933 research outputs found
Perfectionism and therapeutic alliance: a review of the clinical research
In this review, we synthesize findings regarding the relationship between perfectionism and therapeutic alliance, most of which come from analyses by Blatt and colleagues. Results suggest what follows. First, patients’ initial level of perfectionism negatively affects patients’ bond with therapists and perception of therapists’ Rogerian attributes (empathy, congruence, and regard) early in treatment and engagement in therapy later in treatment. Second, therapists’ contribution to alliance is not seemingly affected by patients’ initial perfectionism level. Third, individual patients of therapists who are perceived on average by their patients to be higher on Rogerian attributes experience greater decreases in perfectionism and symptoms. Fourth, more positive perceptions of therapists’ Rogerian attributes early in treatment lead to greater symptom decrease for patients with moderate perfectionism. Fifth, greater early patient engagement in therapy is related to greater decrease in perfectionism, but a strong relationship with the therapist may be necessary for an accompanied greater decrease in symptoms. The relationship between pre-treatment perfectionism and alliance is partially explained by higher levels of hostility and lower levels of positive affect. Sixth, the relationship between pre-treatment perfectionism and outcome is almost entirely explained by level of patient contribution to alliance and satisfaction with social network, highlighting the importance of focusing on social functioning for patients with high perfectionism (both in and outside of the session). Limitations include that most of the findings are from analyses of one large data set and a range of measurement issues. Future research should utilize different measures, perspectives, and populations and examine specific session process
PMN J1632-0033: A new gravitationally lensed quasar
We report the discovery of a gravitationally lensed quasar resulting from our
survey for lenses in the southern sky. Radio images of PMN J1632-0033 with the
VLA and ATCA exhibit two compact, flat-spectrum components with separation
1.47" and flux density ratio 13.2. Images with the HST reveal the optical
counterparts to the radio components and also the lens galaxy. An optical
spectrum of the bright component, obtained with the first Magellan telescope,
reveals quasar emission lines at redshift 3.42. Deeper radio images with MERLIN
and the VLBA reveal a faint third radio component located near the center of
the lens galaxy, which is either a third image of the background quasar or
faint emission from the lens galaxy.Comment: 21 pp., including 4 figures; thoroughly revised in light of new
MERLIN/HST data; accepted for publication in A
PMN J1838-3427: A new gravitationally lensed quasar
We report the discovery of a new double-image quasar that was found during a
search for gravitational lenses in the southern sky. Radio source PMN
J1838-3427 is composed of two flat-spectrum components with separation 1", flux
density ratio 14:1 and matching spectral indices, in VLA and VLBA images.
Ground-based BRI images show the optical counterpart (total I=18.6) is also
double with the same separation and position angle as the radio components. An
HST/WFPC2 image reveals the lens galaxy. The optical flux ratio (27:1) is
higher than the radio value probably due to differential extinction of the
components by the lens galaxy. An optical spectrum of the bright component
contains quasar emission lines at z=2.78 and several absorption features,
including prominent Ly-alpha absorption. The lens galaxy redshift could not be
measured but is estimated to be z=0.36 +/- 0.08. The image configuration is
consistent with the simplest plausible models for the lens potential. The flat
radio spectrum and observed variability of PMN J1838-3427 suggest the time
delay between flux variations of the components is measurable, and could thus
provide an independent measurement of H_0.Comment: 23 pages, incl. 6 figures, to appear in A.J.; replaced with accepted
version; minor changes to text, improved figure
A nearly symmetric double-image gravitational lens
We report the discovery of a new double-image gravitational lens resulting
from our search for lenses in the southern sky. Radio source PMN J2004-1349 is
composed of two compact components separated by 1.13 arcseconds in VLA, MERLIN
and VLBA images. The components have a flux ratio of 1:1 at radio frequencies
ranging from 5 GHz to 22 GHz. The I-band optical counterpart is also an equal
double, with roughly the same separation and position angle as the radio
double. Upon subtraction of the components from the I-band image, we identify a
dim pattern of residuals as the lens galaxy. While the present observations are
