Histamin u ribi dostupnoj na tržištu Srbije u 2018. godini

Histamine is a biogen amin, which is formed by decarboxylation of the histidine amino acid, under the action of the L-histidine-decarboxylase enzyme. High level of free histidine in fish meat, bacterial histidin decarboxylase activity and high temperature of storage elevate the level of histamine. Among the most important factors that can affect the level of histamine in fish meat are the type of fish and the method of its preservation. In order to determine this dependence, 1030 samples of frozen fish (tuna, mackerel, sardines and sprat) and 167 samples of canned fish (tuna, sardines and mackerel) were monitored for histamine content by ELISA method. It was determined a lower concentration of histamine in frozen fish (from 5.71 mg/kg to 18.03 mg/kg) compared to canned fish (from 15.03 mg/kg to 110.6 mg/kg). The highest histamine concentrations were found in the mackerel samples, regardless of the preservation method (110.6 mg/kg in canned mackerel and 18.03 mg/kg in frozen mackerel), which were significantly higher compared to the histamine levels found in cans of tuna and sardines (p ˂0.0001). Of the total number of samples, three samples (two samples of canned sardines and one sample of canned mackerel) were declared unsafe for human health. In most of the analyzed samples, the level of determined histamine was relatively low, which confirms adequate implementation of control protocols and efficant surveillance of products placed on the Serbian market.Histamin je bioaktivni amin, koji nastaje u reakciji dekarboksilacije aminokiseline histidina, pod dejstvom enzima Lhistidin dekarboksilaze. Visok nivo slobodnog histidina u mesu ribe, aktivnost enzim produkujućih bakterija i visoke temperature skladištenja deluju predisponirajuće na sintezu histamina. Među najznačajnije faktore koji utiču na koncentraciju histamina u mesu ribe jesu vrsta ribe i metod njenog konzervisanja. U cilju utvrđivanja ove zavisnosti, uzorci zamrznute ribe (tune, skuše, sardine i papaline) i ribe u konzervi (tune, sardine i skuše) su analizirani ELISA metodom. Utvrđene su niže koncentracije histamina u uzorcima zamrznute ribe (od 5.71 mg/kg do 18.03 mg/kg) u poređenju sa konzervama od ribe (od 15.03 mg/kg do 110.6 mg/kg). Najviše koncentracije histamina su ustanovljene u uzorcima skuše, bez obzira na metod konzervisanja (110.6 mg/kg u konzervama od skuše i 18.03 mg/kg u zamrznutoj skuši), koje su bile i statistički značajno veće u odnosu na konzerve tune i konzerve sardine (p ˂0.0001). Od ukupnog broja uzoraka, samo tri uzorka (dva uzorka sardine u konzervi i jedan uzorak skuše u konzervi) su proglašeni nebezbednim za zdravlje ljudi. U najvećem broju ispitanih uzoraka izmerene su relativno niske koncentracije histamina, što ukazuje na adekvatno sprovođenje kontrole i nadzora nad proizvodima koji se plasiraju u promet na srpskom tržištu

Političke institucije i ekonomska politika - empirijski nalazi (2)

The article is the second part of the study the examines how political institutions affect economics policy notably, fiscal policy (the first part of the article was printed in the previous volume of Godišnjak FPN). In this part, we give results for the remaining four indicators that make up the power index - executive flexibility during execution, sufficient time for scrutiny and discussion, assembly committee capacity, and access to budgetary information. In the end of the article we put our findings in the comparative perspective.Tekst predstavlja drugi deo naše studije o empirijskoj analizi zakona koji regulišu odnose između parlamenta i izvršnog tela u vođenju ekonomske, pogotovo fiskalne politike (prvi deo štampan je u prethodnom broj Godišnjaka FPN). U drugom delu iznosimo rezultate vezane za četiri preostala empirijska indikatora koji čine indeks moći - fleksibilnost izvršne vlasti tokom izvršenja budžeta, vreme za podnošenje budžeta i vreme za raspravu, kapacitet skupštinskih odbora, pristup informacijama o budžetu. Na kraju teksta rezultate, dobijene našim istraživanjem, stavljamo u uporednu perspektivu

Scarabidae - prelazni domaćini za macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus

Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infestation is parasitosis caused by Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus Adult forms parasite in small intestine of swine. Development of parasite is happening through intermediate hosts - coleopteras from Scarabaeidae family (Melolontha vulgaris, Cetonia aurata, Polyphilla fullo, Anomalia vitis etc). Infection begins when swines ingest infected coleopteras. Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infestation is encountered in swines in extensive breeding, as well as in wild boars.Makrakantorinhoza je parazitoza uzrokovana akantocefalom Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus. Odrasli paraziti parazitiraju u tankim crevima svinja. Razvoj parazita se odvija preko prelaznih domaćina - koleoptera iz familije Scarabidae (Melolontha vulgaris, Cetonia aurata, Polyphilla fullo, Anomalia vitis i dr). Infekcija nastaje kada svinje pojedu zaražene koleoptere. Makrakantorinhoza se sreće kod svinja u ekstenzivnom držanju, kao i kod divqih svinja

Comparison between Carotid Artery Wall Thickness Measured by Multidetector Row Computed Tomography Angiography and Intimae-Media Thickness Measured by Sonography

The increased thickness of the carotid wall >1 mm is a significant predictor of coronary and cerebrovascular diseases. The purpose of our study was to assess the agreement between multidetector row computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) in measuring carotid artery wall thickness (CAWT) and color Doppler ultrasound (CD-US) in measuring intimae-media thickness (IMT). Eighty-nine patients (aged 35–81) were prospectively analyzed using a 64-detector MDCTA and a CD-US scanner. Continuous data were described as the mean value ± standard deviation, and were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Bland–Altman statistics were employed to measure the agreement between MDCTA and CD-US. CAWT ranged from 0.62 to 1.60 mm, with a mean value of 1.09 mm. IMT ranged from 0.60 to 1.55 mm, with a mean value of 1.06 mm. We observed an excellent agreement between CD-US and MDCTA in the evaluation of the common carotid artery thickness, with a bias between methods of 0.029 mm (which is a highly statistically important difference of absolute values [t = 43.289; p < 0.01] obtained by paired T test), and limits of agreement from 0.04 to 0.104. Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.9997 (95% CI 0.9996–0.9998; p < 0.01). We conclude that there is an excellent correlation between CAWT and IMT measurements obtained with the MDCTA and CD-US

Morphometric Analysis of Nonsclerosed Glomeruli Size and Connective Tissue Content during the Aging Process

Number of sclerotic glomeruli increases during the aging process. Consequently, majority of remained nonsclerosed glomeruli become hypertrophic and some of them sclerotic, too. The aim of this study was to quantify the size and connective tissue content of nonsclerosed glomeruli and to evaluate the percentage of hypertrophic ones in examined human cases during the aging. Material was right kidney's tissue of 30 cadavers obtained during routine autopsies. Cadavers were without previously diagnosed kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension, or any other systemic disease. Tissue specimens were routinely prepared for histological and morphometric analysis. Images of the histological slices were analyzed and captured under 400x magnification with digital camera. Further they were morphometrically and statistically analyzed with ImageJ and NCSS-PASS software. Multiple and linear regression of obtained morphometric parameters showed significant increase of glomerular connective tissue area and percentage. Cluster analysis showed the presence of two types of glomeruli. Second type was characterized with significantly larger size, connective tissue content, and significantly lower cellularity, in relation to the first type. Such glomeruli might be considered as hypertrophic. First type of glomeruli was predominant in younger cases, while second type of glomeruli was predominant in cases older than 55 years

Tick fauna of cattle in northeastern part of Serbia (Banat)

The present study was conducted in 30 cattle herd from the territory of Banat (Vojvodina) in the period of March to October 2019, during the grazing season was to established tick fauna in that arae. Ticks were collected from cattle and from pastures where they were grazed. The tick species and sex/gender were identified by morphometric characteristics. Relative abundance analysis revealed that the I. ricinus was absolutely dominant species found in 71.22%, followed by Haemaphysalis punctata (18.22%), Dermacentor marginatus (11.72%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (3.22%) and Rhipicephalus bursa (2.01%). On the pasture, however, the most common species was H. punctata, followed by I. ricinus, D. marginatus, R. sanguineus and R.bursa. Out of the total number of ticks collected, 53.65% were females and 46.35% were males. The sex ratio showed a higher number of females in four species (Ixodes ricinus, Haemaphysalis punctata, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Dermacentor marginatus), while higher number of males were detected in Rhipicephalus bursa. The population dynamics of recorded tick species showed two annual maxima, in spring (April-May) and in autumn (September-October). The considerable interchange between spring and autumn tick populations can be attributed mainly to environmental conditions

Redox Parameters in Blood of Thyroid Cancer Patients After the Radioiodine Ablation

