploratory research works with the terminology standards ISO 704 (Terminology work - Principles and methods) and ISO 1087 (Terminology work - Vocabulary - Part 1: Theory and application) in three stages: 1: selection of terms and identification of relationships semantics, 2: modification of terms and definition of preferred terms and 3: construction of scope notes and presentation of the conceptual map (using the GoConqr program). The vocabulary of the MO presents 54 classes, 153 properties and 13 individuals, allowing each ontology to be described in three different formats: HTML, JSON-LD and RDF / Turtle

Directrices para una ontología musical: los recursos de la terminología

Musical works can be represented using different formats and expressed by different genres. The expression of such formats and genres in text-based information systems requires a verbal language and, therefore, requires a terminological treatment for the retrieval of the information that is related. In the analysis of music at a level of organization and representation, and not of production, the theoretical discussions on recorded and published musical information focus on what is called Music Information Retrieval (MIR), a term that is related to the recovery of music. the information in the field of music in digital format. For the organization and recovery of musical information in this context, knowledge organization systems such as ontologies are also used, which serve to make explicit and formalize shared conceptualizations in specific contexts and also including a terminological interface. In this sense, the main objective of this work is to identify and describe the parameters necessary for the construction of terminological guidelines applied to the use of ontologies in the field of music, using Music Ontology (MO) as the object of study. The MO is an international project that conceptually describes music for the semantic web, using URIs as identifiers and descriptors, and which allows the reuse of existing data in a system avoiding the creation of redundant data. This descriptive and exploratory research works with the terminology standards ISO 704 (Terminology work - Principles and methods) and ISO 1087 (Terminology work - Vocabulary - Part 1: Theory and application) in three stages: 1: selection of terms and identification of relationships semantics, 2: modification of terms and definition of preferred terms and 3: construction of scope notes and presentation of the conceptual map (using the GoConqr program). The vocabulary of the MO presents 54 classes, 153 properties and 13 individuals, allowing each ontology to be described in three different formats: HTML, JSON-LD and RDF / Turtle

OCORRÊNCIAS DO CONCEITO "WEB SEMÂNTICA" NO GT2 DO ENANCIB: UMA ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO

A Ciência da Informação, especificamente a área de Organização e Representação do Conhecimento, é responsável por organizar e estruturar as unidades do conhecimento por meio da elaboração de ferramentas que são aplicadas com a perspectiva de melhorar a representação dos conceitos e, desse modo, tornar mais precisa a recuperação da informação. Tendo isso e abordando as interfaces da web semântica, este trabalho objetiva investigar as publicações relacionadas à temática, visando identificar e refletir como está sendo tratada no Brasil. O corpus de análise constituiu-se de trabalhos científicos armazenados na BENANCIB que é a base de dados do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação (ENANCIB), especificamente no Grupo de Trabalho 2, Organização e Representação do Conhecimento. Recuperaram-se 129 artigos com os termos web semântica/semantic web e aplicadas três categorias de análise: conceitualização, aplicação e base teórica. Permite-se concluir que o aumento do consumo de informações via internet, é um aspecto propulsor para o progresso dos serviços ofertados pela web semântica, pois há a necessidade de uma melhor organização para posterior recuperação e descoberta do conhecimento, entende-se que para isso necessite maior atenção ao processo de indexação desses conteúdos informacionais, sobretudo à contribuição que a indexação automática ou semiautomática, baseada em processos linguísticos. Assim, é necessário que a Organização e Representação do Conhecimento se envolva mais com as definições conceituais destes termos, principalmente pelo fato do objeto de estudo desta área ser a informação e que também assuma a responsabilidade de aplicação dessas tecnologias

Os profissionais da informação: avaliação de currículo Lattes no domínio da organização do conhecimento na era do big data

The Big Data phenomenon evidences a context in constant cultural, social, political and economic changes and also in Information Science with a concern in the treatment of data, to guarantee the adequate and efficient recovery, in digital environments. In this way, new horizons for information professionals are opened up. The present research presents as problematic the formation and performance of the information professional for data processing in the Big Data Age, in which the SOCs have the tools to assist in the recovery of digital knowledge. Within this context, we mean the contributions of knowledge organization systems (KOS) supported by technologies and contributions from other fields, such as Computer Science and Linguistics. Therefore, studies and research are needed to better understand the dimensions of how the information professional is preparing and dealing with the systems of knowledge organization in relation to the big data era. In the present research, the training and performance of the information professionals working with knowledge organization systems together with the big data were analyzed. For this, a curricular analysis was carried out by the IC professionals who approach the proposed theme. In this way, it is a general objective to investigate the profile of the IC professional in the KOS theme along with Big Data, to contribute to the development of the area. Specific objectives are to identify: I) what are the university degrees of these professionals, II) if these professionals have a postgraduate degree and in which area, III) the area where the information professionals are performing their duties. In this way, the curricula were retrieved on the Lattes platform, which is a database of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq - Plataforma Lattes do Brasil, using the filter "Area of Information Science" and search terms used were "big data and knowledge organization systems" in all fields offered by the database. Once the quantitative survey was carried out, the university training of these professionals and their professional performance were analyzed, and the professional skills and competences of the information professional in the Big Data era were discussed. their contributions. We recovered 71 curricula that work with KOS and big data, in which all these professionals concluded their doctorate, 70 of these professionals act as university professor and only 1 is not professor and is inserted in the administrative branch. It was verified that Blioteconomia is the graduation that most form information professionals working in the area of knowledge organization systems and big data together. All the curricula analyzed have some type of training in higher education, the post graduate that stood out most was in the area of information technology

