Optical stochastic cooling for RHIC using optical parametric amplification

We propose using an optical parametric amplifier, with a ∼12   μm wavelength, for optical-stochastic cooling of ^{79}Au ions in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. While the bandwidth of this amplifier is comparable to that of a Ti:sapphire laser, it has a higher average output power. Its wavelength is longer than that of the laser amplifiers previously considered for such an application. This longer wavelength permits a longer undulator period and higher magnetic field, thereby generating a larger signal from the pickup undulator and ensuring a more efficient interaction in the kicker undulator, both being essential elements in cooling moderately relativistic ions. The transition to a longer wavelength also relaxes the requirements for stability of the path length during ion-beam transport between pickup and kicker undulators

A SUB - PICOSECOND PULSED 5 MEV ELECTRON BEAM SYSTEM.

Laser excited pulsed, electron beam systems that operate at energies from 1 MeV up to 5 MeV and pulse width from 0.1 to 100 ps are described. The systems consist of a high voltage pulser and a coaxial laser triggered gas or liquid spark gap. The spark gap discharges into a pulse forming line designed to produce and maintain a flat voltage pulse for 1 ns duration on the cathode of a photodiode. A synchronized laser is used to illuminate the photocathode with a laser pulse to produce an electron beam with very high brightness, short duration and current at or near the space charge limit. Operation of the system is described and preliminary test measurements of voltages, synchronization and jitter are presented for a 5 MeV system. Applications in chemistry, and accelerator research are briefly discussed

ПЕРИНАТАЛЬНІ ЧИННИКИ РИЗИКУ У ПРОГНОЗУВАННІ РОЗВИТКУ ІНФЕКЦІЙНОЇ ПАТОЛОГІЇ У НОВОНАРОДЖЕНИХ

В статье представлено прогностические факторы развития перинатальной инфекционной патологии у новорожденных раннего неонатального периода на основании изучения анте- и интранатальных факторов риска, клинических особенностей раннего неонатального периода, морфометрических показателей плаценты.В статье представлено прогностические факторы развития перинатальной инфекционной патологии у новорожденных раннего неонатального периода на основании изучения анте- и интранатальных факторов риска, клинических особенностей раннего неонатального периода, морфометрических показателей плаценты.В статті представлені предиктори розвитку перинатальної інфекційної патології у новонароджених раннього неонатального періоду на підставі вивчення анте- та інтранатальних факторів ризику, клінічних особливостей раннього неонатального періоду та морфометричних показників плаценти

Opportunities short hospital stay (day sergery) in abdominal surgery

Широкое внедрение лапароскопических технологий в абдоминальной хирургии началось с конца XX века. Уменьшение травматичности доступа явилось предпосылкой к сокращению длительности послеоперационного реабилитационного периода. Как следствие, сокращаются сроки стационарного лечения. С 2009–2011 гг. в ВМКЦ ЮР 603 пациента прошли лечение в хирургическом стационаре по программе " хирургии одного дня". Выполнены следующие лапароскопические вмешательства: 442 холецистэктомии, 125 аппендэктомий, 4 крурорафии с фундопликацией по Ниссен, 14 герниопластик паховых грыж, 15 герниопластик вентральных грыж, 3 операции по поводу некроза жирового подвеска. Использование лапароскопических технологий предельно сокращает стационарное лечение пациентов, что позволяет более эффективно использовать мощности хирургических стационаров.Широке застосування лапароскопічних технологій в абдомінальній хірургії почалося з кінця XX століття. Зменшення травматичності доступу дало можливість скоротити тривалість реабілітації в післяопераційному періоді. Як наслідок, скоротились строки стаціонарного лікування. У період 2009–2011 рр. у ВМКЦ ПР 603 пацієнта пройшли лікування в хірургічному стаціонарі по програмі "хірургії одного дня". Виконані наступні лапароскопічні втручання: 442 холецистектомії, 125 аппендектомій, 4 крурорафії з фундоплікацією за Ніссеном, 14 герніопластик пахових гриж, 15 герніопластик вентральних гриж, 3 операції з приводу некрозу жирового підвіска товстої кишки. Використання лапароскопічних технологій максимально скорочує стаціонарне лікування пацієнтів, що дозволяє ефективно використовувати потужності хірургічних стаціонарів.Wide introduction of laparoscopic technologis in abdominal surgery begun at the end of XX century. Reduction of damage of surgical access was the precondition to reduction of duration of the inpatient department. In 2009–2011 years 604 laparoscopic operations performed in "short term department". Performed laparoscopic operations: 442 cholecystectomies, 125 appendectomies, 4 Nissen fundoplications with reconstruction of the diaphragmatic hiatus, 14 hernia repairs of inguinal hernias, 15 hernia repair of ventral hernias, 3 surgeries for necrosis of appenditial epiploiceas. The use of laparoscopic techniques ultimately reduces inpatient department, allow more efficient use of surgical hospitals power

