Interrelationships Between Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Habitat in a Mountain Stream

A study to determine habitat differences of benthic macroinvertebrates was conducted on the upper Strawberry River, Utah. The investigation was part of a large scale project to determine minimum stream flow requirements for trout. The effects of time, habitat, depth and velocity on the distribution of benthic fauna were evaluated. Samples of benthic invertebrates (146 total) were collected every 2 months at 8 stations on the river from November, 1975 through August, 1976. Representatives of 59 taxa were collected. Eight taxa comprised 90 percent of the mean annual community standing crop in numbers. Biomass was not dominated by any group of taxa. Community standing crop decreased from late Fall 1975 until early Summer 1976. The largest increase in standing crop occurred during August. Prediction of benthic distribution through the use of depth and velocity categories was unsuccessful. Three-dimensional plots of the relative density of a taxon versus depth and velocity indicated the contagious nature of the animals\u27 distributions but their preference for specific categories could not be demonstrated. The results suggested that macroinvertebrates could tolerate large variations in current and depth and that these physical factors are only indirectly related to faunal distribution. Results of analysis of variance and covariance showed time to be the factor which influenced the distribution of most taxa (85%), followed by the time x habitat interaction (20%), velocity (18%), habitat (11%), and depth (9%). Comparisons in animal abundance were made between 4 riffles and 4 \u27\u27pools . These two habitats did not differ significantly in substrate type or velocity, however depth did show significant differences. Results of nonparametric tests suggested that the majority of taxa migrated into pools during periods of snow, ice, and low flows, an indication that pools may provide refuge to macroinvertebrates during periods of stream dewatering and diversion

Reconstructing the Constitutional Theory of Mount Laurel II

How close does Mount Laurel II come to declaring a constitutional right to shelter under the New Jersey Constitution

Lawyers, Judges, and the Public Interest

Chares Haar, the Louis D. Brandeis Professor of Law Emeritus at the Harvard Law School and a certified elder statesman of the housing and land-use community, was one of those scholar-politicians of the 1960s who spun out innovative theories in law reviews and then moved into government to see them applied. His generation inspired mine to pursue law as a means to serve the public interest. But the days of the Kennedy brothers\u27 Camelot are long past. Today, big government and big courts alike are seen as parts of the problem. In the more austere political climate of the 1990s, however, Charles Haar is not the least bit repentant, and he has found a magnificent topic around which to reaffirm his faith in the capacity of big government and, particularly, big courts to move us collectively toward the just society. In Suburbs Under Siege: Race, Space, and Audacious Judges, Professor Haar dissects New Jersey\u27s famous Mount Laurel cases, finding in them not only a compelling demonstration of judicial success in the arduous task of law reform, but confirmation that courts can be better than legislatures at such a task

66/09/21 Motion to Dismiss Appeal Filed as of Right and Memorandum Opposing Jurisdiction

The trial court properly found that there is a distinction between a frisk and a search, and that in the circumstances of this case the frisk preceded the arrest, and further, that the arrest and search in connection therewith were legal. The opinion of the Court of Appeals and the authorities cited therein support that conclusion. The defendant has not shown any valid reason why these findings should be disturbed. The motion for leave to appeal should therefore be overruled. From the Conclusion, page 14