Economic-financial feasibility of purchasing or renting machinery in CMAX company

El propósito del artículo es estudiar la viabilidad económico-financiera de la empresa CMAX frente a la adquisición o alquiler de maquinaria, esta investigación se realizó de forma cuantitativa, ya que los datos que se tuvieron en cuenta para el análisis fueron los costos generados por maquinaria alquilada y los costos fijos y variables de la maquinaria propia del año 2020 para este estudio fue fundamental medir las horas trabajadas por la maquina mes a mes y los costos indirectos que esta acarreo para la empresa donde se compararon los meses con mayor y menor movimientos generados, se observó que CMAX es una pyme la cual hace que sus ingresos permitan la compra de maquinaria y así reducir costos de alquiler; con este análisis se evidencio que es más rentable adquirir un activo ya que al final dicha maquina queda para la empresa y puede seguir ayudando en su proceso de operación a medida que la empresa este en crecimiento podrá tener un ahorro en dinero representativo a comparación de como venía llevando el proceso el cual era con proveedores de servicio de alquiler de maquinaria y un costo fijo por hora es decir entre más movimiento de inventario tuviera el costo iba se mayor y la función principal de este análisis es la disminución de costos.The purpose of the article is to study the economic-financial viability of the company CMAX in relation to the acquisition or rental of machinery, this research was conducted quantitatively, The data taken into account for the analysis were the costs generated by rented machinery and the fixed and variable costs of the company's own machinery for the year 2020. For this study, it was essential to measure the hours worked by the machinery month by month and the indirect costs that the company incurred, comparing the months with greater and lesser movements generated, it was observed that CMAX is an SME whose income allows the purchase of machinery and thus reduce rental costs; With this analysis it is evident that it is more profitable to acquire an asset because in the end the machine is for the company and can continue to help in its operation process as the company is growing may have a saving in money representative compared to how it was carrying out the process which was with service providers rental of machinery and a fixed cost per hour, ie the more inventory movement had the cost would be higher and the main function of this analysis is the reduction of costs

Hacer el estado: carreteras, conflicto y órdenes locales en los territorios de las FARC

En agosto de 2017, como parte de los acuerdos de paz con el gobierno colombiano, las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) hicieron entrega de una extensa lista de bienes destinados a reparar a las víctimas del conflicto armado. Entre estos se incluyeron cerca de 3.700 kilómetros de carreteras, la mayoría localizadas en zonas de influencia de esta guerrilla. En este artículo indagamos el tipo de actores, colaboraciones, relaciones de poder y tecnologías que hicieron posible la construcción de carreteras en Puerto Guzmán, un municipio amazónico con presencia prolongada de las FARC. En este sentido, argumentamos que la construcción y transformación en el tiempo de estas infraestructuras permiten entender al estado como una coproducción que involucra dinámicas y actores distintos, algunos antagónicos al orden estatal.In August of 2017, as part of the Peace Accords with the Colombian government, the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) presented an extensive list of assets to be destined toward the victims of the armed conflict. It included approximately 3,700 kilometers of roads, most of them located in areas of influence of this guerrilla group. In this article, we investigate the type of actors, collaborations, power relations and technologies that made the construction of roads possible in Puerto Guzmán, an Amazonian municipality with a prolonged FARC presence. We argue that the construction and transformation of these infrastructures over time enables us to understand the state as a co-production involving different dynamics and actors, including some antagonistic to the state order.Em agosto de 2017, como parte dos acordos de paz com o governo colombiano, as Forças Armadas Revolucionárias da Colômbia (FARC), houve a entrega de uma extensa lista de bens destinados a reparar as vítimas do conflito armado. Entre esses bens, foram incluídos aproximadamente 3.700 quilômetros de estrada, a maioria localizada em áreas de influência dessa guerrilha. Neste artigo, questionamos o tipo de atores, colaborações, relações de poder e tecnologias que tornaram possível a construção de rodovias em Puerto Guzmán, um município amazônico com presença prolongada das FARC. Nesse sentido, argumentamos que a construção e a transformação no tempo dessas infraestruturas permitem entender o estado como uma coprodução que envolve dinâmicas e atores diferentes, alguns antagônicos à ordem estatal

Successful inclusion of high vegetable protein sources in feed for rainbow trout without decrement in intestinal health

