Analysis of the evolution of bone repair with utilization of calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite. Microscopic study in tooth sockets of rats

A evolução do processo de reparo ósseo foi avaliada, em alvéolos dentários de ratos, frente ao coágulo sangüíneo, bem como ao implante de sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado e da hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos. Foram utilizados 48 ratos machos, divididos em três grupos, nos quais foi realizada a extração do incisivo superior direito. No grupo I, os alvéolos foram preenchidos com coágulo sangüíneo, permanecendo dessa forma como controle. No grupo II, implantou-se no alvéolo sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado e, no grupo III, realizou-se a inserção da hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos nos alvéolos. Após 7, 15 e 30 dias dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, os animais foram mortos, as hemimaxilas direitas removidas e processadas histologicamente para a realização das análises microscópicas descritiva e quantitativa, cujos resultados foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn. Foi possível concluir que o processo de reparo alveolar, aos 7, 15 e 30 dias, ocorreu de forma semelhante entre os grupos do coágulo sangüíneo, do sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado e da hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos, destacando-se a diferença significativa quanto à neoformação óssea, aos 15 dias, entre os grupos controle e hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos; e que, aos 30 dias, a evolução da neoformação óssea foi igual para todos os grupos analisados.The evolution of bone repair was evaluated in tooth sockets of rats filled with blood clot as well as after placement of calcium sulfate dihydrate implant and hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos. The study sample was composed of 48 males rats divided into three groups, which were submitted to extraction of the right maxillary incisor. In group I, the sockets were filled with blood clot and were kept as such as control. Group II received a calcium sulfate dihydrate implant, and group III was submitted to placement of hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos in the sockets. At 7, 15 and 30 days after surgery, the animals were killed, the right hemimaxillae were removed and histologically processed for descriptive and quantitative microscopic analysis, whose results were statistically analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. It was concluded that the alveolar repair process at 7, 15 and 30 days was similar for sockets filled with blood clot, calcium sulfate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos, with emphasis to the significant difference with regard to new bone formation at 15 days between the control and hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos groups; and, at 30 days, the evolution of new bone formation was similar for all study group

Analysis of the evolution of bone repair with utilization of calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite. Microscopic study in tooth sockets of rats

A evolução do processo de reparo ósseo foi avaliada, em alvéolos dentários de ratos, frente ao coágulo sangüíneo, bem como ao implante de sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado e da hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos. Foram utilizados 48 ratos machos, divididos em três grupos, nos quais foi realizada a extração do incisivo superior direito. No grupo I, os alvéolos foram preenchidos com coágulo sangüíneo, permanecendo dessa forma como controle. No grupo II, implantou-se no alvéolo sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado e, no grupo III, realizou-se a inserção da hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos nos alvéolos. Após 7, 15 e 30 dias dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, os animais foram mortos, as hemimaxilas direitas removidas e processadas histologicamente para a realização das análises microscópicas descritiva e quantitativa, cujos resultados foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn. Foi possível concluir que o processo de reparo alveolar, aos 7, 15 e 30 dias, ocorreu de forma semelhante entre os grupos do coágulo sangüíneo, do sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado e da hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos, destacando-se a diferença significativa quanto à neoformação óssea, aos 15 dias, entre os grupos controle e hidroxiapatita BTCP GenPhos; e que, aos 30 dias, a evolução da neoformação óssea foi igual para todos os grupos analisados.The evolution of bone repair was evaluated in tooth sockets of rats filled with blood clot as well as after placement of calcium sulfate dihydrate implant and hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos. The study sample was composed of 48 males rats divided into three groups, which were submitted to extraction of the right maxillary incisor. In group I, the sockets were filled with blood clot and were kept as such as control. Group II received a calcium sulfate dihydrate implant, and group III was submitted to placement of hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos in the sockets. At 7, 15 and 30 days after surgery, the animals were killed, the right hemimaxillae were removed and histologically processed for descriptive and quantitative microscopic analysis, whose results were statistically analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. It was concluded that the alveolar repair process at 7, 15 and 30 days was similar for sockets filled with blood clot, calcium sulfate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos, with emphasis to the significant difference with regard to new bone formation at 15 days between the control and hydroxyapatite BTCP GenPhos groups; and, at 30 days, the evolution of new bone formation was similar for all study group

In vitro sealing ability of white and gray mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and white Portland cement used as apical plugs

This study evaluated the sealing ability of apical plugs made of white and gray MTA-Angelus® and white Portland cement placed via the root canal and having different thicknesses (2, 5 and 7 mm). Ninety extracted human single-rooted teeth were instrumented using a size 40 K-file to standardize the foraminal opening by the stepback technique. The teeth were assigned to 3 groups (n=30), according to the material used for fabrication of the apical plugs: A = gray MTA; B = white MTA; C = white Portland cement. The groups were subdivided into groups of 10 teeth each according to the apical plug thickness (2, 5 and 7 mm). Marginal apical dye leakage was assessed using 0.2% Rhodamine B solution in which the specimens were immersed for 72 hours at 37ºC. The roots were sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction for apical plug exposure, and digital photographs were taken and analyzed by Image Tool image-analysis software. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests. Significance level was set at 5%. The least percent leakage was observed for 5- and 7-mm-thick plugs (p<0.05). No significant difference (p>0.05) was found between gray MTA and white Portland cement. Among the three materials analyzed, white MTA presented the highest marginal leakage (p<0.05). The findings of the present study showed that gray MTA and Portland cement had better sealing ability than white MTA when used as apical plugs. Dye leakage was smaller for 5- and 7-mm-thick plugs compared to 2-mm-thick plugs