Physical activity of pupils: Engagement of pupils younger school age in extracurricular sports activities

One of the most important health problems of today's society is hypokinesia accompanied by obesity. The assumption is that reduced physical activity has a large negative impact on the school population. The problem of reduced commitment and involvement of pupils in extracurricular activities is increasingly evident in recent times, which results in a number of negative health effects on the human body of an individual. This study comprised a group of pupils from first to the fourth year of elementary school in Pale (city East Sarajevo, BIH). The total sample consisted of 175 pupils (84 male and 91 female) age 11 to 14±0,5years. As a way of gathering the required information, we used an anonymous questionnaire of the open type in order to collect information about pupils involvement in extracurricular sports activities. The survey was conducted in October 2017 and all the pupils voluntarily participated in the study. Based on the survey results have been obtained the necessary information to reflect the very good of physical activity, of the pupils population. Of the total sample of pupils, the survey confirmed that 100% are physically active pupils. This is an encouraging result because today we have less physically active school children

Hand Grip Strength in Students: Differences in the Gender Dimorphism

The hands are anatomically specialized for manipulative tasks with different physical objects, where they can cope with certain loads with different forces and intensity. During various physical and sports activities, the hands produce the appropriate muscular force for gripping, which manifests as the hand grip's force. For this reason, hand grip strength (HGS) is recognized as a limiting factor in all manipulative activities performed by the cranial part of the body. The current research included a sample of 22 subjects, 16 male Body Height (BH=180.28±4.65cm); Body Weight (BW=80.05±9.96kg), Body Mass Index (BMI=24.61±2.74kg/m²) and 6 female subjects Body Height (BH=167.42±11.11cm); Body Weight (BW=64.80±10.09kg); Body Mass Index (BMI=23.02±1.57kg/m²) on the third year of study at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. This study aimed to determine the maximum isometric muscle force of the handgrip and differences between the same gender of students. A t-test for small samples was applied for data processing, and the relevant statistical parameters were calculated. The obtained t-test results confirmed statistically significant differences between the so-called dominant and non-dominant hands in male subjects (t=4.158; p<0.05) and female subjects (t=3.176; p<0.05). The obtained results of this research will be used for analytical and diagnostic purposes with a wide range of activities in the population of physical education and sports students (assessment of physical ability, trends, and tendencies to monitor and change abilities, influence on the implementation of certain curricula of some subjects studied at the faculty, etc.)

VIBRATION TRAINING: OLD-NEW CHALLENGES AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION

The need to get 'fit' has resulted in a planetary fitness centre expansion, which has by the principle of cause and effect brought out a massive number of different fitness exercising programmes, methods, equipment and props, with an aim to achieve better and faster training results, i.e. the wanted transformational anthropological status. The new fitness programs are emerging almost every day, which in spite of a vast marketing support and a current publicity are forgotten very fast. Within those conditions, in order to achieve satisfaction and trust of your clients, the offered programmes need to produce wanted effects in regards to the transformation of targeted abilities or characteristics of those who perform exercises. This presents constant challenges to the fitness industry, along with the obligation to seek for optimum, scientifically accepted and proven exercising methods. It is because of those reasons that the professional fitness centres are interested in introducing and applying only proven training methods, using highly sophisticated and technologically advanced equipment. This paper deals with a detail analysis of vibration training methods as one of the three methods which have been developed through a research designed for the astronauts. It was released into public after the fall of the “Berlin Wall 1989” and opening the secret USSR and USA documents. The current research defines the related units starting from epistemology of the vibration training, its application as an alternative to developing conditional capacities (strength, muscle endurance, increasing mobility, elasticity, muscle coordination and the balance between reduced pain and muscle tone, increasing peripheral circulation, etc.) clinical use in physiotherapy and vibration training (in regards to strength increase, power, flexibility, mineral bone density, increased cardio-vascular functions as well as reducing pain) and vibration training as one of the means to athlete recovery (body's regeneration processes) so as to prevent negative training effects (the development of overtraining and chronic fatigue). Each of the units will contain information which is relevant to the theory and practice in sport, recreation and convalescence of athletes and patients.  Article visualizations