[EN] A reduction in fishmeal in diets is essential to achieve the aim of sustainable production. In the current work, using a plant protein blend of wheat gluten, wheat and soybean meal supplemented with Tau, Val, Lys and Met, a 10% higher fishmeal substitution without affecting growth and health parameters has been accomplished. The aquaculture of carnivorous fish is in continuous expansion, which leads to the need to reduce the dependence on fishmeal (FM). Plant proteins (PP) represent a suitable protein alternative to FM and are increasingly used in fish feed. However, PP may lead to stunted growth and enteritis. In the current study, the effect of high FM substitution by PP sources on the growth, mortality and intestinal health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was evaluated in terms of the histological intestine parameters and expression of genes related to inflammation (IL-1 beta, IL-8 and TGF-beta) and immune responses (Transferrin, IgT and IFN-gamma). The results show that a total substitution registered lower growth and survival rates, probably due to a disruption to the animal's health. Confirming this hypothesis, fish fed FM0 showed histological changes in the intestine and gene changes related to inflammatory responses, which in the long-term could have triggered an immunosuppression. The FM10 diet presented not only a similar expression to FM20 (control diet), but also similar growth and survival. Therefore, 90% of FM substitution was demonstrated as being feasible in this species using a PP blend of wheat gluten (WG) and soybean meal (SBM) as a protein source.Vélez-Calabria, G.; Peñaranda, D.; Jover Cerda, M.; Martínez-Llorens, S.; Tomas-Vidal, A. (2021). Successful inclusion of high vegetable protein sources in feed for rainbow trout without decrement in intestinal health. Animals. 11(12):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123577S118111

Effects of Eco-Organic Feed on Growth Performance, Biometric Indices, and Nutrient Retention of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

[EN] This study examined how eco-organic feed affects the growth performance, nutrient efficiency, feed utilisation, and body composition of gilthead seabream. Six different diets were tested, including a control diet (CONT) without organic ingredients and four diets with 100% organic ingredients: trout (TRO), seabass (SBS), poultry (POU), and mix (MIX), along with a control organic diet (ORG) containing organic ingredients and 30% fishmeal. The experiment lasted 70 days, and the fish were fed twice a day, starting with an initial weight of 60.5 g. The results showed that the highest growth rates were observed in fish fed the ORG and CONT diets containing fishmeal. Conversely, the POU diet resulted in the lowest growth rate, survival rate, and highest value for feed conversion ratio (FCR). Almost all essential amino acid efficiency values were high in fish fed the ORG and CONT diets. Still, significant differences were noted in the retention efficiency of fatty acids across all diets. The retention efficiency was higher in the CONT diet, followed by the ORG diet. However, the economic conversion rate was lower for CONT, SBS, TRO, and MIX. Overall, using organic diets of animal origin impacted the growth performance of gilthead seabream, but it is still a promising approach.This project had been developed with the collaboration of the Biodiversity Foundation (Spanish Ministry for Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge), through the Pleamar Program, co-financed by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF). A full scholarship from the Ministry of Higher Education of the Arab Republic of Egypt funds the researcher Eslam TefalTefal, E.; Tomas-Vidal, A.; Martínez-Llorens, S.; Jauralde García, I.; Peñaranda, D.; Jover Cerda, M. (2023). Effects of Eco-Organic Feed on Growth Performance, Biometric Indices, and Nutrient Retention of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata). Sustainability. 15(14):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151410750116151

Intestinal Explant Cultures from Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata, L.) Allowed the Determination of Mucosal Sensitivity to Bacterial Pathogens and the Impact of a Plant Protein Diet

