ATIVIDADE DO NEONICOTINOIDE TIAMETOXAM SOBRE Musca domestica (LINNAEUS, 1758) (DIPTERA, MUSCIDAE)

A partir de ensaios in vitro, em ambiente controlado e a campo, foi avaliada a atividade do inseticida tiametoxam em populações de Musca domestica provenientes da colônia do Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias do Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro e do aterro sanitário do Município de Seropédica, RJ. Para a técnica in vitro o ativo utilizado foi previamente diluído em acetona, obtendo-se as concentrações de 5; 7,5; 10; 12,5; 15; 17,5; 20; 22,5; 25; 27,5 e 30 mg/ml. Em seguida, discos de papel-filtro foram impregnados com 1 ml de cada uma dessas diluições e realizaram-se testes com estas em moscas adultas acondicionadas em placas de Petri, sendo que os discos do grupo-controle foram impregnados apenas com acetona. Para técnica em ambiente controlado e em nível de campo, empregaram-se iscas com o ativo e placebo para o grupo-controle. O valor calculado da dose letal 50 (DL50), utilizando-se a técnica in vitro, para tiametoxam em M. domestica foi de 0,2612 mg/cm². A eficácia das iscas com tiamethoxan no ensaio em ambiente controlado e em nível de campo foi de 94,06 % e 98,09 %, respectivamente. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Iscas, Musca domestica, neonicotinoides, tiametoxa

PERFIL HEMATOLÓGICO E BIOQUÍMICO DE CÃES INFECTADOS POR Dirofilaria immitis DA LOCALIDADE DA ILHA DE ALGODOAL, PARÁ

A dirofilariose é uma importante zoonose que tem no cão doméstico o seu principal hospedeiro. Apesar da maioria dos animais serem assintomáticos, possíveis alterações laboratoriais podem ser encontradas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o perfil hematológico e bioquímico de cães naturalmente infectados por Dirofilaria immitis da localidade da Ilha de Algodoal, Pará. O diagnóstico baseou-se na identificação das microfilárias pela técnica de Knott modificada. Dentre os 82 animais avaliados, 53 (64,63%) foram encontrados positivos e 29 (36,34%) negativos. No exame físico, todos os animais apresentaram assintomáticos. Os principais achados na hematologia foram anemia normocítica normocrômica, trombocitopenia, linfocitose e basofilia. Na bioquímica sérica apenas os valores de ureia estavam acima dos níveis de normalidade. Não foi possível identificar achados característicos da infecção nos exames dos cães. Entretanto, avaliações laboratoriais devem ser levadas em consideração para o diagnóstico e tratamento

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Avaliação de diferentes dietas merídicas sobre a emergência de adultos de Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera : Pulicidae) Evaluation of different meridic diets upon adult emergence of Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência de dietas merídicas compostas por sangue de diferentes espécies animais sobre a emergência de adultos da pulga Ctenocephalides felis felis. Foram utilizadas seis dietas artificiais contendo areia e sangue desidratado de cão, boi, coelho e galinha, acrescidas ou não com farelo de trigo. Foram realizadas seis repetições contendo dez ovos de C. f. felis para cada dieta. Após 25 dias de incubação, os ovos foram quantificados e avaliados quanto à emergência de adultos. O número de pulgas emergidas para dietas com sangue de boi, cão, coelho e galinha, com areia e farelo de trigo, foi de aproximadamente oito pulgas. Para as dietas contendo apenas sangue de boi ou de cão e areia, essa emergência foi de aproximadamente uma pulga para ambas. Conclui-se que a origem do sangue empregado na elaboração da dieta não interfere significativamente no percentual de emergência de adultos de C. f. felis. Portanto, pode-se optar pela espécie animal disponível para o preparo da dieta artificial, aliada à suplementação com farelo de trigo, para suprir uma eventual perda nutricional decorrente da desidratação do sangue.The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of meridic diets composed by blood from different animal species upon the adult emergence of Ctenocephalides felis felis fleas. Six artificial diets containing dried blood of cattle (standard), dogs, rabbit and chicken, combined with sand or sand/wheat bran were prepared. For each diet six samples containing ten C. f. felis eggs were evaluated. After 25 days of incubation, samples were assessed for adult emergence. The number of emerge fleas for diets composed by bovine, canine, rabbit and chicken combined with sand/wheat bran was aproximally eight fleas. Diets composed by bovine and canine combined with sand, this emergence was aproximally one flea, for both. It can be concluded that the blood origin do not alter significantly C. f. felis adult emergence rate. Therefore, blood from any available animal species can be used for artificial diet formulation, combined with wheat bran in order to supply any nutritional losses occurred during blood dehydration

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS (R) v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 +/- 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 +/- 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 +/- 4.9 and 7.8 +/- 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 +/- 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI