Expansion of radio galaxies in a cosmologically evolving medium: Possible implications for the cosmic star-formation history

We compare earlier estimates of the volumes filled by lobes of radio galaxies during the quasar era based upon non-evolving ambient media with new ones assuming a strong cosmological evolution of the ambient medium. If the sources remain active for over 10^8 years the volumes filled by them are found to be comparable for the two scenarios. This strengthens our earlier inference that much of the cosmic web of gaseous filaments, the site of galaxy formation, was probably permeated by radio lobes during the quasar era and this could have triggered extensive star formation and made large contributions to the spread of magnetic fields and metals through the universe by z ~ 2.Comment: To appear in Bull. Astron. Soc. India; 10 pages, 3 Figures, basi.sty LaTex fil

Effects due to unconventional pairing in transport through a normal metalsuperconductor-normal metal hybrid junction

We explore transport properties of a normal metal-superconductor-normal metal (NSN) junction, where the superconducting region supports mixed singlet and chiral triplet pairings. We show that in the subgapped regime when the chiral triplet pairing amplitude dominates over that of the singlet, a resonance phenomena emerges out where all the quantum mechanical scattering probabilities acquire a value of 0.25. At the resonance, crossed Andreev reflection mediating through such junction, acquires a zero energy peak. This reflects as a zero energy peak in the conductance as well in the topological phase when $\Delta_p > \Delta_s$.Comment: Conference Proceeding

Occurrence of pinjalo snapper, Pinjalo pinjalo in the fishery of Maharashtra

On 06.12.03, ten numbers of pinjalo snapper. Pinjalo pinjalo were landed in the trawl catches at the New Ferry Wharf,Mumbai. Later two more numbers were recorded from Sassoon Dock, Mumbai on 11.12.03. The depth of fishing was 40-60 m in the fishing grounds off southwest of Mumabi

Report on a baleen whale stranded at Colaba, Mumbai

The carcass of a baleen whale was washed ashore on the Pilot Bunder beach at Colaba, Mumbai at 11 P.M. on 14.02.06 in a highly putrefied condition. The carcass measured approximately 9.12 m and weighed about 15 tons

A study to assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention and management of acute respiratory infection among mothers of children 0-5 years in selected hospital in Siliguri

Background: In developing countries like India acute respiratory infection (ARI) contributes in child mortality upto 75% and out of 10, 7 deaths are due to ARI. The knowledge of the mothers towards the disease is a significant determinant of child’s health.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study included 100 mothers of children 0-5 years admitted in pediatric ward and postnatal ward in selected hospital Siliguri during the year 2022 in the month of March. Data was collected using structured interview method.Results: 20% of mothers have good knowledge in prevention and 33% had good knowledge in management of ARI.Conclusions: As the leading cause of death among children, knowledge assessment about ARI among the mothers is very important, which helps for better understanding of the intensity of the problem

Nanomedicines for the management of diabetic nephropathy: present progress and prospects

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM), posing an encumbrance to public health worldwide. Control over the onset and progress of DN depend heavily on early detection and effective treatment. DN is a major contributor to end-stage renal disease, and a complete cure is yet to be achieved with currently available options. Though some therapeutic molecules have exhibited promise in treating DN complications, their poor solubility profile, low bioavailability, poor permeation, high therapeutic dose and associated toxicity, and low patient compliance apprehend their clinical usefulness. Recent research has indicated nano-systems as potential theranostic platforms displaying futuristic promise in the diagnosis and treatment of DN. Early and accurate diagnosis, site-specific delivery and retention by virtue of ligand conjugation, and improved pharmacokinetic profile are amongst the major advantages of nano-platforms, defining their superiority. Thus, the emergence of nanoparticles has offered fresh approaches to the possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies regarding DN. The present review corroborates an updated overview of different types of nanocarriers regarding potential approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of DN

Temporal progression of tau pathology and neuroinflammation in a rhesus monkey model of Alzheimer's disease

IntroductionThe understanding of the pathological events in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has advanced dramatically, but the successful translation from rodent models into efficient human therapies is still problematic.MethodsTo examine how tau pathology can develop in the primate brain, we injected 12 macaques with a dual tau mutation (P301L/S320F) into the entorhinal cortex (ERC). An investigation was performed using high-resolution microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and fluid biomarkers to determine the temporal progression of the pathology 3 and 6 months after the injection.ResultsUsing quantitative microscopy targeting markers for neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, as well as fluid and imaging biomarkers, we detailed the progression of misfolded tau spreading and the consequential inflammatory response induced by glial cells.DiscussionBy combining the analysis of several in vivo biomarkers with extensive brain microscopy analysis, we described the initial steps of misfolded tau spreading and neuroinflammation in a monkey model highly translatable to AD patients.HighlightsDual tau mutation delivery in the entorhinal cortex induces progressive tau pathology in rhesus macaques. Exogenous human 4R-tau coaptates monkey 3R-tau during transneuronal spread, in a prion-like manner. Neuroinflammatory response is coordinated by microglia and astrocytes in response to tau pathology, with microglia targeting early tau pathology, while astrocytes engaged later in the progression, coincident with neuronal death. Monthly collection of CSF and plasma revealed a profile of changes in several AD core biomarkers, reflective of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation as early as 1 month after injection