[EN] The interaction between diet and intestinal health has been widely discussed, although in vivo approaches have reported limitations. The intestine explant culture system developed provides an advantage since it reduces the number of experimental fish and increases the time of incubation compared to similar methods, becoming a valuable tool in the study of the interactions between pathogenic bacteria, rearing conditions, or dietary components and fish gut immune response. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the total substitution of fish meal by plants on the immune intestinal status of seabream using an ex vivo bacterial challenge. For this aim, two growth stages of fish were assayed (12 g): phase I (90 days), up to 68 g, and phase II (305 days), up to 250 g. Additionally, in phase II, the effects of long term and short term exposure (15 days) to a plant protein (PP) diet were determined. PP diet altered the mucosal immune homeostasis, the younger fish being more sensitive, and the intestine from fish fed short-term plant diets showed a higher immune response than with long-term feeding. Vibrio alginolyticus (V. alginolyticus) triggered the highest immune and inflammatory response, while COX-2 expression was significantly induced by Photobacterium damselae subsp. Piscicida (P. damselae subsp. Piscicida), showing a positive high correlation between the pro-inflammatory genes encoding interleukin 1 beta (IL1-beta), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2).The research was supported by a grant financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad AGL2015-70487-P. and Generalitat Valenciana, IDIFEDER/2020/029 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. It was additionally granted by Contrato Pre-doctoral para la Formacion de Profesorado Universitario from Subprogramas de Formacion y Movilidad within the Programa Estatal de Promocion del Talento y su Empleabilidad of the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte of Spain.Peñaranda, D.; Bäuerl, C.; Tomas-Vidal, A.; Jover Cerda, M.; Estruch, G.; Pérez Martínez, G.; Martínez-Llorens, S. (2020). Intestinal Explant Cultures from Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata, L.) Allowed the Determination of Mucosal Sensitivity to Bacterial Pathogens and the Impact of a Plant Protein Diet. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21(20):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207584S1202120Minghetti, M., Drieschner, C., Bramaz, N., Schug, H., & Schirmer, K. (2017). A fish intestinal epithelial barrier model established from the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cell line, RTgutGC. Cell Biology and Toxicology, 33(6), 539-555. doi:10.1007/s10565-017-9385-xGómez, G. D., & Balcázar, J. L. (2008). 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W., JAAFARI, S., BAARDSEN, G., ROMBOUT, J. H. W. M., KOPPE, W., & VERRETH, J. A. J. (2009). Variation in commercial sources of soybean meal influences the severity of enteritis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.). Aquaculture Nutrition, 15(5), 492-499. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2095.2008.00615.xKokou, F., Sarropoulou, E., Cotou, E., Rigos, G., Henry, M., Alexis, M., & Kentouri, M. (2015). Effects of Fish Meal Replacement by a Soybean Protein on Growth, Histology, Selected Immune and Oxidative Status Markers of Gilthead Sea Bream, Sparus aurata. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 46(2), 115-128. doi:10.1111/jwas.12181Pereira, T. G., & Oliva-Teles, A. (2003). Evaluation of corn gluten meal as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) juveniles. Aquaculture Research, 34(13), 1111-1117. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00909.xMartínez-Llorens, S., Baeza-Ariño, R., Nogales-Mérida, S., Jover-Cerdá, M., & Tomás-Vidal, A. (2012). Carob seed germ meal as a partial substitute in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) diets: Amino acid retention, digestibility, gut and liver histology. Aquaculture, 338-341, 124-133. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.01.029Sitjà-Bobadilla, A., Peña-Llopis, S., Gómez-Requeni, P., Médale, F., Kaushik, S., & Pérez-Sánchez, J. (2005). Effect of fish meal replacement by plant protein sources on non-specific defence mechanisms and oxidative stress in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture, 249(1-4), 387-400. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.03.031Estensoro, I., Ballester-Lozano, G., Benedito-Palos, L., Grammes, F., Martos-Sitcha, J. A., Mydland, L.-T., … Pérez-Sánchez, J. (2016). Dietary Butyrate Helps to Restore the Intestinal Status of a Marine Teleost (Sparus aurata) Fed Extreme Diets Low in Fish Meal and Fish Oil. PLOS ONE, 11(11), e0166564. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166564Kokou, F., Sarropoulou, E., Cotou, E., Kentouri, M., Alexis, M., & Rigos, G. (2017). Effects of graded dietary levels of soy protein concentrate supplemented with methionine and phosphate on the immune and antioxidant responses of gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 64, 111-121. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.017Couso, N., Castro, R., Magariños, B., Obach, A., & Lamas, J. (2003). Effect of oral administration of glucans on the resistance of gilthead seabream to pasteurellosis. Aquaculture, 219(1-4), 99-109. doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(03)00019-xMauri, I., Romero, A., Acerete, L., MacKenzie, S., Roher, N., Callol, A., … Tort, L. (2011). Changes in complement responses in Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) under crowding stress, plus viral and bacterial challenges. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 30(1), 182-188. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2010.10.006Reyes-Becerril, M., López-Medina, T., Ascencio-Valle, F., & Esteban, M. Á. (2011). 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Disease resistance and response against Vibrio anguillarum intestinal infection in European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) fed low fish meal and fish oil diets. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 67, 302-311. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.022Estruch, G., Collado, M. C., Peñaranda, D. S., Tomás Vidal, A., Jover Cerdá, M., Pérez Martínez, G., & Martinez-Llorens, S. (2015). Impact of Fishmeal Replacement in Diets for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota Determined by Pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA Gene. PLOS ONE, 10(8), e0136389. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136389Estruch, G., Martínez-Llorens, S., Tomás-Vidal, A., Monge-Ortiz, R., Jover-Cerdá, M., Brown, P. B., & Peñaranda, D. S. (2020). Impact of high dietary plant protein with or without marine ingredients in gut mucosa proteome of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata, L.). Journal of Proteomics, 216, 103672. doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103672Estruch, G., Collado, M. 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Impact of high dietary plant protein with or without marine ingredients in gut mucosa proteome of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata, L.)