DOES OBSESSION OF IRRATIONAL STACKING ANABOLIC STEROIDS WITH TRENBOLONE ACETATE OVER DECADES LEADS TO GENERAL, CARDIOVASCULAR OR SOCIAL DEVIATION PROBLEM IN YOUNG ADULTS, OR JUST BIGGEST MUSCLE MASS IS EQUAL HIGHEST SOCIAL REPUTATION IN GYM AND IS THIS ALL PRICE HEALTH WORTH? - CASE REPORT

Inconspicuous epidemic of anabolic steroids application among young recreational athletes contributes to a greater potential damaging of the overall cardiovascular and mental state of obsessed individuals. All of them turn to anabolic steroids without a rational concept and take them in big amounts with unbelievable irrational combinations (stacking) of anabolic steroids of wide spectrum and questionable quality from black market with the aim to satisfy their pathological obsession of subjectivity of muscle mass, strength and appearance. An examinee, 36 years old (with the height of 182 cm and the weight of 168 kg), recreational amateur power lifter comes to doctor because of the subjective hardships in the form of tiredness and occasional pain in chest area with exact location (on the level of sternum and pectoral muscles), denies retrosternal pain. Also, he reports dizziness and occasional leg pain. He suspects that he has insufficiency of artery peripheral circulation. Personally, he also names frequent insomnia, decrease of tolerance levels alongside tolerated aggressiveness and anger attacks with auto mutilation and periodical depression  Article visualizations

CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASS IN THE FUNCTION OF QUALITY REALIZATION OF THE CURRICULUM

The article presents various possibilities for the realization of the lesson and its structure (percentage of individual parts) that can be used in practice. The advantage of this approach and contribution is the possibility of different and more interesting planning and use of classes. This approach would avoid a long-lasting monotonous pattern in the realization of physical education classes. The approach to the realization of the lesson by the teacher and the student's adoption of teaching contents (teaching cycle) is in the function of innovation and a more interesting approach in school practice. Such possibilities are refreshing the performance of the lesson in relation to the previous classic articulation of the lesson, practicing students in teaching in this area.  Article visualizations

Analysis of the level of information, habits and knowledge of university students about the importance and relationship of physical activity and oral health

This study aimed to evaluate university students' awareness, habits, and knowledge concerning the relationship between physical activity and oral health as part of overall well-being. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 345 students from the University of East Sarajevo, comprising 132 males (38.26%) and 213 females (61.74%), aged 19 to 27. The survey included 20 closed-ended questions. Results revealed that 77.69% of participants were non-smokers, with every fifth participant reporting physical inactivity and 64.34% engaging in physical activity one to three times a week. A third of the students exercised for over 60 minutes, while 44.05% exercised for 15-45 minutes. Most respondents (53.91%) brushed their teeth twice daily, with 45.51% brushing for 2-3 minutes. Over half (55.36%) were aware of the positive effects of physical activity on both general and oral health. However, 26.96% were unaware that poor oral health could impact physical activity quality. Some students feared dental procedures (18.85%) or did not use supplementary oral hygiene products (10.72%). A smaller percentage (8.40%) would use performance-enhancing drugs, and 50.44% were unaware of their adverse effects on oral and overall health. Additionally, 28.92% did not know the importance of mouthguards in contact sports. While 42% knew that a knocked-out tooth can be reimplanted, only 30.14% knew how to do it. Most (89.28%) recognized the harmful effects of carbonated drinks on health. Over half (59.13%) changed their toothbrush every three months, and 49.86% visited the dentist only when necessary. The study concludes that students at the University of East Sarajevo have a commendable level of knowledge regarding the relationship between physical activity and oral health

