A atuação da Área Industrial do BNDES na Região Sul

Bibliografia: p. 102-103.Neste capítulo, são apresentados resumos setoriais, cases empresariais e discussões prospectivas relativos a alguns dos vários setores em que a Área Industrial (AI) do BNDES atua, por exemplo, automotivo, sucroenergético, complexo industrial da saúde, de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs), de bens de capital, comércio, serviços e cultura. Defende-se que o peso da indústria na Região Sul dá origem a um quadro complexo e diversificado, o que faz com que a AI do BNDES atue de modo igualmente complexo em seu esforço de promoção do desenvolvimento econômico.In this chapter, we present sectorial summaries, corporate case studies and prospective discussions on some of the many sectors in which the BNDES’ Industrial Division (AI) operates, for example, automotive, sugar-based ethanol, industrial health, information and communication technologies (ICTs), capital goods, trade, services and culture. It defends that the strength of industry in the South region of Brazil gives rise to complex and diversified circumstances, which result in the AI division operating in an equally complex manner in its efforts to boost economic development

Role of rutin in 5-Fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis : prevention of histological damage and reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress

Intestinal mucositis, characterized by inflammatory and/or ulcerative processes in the gastrointestinal tract, occurs due to cellular and tissue damage following treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Rutin (RUT), a natural flavonoid extracted from Dimorphandra gardneriana, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and gastroprotective properties. However, the effect of RUT on inflammatory processes in the intestine, especially on mucositis promoted by antineoplastic agents, has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the role of RUT on 5-FU-induced experimental intestinal mucositis. Swiss mice were randomly divided into seven groups: Saline, 5-FU, RUT-50, RUT-100, RUT-200, Celecoxib (CLX), and CLX + RUT-200 groups. The mice were weighed daily. After treatment, the animals were euthanized and segments of the small intestine were collected to evaluate histopathological alterations (morphometric analysis); malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH) concentrations; mast and goblet cell counts; and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, as well as to perform immunohistochemical analyses. RUT treatment (200 mg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced histopathological changes and reduced oxidative stress by decreasing MDA concentrations and increasing GSH concentrations. RUT attenuated the inflammatory response by decreasing MPO activity, intestinal mastocytosis, and COX-2 expression. These results suggest that the COX-2 pathway is one of the underlying protective mechanisms of RUT against 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis

Protective Effect of Cashew Gum (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis

Intestinal mucositis is a common complication associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic agent used for cancer treatment. Cashew gum (CG) has been reported as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of CG extracted from the exudate of Anacardium occidentale L. on experimental intestinal mucositis induced by 5-FU. Swiss mice were randomly divided into seven groups: Saline, 5-FU, CG 30, CG 60, CG 90, Celecoxib (CLX), and CLX + CG 90 groups. The weight of mice was measured daily. After treatment, the animals were euthanized and segments of the small intestine were collected to evaluate histopathological alterations (morphometric analysis), levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH), and immunohistochemical analysis of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1&#946;) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). 5-FU induced intense weight loss and reduction in villus height compared to the saline group. CG 90 prevented 5-FU-induced histopathological changes and decreased oxidative stress through decrease of MDA levels and increase of GSH concentration. CG attenuated inflammatory process by decreasing MPO activity, intestinal mastocytosis, and COX-2 expression. Our findings suggest that CG at a concentration of 90 mg/kg reverses the effects of 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis

Role of rutin in 5-Fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis : prevention of histological damage and reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress

Intestinal mucositis, characterized by inflammatory and/or ulcerative processes in the gastrointestinal tract, occurs due to cellular and tissue damage following treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Rutin (RUT), a natural flavonoid extracted from Dimorphandra gardneriana, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and gastroprotective properties. However, the effect of RUT on inflammatory processes in the intestine, especially on mucositis promoted by antineoplastic agents, has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the role of RUT on 5-FU-induced experimental intestinal mucositis. Swiss mice were randomly divided into seven groups: Saline, 5-FU, RUT-50, RUT-100, RUT-200, Celecoxib (CLX), and CLX + RUT-200 groups. The mice were weighed daily. After treatment, the animals were euthanized and segments of the small intestine were collected to evaluate histopathological alterations (morphometric analysis); malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH) concentrations; mast and goblet cell counts; and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, as well as to perform immunohistochemical analyses. RUT treatment (200 mg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced histopathological changes and reduced oxidative stress by decreasing MDA concentrations and increasing GSH concentrations. RUT attenuated the inflammatory response by decreasing MPO activity, intestinal mastocytosis, and COX-2 expression. These results suggest that the COX-2 pathway is one of the underlying protective mechanisms of RUT against 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis

Troxerutin Prevents 5-Fluorouracil Induced Morphological Changes in the Intestinal Mucosa: Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 Pathway