[EN] The digestive tract, particularly the intestine, represents one of the main sites of interactions with the environment, playing the gut mucosa a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and in the immune defence. Previous researches have proven that the fishmeal replacement by plant sources could have an impact on the intestinal status at both digestive and immune level, compromising relevant productive parameters, such as feed efficiency, growth or survival. In order to evaluate the long-term impact of total fishmeal replacement on intestinal mucosa, the gut mucosa proteome was analysed in fish fed with a fishmeal-based diet, against plant protein-based diets with or without alternative marine sources inclusion. Total fishmeal replacement without marine ingredients inclusion, reported a negative impact in growth and biometric parameters, further an altered gut mucosa proteome. However, the inclusion of a low percentage of marine ingredients in plant protein-based diets was able to maintain the growth, biometrics parameters and gut mucosa proteome with similar values to FM group. A total fishmeal replacement induced a big set of underrepresented proteins in relation to several biological processes such as intracellular transport, assembly of cellular macrocomplex, protein localization and protein catabolism, as well as several molecular functions, mainly related with binding to different molecules and the maintenance of the cytoskeleton structure. The set of downregulated proteins also included molecules which have a crucial role in the maintenance of the normal function of the enterocytes, and therefore, of the epithelium, including permeability, immune and inflammatory response regulation and nutritional absorption. Possibly, the amino acid imbalance presented in VM diet, in a long-term feeding, may be the main reason of these alterations, which can be prevented by the inclusion of 15% of alternative marine sources. Significance: Long-term feeding with plant protein based diets may be considered as a stress factor and lead to a negative impact on digestive and immune system mechanisms at the gut, that can become apparent in a reduced fish performance. The need for fishmeal replacement by alternative ingredients such as plant sources to ensure the sustainability of the aquaculture sector has led the research assessing the intestinal status of fish to be of increasing importance. This scientific work provides further knowledge about the proteins and biologic processes altered in the gut in response to plant protein based diets, suggesting the loss of part of gut mucosa functionality. Nevertheless, the inclusion of alternative marine ingredients was able to reverse these negative effects, showing as a feasible option to develop sustainable aquafeeds.The first author was supported by a contract-grant (Contrato Pre doctoral para la Formacion de Profesorado Universitario) from Subprogramas de Formacion y Movilidad within the Programa Estatal de Promocion del Talento y su Empleabilidad of the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte of Spain.Estruch, G.; Martínez-Llorens, S.; Tomas-Vidal, A.; Monge-Ortiz, R.; Jover Cerda, M.; Brown, PB.; Peñaranda, D. (2020). Impact of high dietary plant protein with or without marine ingredients in gut mucosa proteome of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata, L.). Journal of Proteomics. 216:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103672S113216Martínez-Llorens, S., Moñino, A. V., Tomás Vidal, A., Salvador, V. J. M., Pla Torres, M., & Jover Cerdá, M. (2007). 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(2004). Recognition of Commensal Microflora by Toll-Like Receptors Is Required for Intestinal Homeostasis. Cell, 118(2), 229-241. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.002Neal, M. D., Leaphart, C., Levy, R., Prince, J., Billiar, T. R., Watkins, S., … Hackam, D. J. (2006). Enterocyte TLR4 Mediates Phagocytosis and Translocation of Bacteria Across the Intestinal Barrier. The Journal of Immunology, 176(5), 3070-3079. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.5.3070Fink, M. P., & Delude, R. L. (2005). Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction: A Unifying Theme to Explain the Pathogenesis of Multiple Organ Dysfunction at the Cellular Level. Critical Care Clinics, 21(2), 177-196. doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2005.01.005Estruch, G., Collado, M. C., Peñaranda, D. S., Tomás Vidal, A., Jover Cerdá, M., Pérez Martínez, G., & Martinez-Llorens, S. (2015). Impact of Fishmeal Replacement in Diets for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota Determined by Pyrosequ

Impact of Fishmeal Replacement in Diets for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota Determined by Pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA Gene

