Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

Insights from an Integrated View of the Biology of Apple Snails (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae)

Submitted by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-02-16T12:59:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 silvana_thiengo_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 1030588 bytes, checksum: 1feaf6021ccd94c9bf314dbc7b49ccc8 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-02-16T13:49:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvana_thiengo_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 1030588 bytes, checksum: 1feaf6021ccd94c9bf314dbc7b49ccc8 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-16T13:49:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvana_thiengo_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 1030588 bytes, checksum: 1feaf6021ccd94c9bf314dbc7b49ccc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Howard University. Department of Biology. Washington, DC, USA / University of Hawaii. Pacific Biosciences Research Center. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA /Smithsonian Institution. National Museum of Natural History. Washington, DC, USA.Southwestern University. Department of Biology. Georgetown, Texas, USA.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina.University of West Florida. Department of Biology. Pensacola, Florida, USA.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, CONICET). La Plata, Argentina.Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET. Laboratorio de Ecología, INBIOSUR. Bahia Blanca, Argentina.Hong Kong Baptist University. Department of Biology. Kowloon, Hong Kong.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Malacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina / Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Área de Biologia. Mendoza, Argentina.NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center. Kumamoto, Japan.Nara Women’s University. Faculty of Science. Kitauoya-nishi, Nara, Japan.Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET. Laboratorio de Ecología, INBIOSUR. Bahia Blanca, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, CONICET). La Plata, Argentina.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina / Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Área de Biologia. Mendoza, Argentina.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina / Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Área de Biologia. Mendoza, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, CONICET). La Plata, Argentina / Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas (CIC). La Plata, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, CONICET). La Plata, Argentina.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina / Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Área de Biologia. Mendoza, Argentina.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina / Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Área de Biologia. Mendoza, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, CONICET). La Plata, Argentina.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina / Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Área de Biologia. Mendoza, Argentina.University of Hawaii. Pacific Biosciences Research Center. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA / NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center. Koshi, Kumamoto, Japan.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, CONICET). La Plata, Argentina.Instituto de Fisiología (FCM-UNCuyo). Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET). Mendoza, Argentina.Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET. Laboratorio de Ecología, INBIOSUR. Bahia Blanca, Argentina.Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET. Laboratorio de Ecología, INBIOSUR. Bahia Blanca, Argentina.Smithsonian Institution. National Museum of Natural History. Washington, DC, USA..Hong Kong Baptist University. Department of Biology. Kowloon, Hong Kong.Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET. Laboratorio de Ecología, INBIOSUR. Bahia Blanca, Argentina.Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET. Laboratorio de Ecología, INBIOSUR. Bahia Blanca, Argentina.Florida Institute of Technology. Biological Sciences Department. Melbourne, Florida, USA.The Pomacea Project, Inc., Pensacola, Florida, USA.University of Hawaii. Pacific Biosciences Research Center. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.Apple snails (Ampullariidae) are among the largest and most ecologically important freshwater snails. The introduction of multiple species has reinvigorated the field and spurred a burgeoning body of research since the early 1990s, particularly regarding two species introduced to Asian wetlands and elsewhere, where they have become serious agricultural pests. This review places these recent advances in the context of previous work, across diverse fields ranging from phylogenetics and biogeography through ecology and developmental biology, and the more applied areas of environmental health and human disease. The review does not deal with the role of ampullariids as pests, nor their control and management, as this has been substantially reviewed elsewhere. Despite this large and diverse body of research, significant gaps in knowledge of these important snails remain, particularly in a comparative framework. The great majority of the work to date concerns a single species, Pomacea canaliculata, which we see as having the potential to become a model organism in a wide range of fields. However, additional comparative data are essential for understanding this diverse and potentially informative group. With the rapid advances in genomic technologies, many questions, seemingly intractable two decades ago, can be addressed, and ampullariids will provide valuable insights to our understanding across diverse fields in integrative biology

Fracture fixation in the operative management of hip fractures (FAITH): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial

Background Reoperation rates are high after surgery for hip fractures. We investigated the effect of a sliding hip screw versus cancellous screws on the risk of reoperation and other key outcomes. Methods For this international, multicentre, allocation concealed randomised controlled trial, we enrolled patients aged 50 years or older with a low-energy hip fracture requiring fracture fixation from 81 clinical centres in eight countries. Patients were assigned by minimisation with a centralised computer system to receive a single large-diameter screw with a side-plate (sliding hip screw) or the present standard of care, multiple small-diameter cancellous screws. Surgeons and patients were not blinded but the data analyst, while doing the analyses, remained blinded to treatment groups. The primary outcome was hip reoperation within 24 months after initial surgery to promote fracture healing, relieve pain, treat infection, or improve function. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00761813. Findings Between Mar