sufficient to establish that J2004-1349 is a gravitational lens, additional
information will be necessary (such as the redshifts of the galaxy and quasar,
and precise astrometry and photometry of the lens galaxy) before constructing
detailed mass models.Comment: 17 pp., 5 bitmapped figs. (contact [email protected] for nicer figs), in
press, A.J. (substantially revised
Perfectionism and psychological distress: A modeling approach to understanding their therapeutic relationship
The present study assessed the effectiveness of a web-based psychoeducational intervention protocol for decreasing levels of perfectionism and psychological distress. Different levels of therapeutic intervention (no treatment, general stress management intervention, general stress management intervention plus cognitive behavioral intervention) were provided to perfectionistic participants over a 10-week period. It was found via a longitudinal structural equation model that higher levels of therapeutic intervention predicted greater improvements in perfectionism and psychological distress. Further, amount of improvement in trait perfectionism and perfectionistic automatic thoughts was highly related to amount of improvement in psychological distress. The findings attest to the potential usefulness of a web-based intervention that combines a general stress management intervention with a cognitive behavioral intervention.Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC
Why does perfectionism confer risk for depressive symptoms? A meta-analytic test of the mediating role of stress and social disconnection
Prognostic value of lymphocyte vascular density and e-cadherin in inflammatory breast cancer
Background: We recently evaluated four laboratory assays, vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D), E-cadherin, lymphatic vessel density (LVD) measured by podoplanin, and intra-lymphatic tumor emboli (ILTE), which showed notable differences between inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and non-inflammatory locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). In this study we investigated the potential of the three most quantitatively measured markers, E-cadherin, LVD and VEGF-D, to predict survival in the IBC patients.
Materials and Methods: This study involved the 100 cases identified in the Inflammatory Breast Cancer Registry (IBCR) whose tumors were previously evaluated for the four assays noted above. Living patients were recontacted and survival data were available for up to 17 years. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed through the Kaplan-Meier method stratified by E-cadherin, LVD, VEGF-D, and response to chemotherapy. The differences in OS curves were compared using the log-rank test.
Results: The median OS for patients with high LVD was 6.63 years (95% CI: 4.06 to 10.14), compared to median at 10 years not reached in those with low LVD (p = 0.03). There was a trend towards a longer median OS in patients with high E-cadherin (10.14, 95% CI: 6.63 to 11.67), compared with those with low E-cadherin (6.26, 95% CI: 3.42 to undeterminable). VEGF-D levels showed no correlation with survival.
Conclusion: Low LVD significantly predicts better survival. High E-cadherin expression, as with non-IBC breast cancer and several other malignancies, tends to be associated with a better prognosis
Dynamic changes in perfectionism dimensions and psychological distress among adolescents assessed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
This prospective longitudinal study evaluated changes in psychological distress among adolescents, pre-pandemic to
intra-pandemic, the extent to which within-person and between person differences in trait multidimensional perfectionism were associated with such changes, and the role of stress in explaining associations between perfectionism and psychological
distress. Adolescents (N = 187; 80% female; 78% White, 7% Asian Canadian, 2% Indigenous Peoples in Canada, 2% Black or African Canadian, 2% Latin Canadian, or 9% Other; Mage = 17.96 years) completed online surveys assessing perfectionism (i.e., self-oriented [SOP] and socially prescribed perfectionism [SPP]), depression, anxiety, and stress pre-pandemic (i.e.,
March 12th, 2020 or earlier) and during Ontario, Canada’s first (i.e., March 13th, 2020 to July 24th, 2020) and second (December 26th, 2020 to February 7th, 2021) government-mandated lockdowns. Between-person differences and within-person changes in multidimensional trait perfectionism were associated with increases in psychological distress and perceived stress.
Perceived stress served as an intermediary pathway linking multidimensional trait perfectionism to psychological distress during the pandemic
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