Os profissionais da informação: avaliação de currículo Lattes no domínio da organização do conhecimento na era do big data

The Big Data phenomenon evidences a context in constant cultural, social, political and economic changes and also in Information Science with a concern in the treatment of data, to guarantee the adequate and efficient recovery, in digital environments. In this way, new horizons for information professionals are opened up. The present research presents as problematic the formation and performance of the information professional for data processing in the Big Data Age, in which the SOCs have the tools to assist in the recovery of digital knowledge. Within this context, we mean the contributions of knowledge organization systems (KOS) supported by technologies and contributions from other fields, such as Computer Science and Linguistics. Therefore, studies and research are needed to better understand the dimensions of how the information professional is preparing and dealing with the systems of knowledge organization in relation to the big data era. In the present research, the training and performance of the information professionals working with knowledge organization systems together with the big data were analyzed. For this, a curricular analysis was carried out by the IC professionals who approach the proposed theme. In this way, it is a general objective to investigate the profile of the IC professional in the KOS theme along with Big Data, to contribute to the development of the area. Specific objectives are to identify: I) what are the university degrees of these professionals, II) if these professionals have a postgraduate degree and in which area, III) the area where the information professionals are performing their duties. In this way, the curricula were retrieved on the Lattes platform, which is a database of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq - Plataforma Lattes do Brasil, using the filter "Area of Information Science" and search terms used were "big data and knowledge organization systems" in all fields offered by the database. Once the quantitative survey was carried out, the university training of these professionals and their professional performance were analyzed, and the professional skills and competences of the information professional in the Big Data era were discussed. their contributions. We recovered 71 curricula that work with KOS and big data, in which all these professionals concluded their doctorate, 70 of these professionals act as university professor and only 1 is not professor and is inserted in the administrative branch. It was verified that Blioteconomia is the graduation that most form information professionals working in the area of knowledge organization systems and big data together. All the curricula analyzed have some type of training in higher education, the post graduate that stood out most was in the area of information technology

Biblioteca e recursos audiovisuais: o uso da classificação para a representação de diferentes domínios

During the classifying exercise it is necessary to analyze the domain to which the object belongs, for, considering the perspective that the classification is constructed, the specific identification of a subject allows triggering other important identifications for the communication of knowledge. Thus, this re-search is justified by demonstrating the importance of understanding the infor-mational need of a specific de-terminated domain and, thus, representing it. The domain listed for data analysis and demonstration of such representation is that of audiovisual resources. Considering the existence of libraries that incorporate audiovisual materials in their collection, the informational treatment carried out for their representation is questioned. From the analysis of 10 articles, from a selection of 30 with the theme of audiovisual re-courses directed to libraries, the diversity of materials used as an educational resource was perceived. However, even though the papers discuss how the types of audiovisual materials are set up in an institution, little is known about their organization and classification in the collection. It was concluded, therefore, that there are several classifications used by libraries for the organization of audiovisual materials, but in many cases there is no specific demonstration of their process; which emphasizes the im-portance of the study in this area

Biblioteca e recursos audiovisuais: o uso da classificação para a representação de diferentes domínios

During the classifying exercise it is necessary to analyze the domain to which the object belongs, for, considering the perspective that the classification is constructed, the specific identification of a subject allows triggering other important identifications for the communication of knowledge. Thus, this re-search is justified by demonstrating the importance of understanding the infor-mational need of a specific de-terminated domain and, thus, representing it. The domain listed for data analysis and demonstration of such representation is that of audiovisual resources. Considering the existence of libraries that incorporate audiovisual materials in their collection, the informational treatment carried out for their representation is questioned. From the analysis of 10 articles, from a selection of 30 with the theme of audiovisual re-courses directed to libraries, the diversity of materials used as an educational resource was perceived. However, even though the papers discuss how the types of audiovisual materials are set up in an institution, little is known about their organization and classification in the collection. It was concluded, therefore, that there are several classifications used by libraries for the organization of audiovisual materials, but in many cases there is no specific demonstration of their process; which emphasizes the im-portance of the study in this area