AVALIAÇÃO DE FRATURAS RADICULARES POR MEIO DE TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTADORIZADA DE FEIXE CÔNICO

The objective of this article is to critically review the current literature on the evaluation of root fractures using cone beam computed tomography. Electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, were consulted to obtain published articles. In short, the assessment of root fractures using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) represents an essential tool in contemporary dental practice. The diagnostic accuracy, detailed treatment planning and post-treatment follow-up provided by TCFC are fundamental to ensuring strategic and urgent results for patients. However, it is crucial to consider the limitations and challenges associated with the use of this technology, as well as to continue investing in research and development to further improve the diagnostic and therapeutic capacity in the evaluation of root fractures, always providing the best possible care to patients.O objetivo deste artigo é revisar criticamente a literatura atual sobre a avaliação de fraturas radiculares por meio da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Realizou-se uma extensa revisão da literatura para identificar estudos relevantes acerca da avaliação de fraturas radiculares por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Bases de dados eletrônicas, como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, foram consultadas para obter artigos publicados. Em suma, a avaliação de fraturas radiculares por meio da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) representa uma ferramenta essencial na prática odontológica contemporânea. A precisão diagnóstica, o planejamento de tratamento detalhado e o acompanhamento pós-tratamento fornecido pela TCFC são fundamentais para garantir resultados eficazes e satisfatórios para os pacientes. No entanto, é crucial reconhecer as limitações e desafios associados à utilização dessa tecnologia, bem como continuar investindo em pesquisa e desenvolvimento para aprimorar ainda mais a capacidade diagnóstica e terapêutica na avaliação de fraturas radiculares, visando sempre proporcionar o melhor cuidado possível aos pacientes

Exposure computational models with voxel phantoms coupled to EGSnrc Monte Carlo code

In computational dosimetry of ionizing radiation, the energy deposited in radiosensitive organs and tissues is evaluated when an anthropomorphic simulator (phantom) is irradiated using Exposure Computational Models (ECMs). An ECM is a virtual scene with a phantom positioned mathematically relative to a radioactive source. The initial state includes information like the type of primary particle, its energy, starting point coordinates, and direction. Subsequently, robust Monte Carlo (MC) codes are used to simulate the particle's mean free path, interaction with the medium's atoms, and energy deposition. These are common steps for simulations involving photons and/or primary electrons. The GDN (Research Group on Numerical Dosimetry and the Research Group on Computational Dosimetry and Embedded Systems) has published ECMs with voxel phantoms irradiated by photons using the MC code EGSnrc. This work has led to specific computational tools development for various numerical dosimetry stages, including input file preparation, ECM execution, and result analysis. Since 2004, the GDN developed in-house applications like FANTOMAS, CALDose_X, DIP, and MonteCarlo. Certain previously used phantoms are reintroduced to provide historical context in the ECMs' production timeline, emphasizing additive modifications inherent in systematic theme studies. The dosimetric evaluations used the binary version of the MASH (Male Adult mesh) phantom, converted to the SID (Dosimetric Information System) text file type. This format has been used by the group since 2021 to couple a voxel phantom to the EGSnrc user code. The ECM included an environmental dosimetry problem simulation. Most of these tools are accessible on the GDN page (http://dosimetrianumerica.org)

Application of the participatory design in the testing of a baropodometric insole prototype for weight-bearing asymmetry after a stroke: A qualitative study

Introduction Currently studies indicate the need to incorporate the user`s perspective in the testing of new assistive technologies. The objective of this paper is to test a baropodometric insole prototype for monitoring and treatment weight-bearing asymmetry, according to the Participatory Design. Methods We used a qualitative case study approach during the testing phase of the baropodometric insole prototype. The focus group approach addressed topics related to the experience and accessibility of the potential user in conjunction with professionals, researchers, and physiotherapy students. Facilitators, barriers, and requirements for the device were collected through audio recordings of the discussions during and after prototype testing. Results Key steps in the prototype testing process were divided into (1) Test of the prototype according to the Participatory Design, divided into Who, When, How, and Why the potential user was involved in the study; and (2) Facilitators, barriers and requirements to improve the prototype. Conclusions The baropodometric insole prototype can be seen as a promising device for monitoring and treating weight-bearing asymmetry