[EN] Recent studies have demonstrated the impact of diet on microbiota composition, but the essential need for the optimization of production rates and costs forces farms and aquaculture production to carry out continuous dietary tests. In order to understand the effect of total fishmeal replacement by vegetable-based feed in the sea bream (Sparus aurata), the microbial composition of the stomach, foregut, midgut and hindgut was analysed using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing, also considering parameters of growth, survival and nutrient utilisation indices.A total of 91,539 16S rRNA filtered-sequences were analysed, with an average number of 3661.56 taxonomically assigned, high-quality sequences per sample. The dominant phyla throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract were Actinobacteria, Protebacteria and Firmicutes. A lower diversity in the stomach in comparison to the other intestinal sections was observed. The microbial composition of the Recirculating Aquaculture System was totally different to that of the sea bream gastrointestinal tract. Total fishmeal replacement had an important impact on microbial profiles but not on diversity. Streptococcus (p-value: 0.043) and Photobacterium (p-value: 0.025) were highly represented in fish fed with fishmeal and vegetable-meal diets, respectively. In the stomach samples with the vegetable diet, reads of chloroplasts and mitochondria from vegetable dietary ingredients were rather abundant. Principal Coordinate Analysis showed a clear differentiation between diets in the microbiota present in the gut, supporting the presence of specific bacterial consortia associated with the diet.Although differences in growth and nutritive parameters were not observed, a negative effect of the vegetable diet on the survival rate was determined. Further studies are required to shed more light on the relationship between the immune system and sea bream gastrointestinal tract microbiota and should consider the modulation of the microbiota to improve the survival rate and nutritive efficacy when using plant-based diets.Project Name: Aquaculture feed without fishmeal(SP20120603). Grant Numbers: 6.000,00. Funding Institution: Vicerrectorat d'Investigacio, Innovacio i Transferencia - Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. Author who received the funding: ATV. URL of funder: http://www.upv.es/entidades/VIIT/info/indexnormalc.html. The first author was supported by a contract-grant (Contrato Pre-doctoral del Programa para la Formacion de Personal Investigador - FPI) from Programa de Ayudas de Investigacion y Desarrollo (PAID) of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Estruch, G.; Collado Amores, MC.; Peñaranda, D.; Tomas-Vidal, A.; Jover Cerda, M.; Pérez-Martínez, G.; Martínez-Llorens, S. (2015). Impact of Fishmeal Replacement in Diets for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota Determined by Pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA Gene. PLoS ONE. 10:1-22. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136389S1221

Estimation of phosphorous and nitrogen waste in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) diets including different inorganic phosphorous sources

[EN] Aquaculture effluents with high levels of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) contribute to eutrophication in the aquatic ecosystem. The environmental impact of phosphorus and N aquaculture waste may be diminished by modifying diet ingredients that improve phosphorous (P) digestibility, and therefore, reduce the P in metabolic waste. The content of P in fishmeal is high (30 g/kg), but the inclusion of fishmeal in the diet is reducing due to its high costs and limited accessibility; therefore, the addition of an inorganic P source is necessary to ensure a satisfactory level of available P in fish diets. Consequently, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of four different inorganic P sources on P digestibility and excretion in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), as one of the most relevant aquaculture species. Monosodium/monocalcium phosphate with 2% of sodium source presented a P digestibility similar to monoammonium phosphate, but with lower nitrogen and phosphorus excretion into the environment, which is advantageous from a nutritional, environmental and industrial point of view (biofilters and recirculation systems in fish farms). This study was conducted to evaluate the apparent availability and P and N excretion in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using different inorganic phosphorus sources. With this goal, fish (153 +/- 14.1 g) fed four inorganic P sources were assayed: monoammonium phosphate (MAP, NH4H2PO4), monosodium/monocalcium phosphate (SCP-2%, AQphos+, NaH2PO4/Ca(H2PO4)(2)center dot H2O in proportion 12/88), monosodium/monocalcium phosphate (SCP-5%, NaH2PO4/Ca(H2PO4)(2)center dot H2O in proportion 30/70) and monocalcium phosphate (MCP, Ca(H2PO4)(2)center dot H2O). Phosphorus (P) digestibility, in diets that included MAP and SCP-2% as inorganic phosphorus sources, were significantly higher than for SCP-5% and MCP sources. In relation to the P excretion pattern, independent of the diet, a peak at 6 h after feeding was registered, but at different levels depending on inorganic P sources. Fish fed an MAP diet excreted a higher amount of dissolved P in comparison with the rest of the inorganic P sources, although the total P losses were lower in MAP and SCP-2% (33.02% and 28.13, respectively) than in SCP-5% and MCP sources (43.35% and 47.83, respectively). Nitrogen (N) excretion was also studied, and the fish fed an SCP-5% diet provided lower values (15.8%) than MAP (28.0%). When N total wastes were calculated, SCP-2% and SCP-5% showed the lowest values (31.54 and 28.25%, respectively). In conclusion, based on P and N digestibility and excretion, the SCP-2% diet showed the best results from a nutritional and environmental point of view.This study has been developed under the framework of the project entitled "Improvement of the nutritional quality of aquaculture feeds through the incorporation of microalgae hydrolysates enriched in probiotic microorganisms-ALQUABIOTIC," ITC-20181099, corresponding to the FEDER INNTERCONECTA 2018 call, funded by CDTI (Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology), supported by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and co-financed by FEDER funds (European Regional Development Fund) within the 2014-2020 Intelligent Growth Operational Program.Milián-Sorribes, MC.; Tomas-Vidal, A.; Peñaranda, D.; Carpintero, L.; Mesa, JS.; Dupuy, J.; Donadeu, A.... (2021). Estimation of phosphorous and nitrogen waste in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) diets including different inorganic phosphorous sources. Animals. 11(6):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061700S11411