The radioactive iodine (I-131) ablation is a well-accepted treatment modality for differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Unfortunately, the radiation induces the oxidative stress and damages cells and tissues, simultaneously activating the mechanisms of antioxidative defense. Since the mechanisms of those processes are not completely known, we wanted to examine the changes in the most important reactive oxygen species and antioxidative components, as well as their correlation and significance for lipid peroxidation. Our results showed that the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was increased during the first 30 days after the radiotherapy. Among antioxidant components, superoxide dismutase was increased in the 3rd and 30th day; catalase in 7th and reduced glutathione in 3rd and 7th day after the radiotherapy. As regards the prooxidants, the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was recorded in 7th and 30th day, and superoxide anion radical (O-2(center dot-)) was unchanged after the exposure to I-131. These results indicate that differentiated thyroid cancer patients are under constant oxidative stress despite the observed increase in antioxidative and reduction in prooxidative parameters. The understanding of these early processes is important since their progress determines the latter effects of I-131 therapy

Pharmacognostic investigation of underground parts of Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel (Apiaceae)

Predmet doktorske disertacije je analiza hemijskog sastava i ispitivanje farmakološke aktivnosti izolata (etarskih ulja, hloroformskog i metanolnog ekstrakta i metabolita) podzemnih organa srpske velestike, Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel (Apiaceae). Srpska velestika je endemična vrsta koja naseljava klisure i stenovite terene istočne Srbije, jugozapadne Rumunije i zapadne Bugarske. Ova vrsta do sada nije ispitivana u pogledu hemijskog sastava i farmakološke aktivnosti. Etarska ulja podzemnih organa F. heuffelii izolovana su iz uzoraka prikupljenih na tri lokaliteta u Republici Srbiji: Sićevačkoj klisuri, Đerdapskoj klisuri i klisuri reke Pek. Etarska ulja su izolovana destilacijom vodenom parom i hemijski okarakterisana metodama GC-FID i GC-MS. Etarsko ulje izolovano iz podzemnih organa poreklom iz Sićevačke klisure (F1) bilo je bogato seskviterpenima (48,7%) i fenilpropanima (17,0%), a glavni sastojak bio je elemicin (12,5%). Etarska ulja izolovana iz podzemnih organa prikupljenih u Đerdapskoj klisuri (F2) i klisuri reke Pek (F3), karakterisao je visok sadržaj fenilpropanskih jedinjenja (56,0 i 29,7%, redom), pri čemu su elemicin (35,4 i 16,8%, redom) i miristicin (20,6 i 12,9%, redom), bili najzastupljenije komponente. Razlike između ispitivanih etarskih ulja bile su pre svega kvantitativne prirode (...)The scope of this doctoral dissertation represents chemical analysis of underground parts of Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel (Apiaceae), and investigation of pharmacological activity of its isolates (chloroform and methanol extracts, essential oils and metabolites). Ferula heuffelii („srpska velestika“) is an endemic and rare perennial species which grows predominantly in gorges and stony places in Eastern Serbia, and locally in Southwestern Romania and Western Bulgaria. This plant has not been previously investigated for chemical composition and pharmacological activity. The essential oils of underground parts of F. heuffelii were isolated from the samples collected from three localities in Serbia: the Sićevo Gorge; the Djerdap Gorge and the gorge of the river Pek. The oils were isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS methods. The oil from underground parts obtained from the Sićevo gorge (F1) was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (48.7%) and phenylpropanoids (17%), and elemicin was the major constituent (12.5%). The oils isolated from underground parts collected in the Djerdap gorge (F2) and in the gorge of the river Pek (F3), were characterized by high content of phenylpropanoids (56.0 and 29.7%, respectively), with elemicin (35.4 and 16,8%, respectively) and myristicin (20.6 and 12,9%, respectively) being the main compounds. The differences in chemical composition between the essential oils were mainly quantitative (...

Measure to control of parasitic infections of swine in commercial farm

Parasitic infections cause significant losses to swine production in the farm system. Aim of our work is to presented measures to control parasitic infections at farms breeding swine. The basic measures that were developed and applied were: 1. Use the principles of good production and hygiene practices, 2. Management of the production process, 3. Parasitological diagnostics 4. Application of antiparasitic drugs 5. Strict compliance with biosecurity measures 6. General animal hygiene measures 7. Pest control and disinfection 8. Control of stray dogs and cats on the farm and control of birds 9. Removal of corpses 10. Removal of waste 11. Educational program. The application of this integrated control concept of parasite infection required systematic monitoring of infection on farms and slaughterhouses before and after the applied measures. During the control before the application of the measures, then six months later, the results obtained showed a reduction in the prevalence of parasitic infections by over 80%. Certainly, the complexity of the problem required the involvement of all relevant entities, primarily veterinary services, from farms to slaughterhouses