Pseudoresonant laser wakefield acceleration driven by 10.6-μm laser light

This paper describes an experiment to demonstrate, for the first time, laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), driven by 10.6-μm light from a CO2 laser. This experiment is also noteworthy because it will operate in a pseudoresonant LWFA regime, in which the laser-pulse-length is too long for resonant LWFA, but too short for self-modulated LWFA. Nonetheless, high acceleration gradients are still possible. This experiment builds upon an earlier experiment called staged electron laser acceleration (STELLA), where efficient trapping and monoenergetic laser acceleration of electrons were demonstrated using inverse free electron lasers. The aim is to apply the STELLA approach of laser-driven microbunch formation followed by laser-driven trapping and acceleration to LWFA. These capabilities are important for a practical electron linear accelerator based upon LWFA. © 2005 IEEE

Pseudoresonant laser wakefield acceleration driven by 10.6-μm laser light

This paper describes an experiment to demonstrate, for the first time, laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), driven by 10.6-μm light from a CO2 laser. This experiment is also noteworthy because it will operate in a pseudoresonant LWFA regime, in which the laser-pulse-length is too long for resonant LWFA, but too short for self-modulated LWFA. Nonetheless, high acceleration gradients are still possible. This experiment builds upon an earlier experiment called staged electron laser acceleration (STELLA), where efficient trapping and monoenergetic laser acceleration of electrons were demonstrated using inverse free electron lasers. The aim is to apply the STELLA approach of laser-driven microbunch formation followed by laser-driven trapping and acceleration to LWFA. These capabilities are important for a practical electron linear accelerator based upon LWFA. © 2005 IEEE

Inverse free electron lasers and laser wakefield acceleration driven by CO2 lasers.

The staged electron laser acceleration (STELLA) experiment demonstrated staging between two laser-driven devices, high trapping efficiency of microbunches within the accelerating field and narrow energy spread during laser acceleration. These are important for practical laser-driven accelerators. STELLA used inverse free electron lasers, which were chosen primarily for convenience. Nevertheless, the STELLA approach can be applied to other laser acceleration methods, in particular, laser-driven plasma accelerators. STELLA is now conducting experiments on laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA). Two novel LWFA approaches are being investigated. In the first one, called pseudo-resonant LWFA, a laser pulse enters a low-density plasma where nonlinear laser/plasma interactions cause the laser pulse shape to steepen, thereby creating strong wakefields. A witness e-beam pulse probes the wakefields. The second one, called seeded self-modulated LWFA, involves sending a seed e-beam pulse into the plasma to initiate wakefield formation. These wakefields are amplified by a laser pulse following shortly after the seed pulse. A second e-beam pulse (witness) follows the seed pulse to probe the wakefields. These LWFA experiments will also be the first ones driven by a CO(2) laser beam

Update on seeded SM-LWFA and pseudo-resonant LWFA experiments - (STELLA-LW)

The Staged Electron Laser Acceleration - Laser Wakefield (STELLA-LW) experiment is investigating two new methods for laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) using the TW CO2 laser available at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Accelerator Test Facility. The first is seeded self-modulated LWFA where an ultrashort electron bunch (seed) precedes the laser pulse to generate a wakefield that the laser pulse subsequently amplifies. The second is pseudo-resonant LWFA where nonlinear pulse steepening of the laser pulse occurs in the plasma allowing the laser pulse to generate significant wakefields. The status of these experiments is reviewed. Evidence of wakefield generation caused by the seed bunches has been obtained as well as preliminary energy gain measurements of a witness bunch following the seeds. Comparison with a 1-D linear model for the wakefield generation appears to agree with the data. © 2006 American Institute of Physics