RACE WALKING: INVERSION OF FUNCTION FROM THE ASPECT OF SPEED AND RESULT SUCCESS

Race walking (RW) is a cyclic athletic discipline, of aerobic character, which is characterized by high intensity and high energy consumption. The result is correlated with the anthropological dimensions of the walker as well as good technical performance. The study includes 25 male students, third year of study, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in East Sarajevo. For the purposes of the research, the results of RW at 2km (criterion variable) were measured, on the basis of which average values of walking speed (WS) were calculated. The aim of the research was to determine the correlation between the achieved result depending on the walking speed. By applying the Pearson product of the correlation moment, the obtained results confirmed a significant and high correlation between the result and the walking speed (r = -0.988;

Moment Lyapunov exponents of the stochastic parametrical Hill’s equation

AbstractThe Lyapunov exponent and moment Lyapunov exponents of Hill’s equation with frequency and damping coefficient fluctuated by white noise stochastic process are investigated. A perturbation approach is used to obtain explicit expressions for these exponents in the presence of small intensity noises. The results are applied to the study of the almost-sure and the moment stability of the stationary solutions of the thin simply supported beam subjected to axial compressions and time-varying damping which are small intensity stochastic excitations

DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL FITNESS PROFILES OF ATHLETES IN CYCLIC ACTIVITIES (RUNNING, CYCLING, BIATHLON)

Endurance-type disciplines (running, cycling, biathlon) define the cyclic structure of an athlete's movements, which, in addition to functional parameters, also includes an adequate fitness profile. Based on the detection, analysis and evaluation of these parameters, it is possible to define the fitness profile of the competitors as well as possible mutual differences. The current case study analyzes the fitness profile of competitors of three different disciplines (middle and long distances, cycling, ski biathlon) of top-level competitors, members of national teams. The study was conducted: Uroš Gutić (UG) - runner middle and long distances, member of AK "Sarajevo" and the BIH athletic national team; Milan Milivojević (MM) – cyclist, member of Cycling club "Borac" Čačak (Serbia), and the member Serbian national team; Stefan Lopatić (SL) – ski biathlete, member SK "Romanija" Pale, and BIH national team. A total of 12 parameters were measured to assess the fitness profile (repetitive strength, explosive strength, speed and agility). The results recorded considerable homogeneity of the sample with mutual differences. In addition to mutual differences, all study participants are characterized by an extremely good fitness profile, as shown by the measurement results.  Article visualizations

THE INFLUENCE AND DIFFERENCES OF ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND MOTOR SKILLS IN TWO GENERATION STUDENTS IN THE ATHLETIC DISCIPLINE OF HIGH JUMP

Anthropometric characteristics, motor skills as well as good technical performance are very important in the result of the athletic discipline - High Jump. Aim: The aim of this research was to determine the impact and differences in morphological characteristics and motor skills in athletic discipline high jump, at both generations of students at the Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health. In a sample of 100 respondents, consisted of full-time second year students at the age of 20 years with ± of 6 months at the Faculty of Physical Education Sport and Health in Skopje. Divided into two groups 50 respondents in both generations surveyed - 2016 and 2018, research has been done. Methods: In our research for assessment of the morphological structure of the respondents, 14 morphological variables were used, and 5 motor variables for assessment of psychomotor abilities. The athletic discipline - high jump is used as a criterion variable. Results: From the obtained results of the regression analysis, we noticed that the morphological variables have a significant impact on the criterion variable - High Jump only in the first group of participants - 2016 generation (Q=0.008). Regarding the motor skills that were the subject of analysis in our research, we found that all five motor variables used as a test to test their abilities have a significant impact as a system on the criterion variable – High Jump (Q=0.000). According to the multivariate (MANOVA) and univariate analysis (ANOVA) of the results of both groups of entities, we noticed that both groups of respondents differ in their morphological characteristics and biomotor abilities (Q=0.000). Conclusion: Based on the results obtained from the applied research procedure, we came to the conclusion that the morphological structure of the respondents has a significant role in achieving greater height in аthletic discipline – High Jump. In terms of motor skills, we came to the conclusion that students should use the motor tests that were used in the research in the preparation phase, in order to be able to successfully meet the norm and achieve better results in the High Jump. The differences between the respondents would be smaller if they pay more attention to the preparation for the fulfillment of the norm in this athletic discipline, because from our experience so far we can say that is the most difficult athletic disciplines for students. Article visualizations