The multifaceted covid-19: Ct aspects of its atypical pulmonary and abdominal manifestations and complications in adults and children. a pictorial review

Our daily experience in a COVID hospital has allowed us to learn about this disease in many of its changing and unusual aspects. Some of these uncommon manifestations, however, appeared more frequently than others, giving shape to a multifaceted COVID-19 disease. This pictorial review has the aim to describe the radiological aspects of atypical presentations and of some complications of COVID-19 disease in adults and children and provide a simple guide for radiologists to become familiar with the multiform aspects of this disease

The health determinants in young children: Testing a new surveillance system in Italy

In recent years, the scientific community has stressed the need to invest in the first 1,000 days of life - the time spanning between conception and the 2nd birthday - because it is during this period that the foundations of health are laid and whose effects will be present throughout the life and may influence the next generation. Taking this into account, in 2013 the National Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (CCM) of the Italian Ministry of Health promoted and financed a project to test a surveillance system of the main determinants of health concerning the child between the conception period and the 2nd years of life which are included in the National Programme “GenitoriPiù”: folic acid before and during pregnancy, abstention from tobacco and alcohol during pregnancy and lactation, breastfeeding, infant sleep position, vaccination attitude, and early reading. The Project, started in January 2014 and ended in August 2016, has piloted the design, testing, and evaluation of the surveillance system with the view to national extension and the repeatability over time. The surveillance system has been designed to collect data through a questionnaire compiled by mothers in vaccination centres, in order to produce indicators which will enable territorial and intertempo-ral comparisons to be made. The project has shown the feasibility of this system, identifying favourable conditions and possible difficulties, and its ability to collect important information on children's health

MDCT in the differentiation of adrenal masses: comparison between different scan delays for the evaluation of intralesional washout.

Purpose. To evaluate the accuracy of the washout in the differential diagnosis between adenomas and nonadenomas and to compare the obtained results in delayed CT scans at 5, 10 and 15 minutes. Methods. Fifty patients with adrenal masses were prospectively evaluated. CT scans were performed by using a 320-row MDCT device, before and after injection of contrast material. In 25 cases, delayed scans were performed at 5 and 10 (group 1), while in the remaining 25, at 5 and 15 (group 2). Absolute and relative washout percentage values (APW and RPW) were calculated. Results. Differential diagnosis between adenomas and nonadenomas was obtained in 48/50 (96%) cases, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values of 96%, 95%, and 96%, respectively. In group 1,APW and RPW values were, respectively, 69.8% and 67.2% at 5 and 75.9% and 73.5% at 10 for adenomas and 25.1% and 15.8% at 5 and 33.5% and 20.5% at 10 for nonadenomas. In group 2, APW and RPW values were 63% and 54.6% at 5 and 73.8% and 65.5% at 15 for adenomas and 22% and 12.5% at 5 and 35.5% and 19.9% at 15 for nonadenomas. Conclusions.The evaluation of the wash-out values in CT scans performed at 5, 10, and 15 provides comparable diagnostic results. CT scans performed at 5 are, therefore, to be preferred, since they reduce the examination time and pa