Mejora de las competencias gracias a la implantación de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en acuicultura

En el presente trabajo se muestra la experiencia de la aplicación del Aprendizaje Basada en proyectos (ABP) en la asignatura “Diseño y Gestión de instalaciones Piscícolas” de la titulación del Máster interuniversitario de Acuicultura de la Universitat Politécnica de València. El ABP consistió en el desarrollo de un proyecto de una piscifactoría, en el cual los alumnos debían integrar los conocimientos adquiridos en las asignaturas previas, permitiendo una visión más multidisciplinar de la asignatura y mejor adquisición de las competencias. Tanto desde el punto de vista del alumnado como del profesor, la implantación del ABP permitió un mayor desarrollo de las competencias, siendo la metodología docente valorada positivamente. Además, se mejoró la participación del alumnado en las actividades propuestas, dando como resultado una mejor calificando académica final. No obstante, se deben de mejorar algunos aspectos como es la planificación del tiempo y consolidar relaciones de integración o la interacción entre diferentes disciplinas/asignaturas de manera que tengan una mejor integración en el proyecto

Eficiencia de diferentes sistemas de evaluación en la asignatura de “Nutrición de especies acuícolas”

[EN] The subject of “Nutricion de especies acuícolas” is teach in in-person modality in the “Master Interuniversitario de Acuicultura, and in on-line modality in the “Curso de especialista universitario en Acuicultura”. Even if the assessment procedures and percentages of differents parts over the final grade are similar in both modalities, there are not equals the number of assessments facts. Keeping in mind the satisfactions surveis of the students over the assesments systems used, the results where higher for the on-line modality (9,4) than for the in-persone one (8,1). The higher sattisfaction of the students with the assessment system has a correspondence with better student performance, showing a higher percentage of student with grade over 9, 24,5% if compared with the 14,5% in the in-person modality. But similar percentage of students obtained a grade between 7 and 9 (50 and 54% respectivily)[ES] La asignatura de “Nutrición de especies acuícolas” se imparte de forma presencial en el Master Interuniversitario de Acuicultura y formato on-line en el Curso de Especialista universitario en Acuicultura. Aunque el tipo de evaluación, así como los porcentajes que representan en la nota final son similares en ambas modalidades, no es el número de actos realizados. Teniendo en cuenta las encuestas de satisfacción de los alumnos en el apartado de los sistemas de evaluación empleados fueron más elevadas en la asignatura on-line (9,4), que en la asignatura de docencia presencial (8,1). La mayor satisfacción de los alumnos con el sistema de evaluación propuesta se ha traducido en un mayor rendimiento académico, presentando un elevado porcentaje de alumnos con una nota superior a 9, un 24.5% frente a un 14,5% en la asignatura presencial, siendo el porcentaje de notables muy similar en ambas asignaturas (50 y 54%, respectivamente)Tomás Vidal, A.; Jauralde García, I.; Martínez Llorens, S.; Sánchez Peñaranda, D.; Jover Cerdá, M. (2015). Eficiencia de diferentes sistemas de evaluación en la asignatura de “Nutrición de especies acuícolas”. En In-Red 2015 - CONGRESO NACIONAL DE INNOVACIÓN EDUCATIVA Y DE DOCENCIA EN RED. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2015.2015.1625OC