30 research outputs found
Polymeric Micro/Nanocarriers and Motors for Cargo Transport and Phototriggered Delivery
Smart polymer-based micro/nanoassemblies have emerged as a promising alternative for transporting and delivering a myriad of cargo. Cargo encapsulation into (or linked to) polymeric micro/nanocarrier (PC) strategies may help to conserve cargo activity and functionality when interacting with its surroundings in its journey to the target. PCs for cargo phototriggering allow for excellent spatiotemporal control via irradiation as an external stimulus, thus regulating the delivery kinetics of cargo and potentially increasing its therapeutic effect. Micromotors based on PCs offer an accelerated cargo–medium interaction for biomedical, environmental, and many other applications. This review collects the recent achievements in PC development based on nanomicelles, nanospheres, and nanopolymersomes, among others, with enhanced properties to increase cargo protection and cargo release efficiency triggered by ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, including light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for propulsion, cargo transport, biosensing, and photo-thermal therapy. We emphasize the challenges of positioning PCs as drug delivery systems, as well as the outstanding opportunities of light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for practical applications
Síntesis de N-succinil-quitosano y formación de nanomicelas para transporte de fármacos hidrófobos
En este artículo se presenta la síntesis y caracterizaciones del copolímero anfifílico, parcialmente hidrosoluble N-succinil-quitosano, el cual presenta una mayor solubilidad a un pH de 5, este se sintetiza a partir del polímero no soluble en agua quitosano de medio peso molecular. Esto con el fin de implementar este derivado del quitosano para la formación de nanomicelas transportadoras de fármacos hidrófobos, la cual se llevó a cabo a través del método de evaporación de solvente. Las caracterizaciones del polímero se realizaron empleando espectroscopia de infrarrojo y resonancia magnética nuclear, cuyo análisis de resultados indica que mediante el proceso de síntesis empleado se logró obtener el polímero N-succinil-quitosano soluble en agua a partir del quitosano de peso molecular medio. Las nanoparticulas poliméricas formadas a partir de éste, se caracterizaron a través de microscopía electrónica de transmisión obteniendo imágenes de nanomicelas de un tamaño medio de 70 nm
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation
Janus Micromotors for Photophoretic Motion and Photon Upconversion Applications Using a Single Near-Infrared Wavelength
External
stimuli can trigger changes in temperature, concentration,
and momentum between micromotors and the medium, causing their propulsion
and enabling them to perform different tasks with improved kinetic
efficiencies. Light-activated micromotors are attractive systems that
achieve improved motion and have the potential for high spatiotemporal
control. Photophoretic swarming motion represents an attractive means
to induce micromotor movement through the generation of temperature
gradients in the medium, enabling the micromotors to move from cold
to hot regions. The micromotors studied herein are assembled with
Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ and LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles.
The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were localized to one
hemisphere to produce a Janus architecture that facilitates improved
upconversion luminescence with the upconverting nanoparticles distributed
throughout. Under 976 nm excitation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
generate the temperature gradient, while the upconverting nanoparticles
produce visible light that is used for micromotor motion tracking
and triggering of reactive oxygen species generation. As such, the
motion and application of the micromotors are achieved using a single
excitation wavelength. To demonstrate the practicality of this system,
curcumin was adsorbed to the micromotor surface and degradation of
Rhodamine B was achieved with kinetic rates that were over twice as
fast as the static micromotors. The upconversion luminescence was
also used to track the motion of the micromotors from a single image
frame, providing a convenient means to understand the trajectory of
these systems. Together, this system provides a versatile approach
to achieving light-driven motion while taking advantage of the potential
applications of upconversion luminescence such as tracking and detection,
sensing, nanothermometry, particle velocimetry, photodynamic therapy,
and pollutant degradation