1 research outputs found
Experimental Review of DNA-Based Methods for Wine Traceability and Development of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Genotyping Assay for Quantitative Varietal Authentication
The
genetic varietal authentication of wine was investigated according
to DNA isolation procedures reported for enological matrices and also
by testing 11 commercial extraction kits and various protocol modifications.
Samples were collected at different stages of the winemaking process
of renowned Italian wines Brunello di Montalcino, Lambruschi Modenesi,
and Trento DOC. Results demonstrated not only that grape DNA loss
is produced by the fermentation process but also that clarification
and stabilization operations contribute to the reduction of double-stranded
DNA content on wine. Despite the presence of inhibitors, downstream
PCR genotyping yielded reliable nuclear and chloroplast SSR markers
for must samples, whereas no amplification or inconsistent results
were obtained at later stages of the vinification. In addition, a
TaqMan genotyping assay based on cultivar-specific single-nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) was designed, which allowed assessment of grapevine
DNA mixtures. Once the wine matrix limitations are overcome, this
sensitive tool may be implemented for the relative quantification
of cultivars used for blend wines or frauds