Abnormal resistive switching in electrodeposited Prussian White thin films

Prussian White (PW) layers were deposited on Au/Cr/Si substrates by electrodeposition and characterized by different techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and Raman mapping reveal a uniform and homogeneous deposit while scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images disclose the grain boundary pattern and the thickness of 300 nm of the PW layer. Resistive switching (RS) effect with an ON/OFF ratio of about 102 was observed. The RS mechanism was investigated from the log-log current voltage plots. Ionic conduction was observed with an activation energy of 0.4 eV that could be associated with potassium ions as possible charge carriers at the grain boundaries. The endurance characteristics were investigated and a stable abnormal RS was observed for consecutive 500 cycles. Moreover, the retention was also evaluated and the high resistive state (HRS) and low resistive state (LRS) were stable up to 1000 s

Development and validation of the MMCD score to predict kidney replacement therapy in COVID-19 patients

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently associated with COVID-19, and the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is considered an indicator of disease severity. This study aimed to develop a prognostic score for predicting the need for KRT in hospitalised COVID-19 patients, and to assess the incidence of AKI and KRT requirement. Methods This study is part of a multicentre cohort, the Brazilian COVID-19 Registry. A total of 5212 adult COVID-19 patients were included between March/2020 and September/2020. Variable selection was performed using generalised additive models (GAM), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used for score derivation. Accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Results The median age of the model-derivation cohort was 59 (IQR 47–70) years, 54.5% were men, 34.3% required ICU admission, 20.9% evolved with AKI, 9.3% required KRT, and 15.1% died during hospitalisation. The temporal validation cohort had similar age, sex, ICU admission, AKI, required KRT distribution and in-hospital mortality. The geographic validation cohort had similar age and sex; however, this cohort had higher rates of ICU admission, AKI, need for KRT and in-hospital mortality. Four predictors of the need for KRT were identified using GAM: need for mechanical ventilation, male sex, higher creatinine at hospital presentation and diabetes. The MMCD score had excellent discrimination in derivation (AUROC 0.929, 95% CI 0.918–0.939) and validation (temporal AUROC 0.927, 95% CI 0.911–0.941; geographic AUROC 0.819, 95% CI 0.792–0.845) cohorts and good overall performance (Brier score: 0.057, 0.056 and 0.122, respectively). The score is implemented in a freely available online risk calculator ( https://www.mmcdscore.com/ ). Conclusions The use of the MMCD score to predict the need for KRT may assist healthcare workers in identifying hospitalised COVID-19 patients who may require more intensive monitoring, and can be useful for resource allocation

Tratamento bem-sucedido de lesão cardíaca penetrante e não transfixante com miocardiorrafia e manuseio de eventos de fibrilação atrial e parada cardiorrespiratória: relato de caso

As lesões cardíacas penetrantes e não transfixantes são uma emergência médica que requer tratamento imediato e adequado. A miocardiorrafia é uma técnica cirúrgica utilizada no tratamento dessas lesões, mas pode estar associada a complicações, como fibrilação atrial (FA) e parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR). O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de um tratamento bem-sucedido de lesão cardíaca penetrante e não transfixante com miocardiorrafia e manuseio de eventos de fibrilação atrial e parada cardiorrespiratória. Descrevemos o caso de um paciente de 21 anos do sexo masculino que foi admitido em estado grave em um hospital de referência após sofrer ferimento penetrante por projétil de arma de fogo. O paciente foi imediatamente encaminhado ao centro cirúrgico, onde foi constatada uma lesão pulmonar transfixante com perfuração de lobo superior, inferior e língula, além de um ferimento do miocárdio não transfixante no ventrículo esquerdo, que foi tratado com miocardiorrafia. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico, o paciente apresentou fibrilação atrial (FA) seguida de parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR), que foi revertida com ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP) e desfibrilação. O paciente foi estabilizado com transfusão de hemocomponentes e recebeu suporte clínico completo na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) após a cirurgia. O paciente evoluiu satisfatoriamente, sem complicações e recebeu alta hospitalar, sendo monitorado regularmente pela equipe de cardiologia. Este relato de caso destaca a importância do diagnóstico e tratamento imediato de lesões cardíacas penetrantes em pacientes politraumatizados, bem como o manejo adequado da FA e PCR intraoperatórias