10 research outputs found

    Etudes thermochimiques à haute température par spectrométrie de masse : emploi de dispositifs à caloducs pour le maintien isotherme de cellules d'effusion

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    Différentes solutions ont été testées pour résoudre le problÚme délicat du maintien isotherme de cellules d'effusion multiples couplées à un spectromÚtre de masse. Un dispositif constitué par un caloduc, dans lequel sont logées les cellules, permet d'obtenir d'une maniÚre trÚs sûre ce résultat en éliminant pratiquement les risques d'incertitudes dues aux gradients de températur

    Molecular structure of uranium carbides: Isomers of UC3

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    In this article, the most relevant isomers of uranium tricarbide are studied through quantum chemical methods. It is found that the most stable isomer has a fan geometry in which the uranium atom is bonded to a quasilinear C3 unit. Both, a rhombic and a ring CU(C2) structures are found about 104–125 kJ/mol higher in energy. Other possible isomers including linear geometries are located even higher. For each structure, we provide predictions for those molecular properties (vibrational frequencies, IR intensities, dipole moments) that could eventually help in their experimental detection. We also discuss the possible routes for the formation of the different UC3 isomers as well as the bonding situation by means of a topological analysis of the electron densityFil: Zalazar, Maria Fernanda. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Quimica. Laboratorio de Estructura Molecular y Propiedades; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rayon, Victor M.. Universidad de Valladolid. Facultad de Ciencias; EspañaFil: Largo, Antonio. Universidad de Valladolid. Facultad de Ciencias; Españ

    Etudes thermochimiques à haute température par spectrométrie de masse : dispositif pour mesures au moyen de cellules d'effusion multiples

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    Le dispositif dĂ©crit a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© dans le but d'effectuer des mesures comparatives directes de pressions de vapeur sur cellules d'effusion multiples, le dĂ©tecteur de flux Ă©tant un spectromĂštre de masse. La reproductibilitĂ© des mesures a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e notamment en fonction du positionnement mĂ©canique des cellules et des conditions d'ionisation du jet molĂ©culaire dans la source d'ions. Les essais prĂ©sentĂ©s montrent que cette mĂ©thode peut ĂȘtre appliquĂ©e de maniĂšre satisfaisante Ă  la dĂ©termination d'activitĂ©s thermodynamiques dans des systĂšmes Ă  haute tempĂ©rature

    Reusability of filtering facepiece respirators after decontamination through drying and germicidal UV irradiation.

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    During pandemics, such as the SARS-CoV-2, filtering facepiece respirators plays an essential role in protecting healthcare personnel. The recycling of respirators is possible in case of critical shortage, but it raises the question of the effectiveness of decontamination as well as the performance of the reused respirators. Disposable respirators were subjected to ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) treatment at single or successive doses of 60 mJ/cm <sup>2</sup> after a short drying cycle (30 min, 70°C). The germicidal efficacy of this treatment was tested by spiking respirators with two staphylococcal bacteriophages (vB_HSa_2002 and P66 phages). The respirator performance was investigated by the following parameters: particle penetration (NaCl aerosol, 10-300 nm), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry and mechanical tensile tests. No viable phage particles were recovered from any of the respirators after decontamination (log reduction in virus titre >3), and no reduction in chemical or physical properties (SEM, particle penetrations <5%-6%) were observed. Increasing the UVGI dose 10-fold led to chemical alterations of the respirator filtration media (FTIR) but did not affect the physical properties (particle penetration), which was unaltered even at 3000 mJ/cm <sup>2</sup> (50 cycles). When respirators had been used by healthcare workers and undergone decontamination, they had particle penetration significantly greater than never donned respirators. This decontamination procedure is an attractive method for respirators in case of shortages during a SARS pandemic. A successful implementation requires a careful design and particle penetration performance control tests over the successive reuse cycles

    Etudes thermochimiques à haute température par spectrométrie de masse : incidence des contributions d'évaporation de surface sur la représentativité de l'échantillonnage du faisceau moléculaire

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    In Knudsen cell mass spectrometry studies, the sampling of the molecular beam may not be representative of the chemical equilibrium which is studied . Gazeous species coming from the surface around the effusion orifice have been observed and are a source of error and inconsistency in the thermo- chemical properties of the system under investigation. A device, based on the analysis of the intensity distribution in the molecular been has been designed in order to determine the causes and the magnitude of the surface vaporisation. Estimation of the corresponding flux according to its causes have been made. Comparative measurements with the device and a multiple Knudsen cell have confirmed the results of the estimation. Thus, a new type of effusion cell is proposed in order to eliminate the evaporation dueto surface diffusion on the walls and through the effusion orificeDans l'analyse de la vaporisation Ă  partir d'une cellule d'effusion couplĂ©e Ă  un spectromĂštre de masse, le prĂ©lĂšvement d'une fraction de l'effusat n'est pas forcĂ©ment reprĂ©sentatif des Ă©quilibres chimiques Ă©tudiĂ©s : des espĂšces gazeuses provenant des surfaces entourant l'orifice d'effusion peuvent ĂȘtre observĂ©es et sont source d'incertitudes et d'incohĂ©rence pour les grandeurs thermodynamiques recherchĂ©es. Un dispositif, basĂ© sur l'analyse de la rĂ©partition d'intensitĂ© dans le faisceau molĂ©culaire, a Ă©tĂ© mis au point : les causes et l'importance des Ă©vaporations de "surface" ont pu ĂȘtre ainsi dĂ©terminĂ©es. L'estimation des flux d'Ă©vaporation de surface, a Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©e. Des mesures comparatives avec l'analyseur et un four Ă  cellules multiples ont confirmĂ© ces estimations. Compte tenu de ces rĂ©sultats un nouveau type de cellule d'effusion est proposĂ© pour Ă©liminer les Ă©vaporations consĂ©cutives Ă  la diffusion superficielle le long des parois des cellule

    Uran und Sauerstoff

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