Intestinal mucositis is a common complication associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic agent used for cancer treatment. Troxerutin (TRX), a semi-synthetic flavonoid extracted from Dimorphandra gardneriana, has been reported as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of TRX on 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. Swiss mice were randomly divided into seven groups: Saline, 5-FU, TRX-50, TRX-100, TRX-150, Celecoxib (CLX), and CLX + TRX-100. The weight of mice was measured daily. After treatment, the animals were euthanized and segments of the small intestine were collected to evaluate histopathological alterations (morphometric analysis), levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), mast and goblet cell counts, immunohistochemical analysis, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Compared to the saline treatment, the 5-FU treatment induced intense weight loss and reduction in villus height. TRX treatment (100 mg/kg) prevented the 5-FU-induced histopathological changes and decreased oxidative stress by decreasing the MDA levels and increasing GSH concentration. TRX attenuated inflammatory process by decreasing MPO activity, intestinal mastocytosis, and COX-2 expression. TRX also reversed the depletion of goblet cells. Our findings suggest that TRX at a concentration of 100 mg/kg had chemopreventive effects on 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis via COX-2 pathway

IV Consenso Brasileiro sobre a infecção por Helicobacter pylori

Significant progress has been obtained since the III Brazilian Consensus Conference on H. pylori infection held in 2012, in Bento Gonçalves, Brazil, and justify a fourth meeting to establish updated guidelines on the current management of H. pylori infection. Therefore, the Núcleo Brasileiro para Estudo do Helicobacter pylori e Microbiota (NBEHPM), association linked to Brazilian Federation of Gastroenterology (FBG) held its fourth meeting again in Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil, on August 25-27, 2017. Twenty-six delegates, including gastroenterologists, endoscopists, and pathologists from the five regions of Brazil as well as one international guest from the United States, participated in the meeting. The participants were invited based on their knowledge and contribution to the study of H. pylori infection. The meeting sought to review different aspects of treatment for infection; establish a correlation between infection, dyspepsia, intestinal microbiota changes, and other disorders with a special emphasis on gastric cancer; and reassess the epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of H. pylori infection. Participants were allocated into four groups as follows: 1) Epidemiology and Diagnosis, 2) Dyspepsia, intestinal microbiota and other afections, 3) Gastric Cancer, and, 4) Treatment. Before the consensus meeting, participants received a topic to be discussed and prepared a document containing a recent literature review and statements that should be discussed and eventually modified during the face-to-face meeting. All statements were evaluated in two rounds of voting. Initially, each participant discussed the document and statements with his group for possible modifications and voting. Subsequently, during a second voting in a plenary session in the presence of all participants, the statements were voted upon and eventually modified. The participants could vote using five alternatives: 1) strongly agree; 2) partially agree; 3) undecided; 4) disagree; and 5) strongly disagree. The adopted consensus index was that 80% of the participants responded that they strongly or partially agreed with each statement. The recommendations reported are intended to provide the most current and relevant evidences to management of H. pylori infection in adult population in Brazil.Os avanços significativos ocorridos desde o III Consenso Brasileiro sobre H. pylori realizado em 2012, em Bento Gonçalves, justificam este quarto consenso. O evento foi organizado pelo Núcleo Brasileiro para Estudo do Helicobacter e Microbiota, associação vinculada à Federação Brasileira de Gastroenterologia, tendo sido realizado novamente em Bento Gonçalves, RS, nos dias 25 a 27 de agosto de 2017. Participaram 26 delegados provenientes das cinco regiões brasileiras incluindo gastroenterologistas, endoscopistas e patologistas, além de um convidado internacional (EUA). Os participantes foram convidados pelo conhecimento e contribuição ao estudo da infecção por H. pylori. O encontro buscou rever diferentes aspectos relacionados ao tratamento da infecção, suas inter-relações com a dispepsia, microbiota e outras afecções, com ênfase especial ao câncer gástrico, além de promover uma reavaliação dos aspectos epidemiológicos e diagnósticos desta infecção. Os participantes foram alocados em quatro grupos, a saber: 1) Epidemiologia e diagnóstico, 2) Dispepsia, microbiota e outras afecções, 3) Neoplasias gástricas, e 4) Tratamento. Previamente à reunião do Consenso, os participantes receberam um tema a ser discutido e elaboraram texto com uma revisão recente da literatura, contendo uma assertiva de sua revisão. Todas as assertivas foram avaliadas em dois turnos de votação. Inicialmente, cada participante apresentava sua compilação e assertiva ao seu grupo, para eventuais modificações e votação. Posteriormente, em uma segunda votação, agora em sessão plenária, as assertivas eram novamente votadas e eventualmente modificadas. As votações obedeceram a cinco alternativas: 1) concorda fortemente; 2) concorda com reservas; 3) indeciso; 4) discorda e; 5) discorda fortemente. O índice de consenso adotado para cada afirmativa foi de 80% dos votantes respondendo que concorda fortemente ou concorda com reservas. As recomendações aqui apresentadas foram baseadas nas evidências científicas mais relevantes para o manuseio da infecção por H. pylori na população adulta no Brasil.ASSUMPÇÃO, P. P. Universidade Federal do Par