Anais do V Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação: Educação midiática e políticas públicas

A presente coletânea, que chega ao público através de um suporte digital, tem como objetivo disponibilizar os papers, bem como os relatos de experiências educomunicativas apresentados durante o V ENCONTRO BRASILEIRO DE EDUCOMUNICAÇÃO, que teve como tema central: “Educação Midiática e Políticas Públicas”. O evento foi realizado em São Paulo, entre 19 e 21 de setembro de 2013, a partir de uma parceria entre o NCE/USP - Núcleo de Comunicação e Educação da USP, a Licenciatura em Educomunicação da ECA/USP, a ABPEducom – Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores e Profissionais da Educomunicação e a FAPCOM – Faculdade Paulus de Tecnologia e Comunicação, que ofereceu seu campus, na Vila Mariana, para os atos do evento. Os presentes anais disponibilizam o texto de abertura, de autoria do coordenador geral do evento, denominado “Educação midiática e políticas públicas: vertentes históricas da emergência da Educomunicação na América Latina”. Na sequência, apresentam 61 papers sobre aspectos específicos da temática geral, resultantes de pesquisas na área, seguidos de 27 relatos de práticas educomunicativas, em nível nacional

Análise da interação entre determinantes da limitação ao fluxo expiratório em homens saudáveis

Background and objective: Dysanapsis ratio (DR), peak oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak) and age are studied as determinants of expiratory flow limitation (EFL) during exercise. However, it is not yet known whether they can elucidate EFL in young and middle-aged healthy individuals of the same sex. The objective of this study was to investigate the interaction between determinants of LFE (VO₂ peak, DR and age) during different exercise intensities performed in cycle ergometer. Methods: Twenty Two men, 11 young men, and 11 middle-aged men performed the following tests: measurement of respiratory muscle strength, lung function test (DR), cardiopulmonary test (VO₂ peak), and two constant load tests to assess EFL at loads of 75% and 125% of gas exchange threshold (GET). The unpaired t test and the Mann-Whitney test were used to compare groups and two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of age and exercise intensity on the variables of the constant load test (CLT). Stepwise multiple regression was used to analyze the interaction between VO₂ peak, DR, and age and EFL. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Only the middle-aged group presented EFL at both exercise intensities; the groups were similar in relation to respiratory muscle strength, VO₂ peak, and DR; EFL was not associated with VO₂ peak or DR, but it was associated with age during high-intensity exercise (p<0.001). Conclusion: In the experimental conditions, age was the only factor that was related to the presence of EFL during exercise.Contextualização e objetivo: Dysanapsis ratio (DR), consumo de oxigênio pico (VO₂ pico) e a idade são estudados como determinantes da limitação ao fluxo expiratório (LFE) durante o exercício. No entanto, ainda não foi avaliado se eles podem justificar a presença de LFE em homens saudáveis, jovens e de meia idade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a interação entre determinantes da LFE (VO₂ pico, DR e idade) durante diferentes intensidades de exercício físico realizado em cicloergômetro. Métodos: Vinte e dois homens, 11 jovens e 11 meia idade, realizaram às seguintes avaliações: medida da força muscular respiratória, prova de função pulmonar (para medida da DR), teste cardiopulmonar (para medida do VO₂ pico) e dois testes de carga constante (TECC) para avaliação da LFE nas cargas de 75% LAv e 125% LAv. Utilizou-se o teste t não pareado e o teste de Mann-Whitney para comparar os grupos e ANOVA two-way para a análise do efeito da idade e da intensidade de exercício, nas variáveis do TECC. A análise de interação entre o VO₂ pico, a DR e a idade com a LFE foi feita por regressão múltipla, modelo stepwise. O nível de significância foi p<0,05. Resultados: Apenas o grupo meia idade apresentou LFE em ambas as intensidades de exercício; os grupos estudados não apresentaram diferenças em relação à força muscular respiratória, ao VO₂ pico e a DR; a LFE não apresentou relação com o VO₂ pico e a DR, mas se relacionou com a idade, durante exercício de alta intensidade (p<0,001). Conclusão: Nas condições experimentais estudadas, a idade foi o único fator que se relacionou com a presença de LFE durante o exercício em cicloergômetro.

Correction: Cardiovascular Variability Analysis and Baroreflex Estimation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Absence of Any Manifest Neuropathy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148903.]

The Aging Process: A Metabolomics Perspective

Aging process is characterized by a progressive decline of several organic, physiological, and metabolic functions whose precise mechanism remains unclear. Metabolomics allows the identification of several metabolites and may contribute to clarifying the aging-regulated metabolic pathways. We aimed to investigate aging-related serum metabolic changes using a metabolomics approach. Fasting blood serum samples from 138 apparently healthy individuals (20&ndash;70 years old, 56% men) were analyzed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), and for clinical markers. Associations of the metabolic profile with age were explored via Correlations (r); Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis; Multiple Linear Regression; and Aging Metabolism Breakpoint. The age increase was positively correlated (0.212 &le; r &le; 0.370, p &lt; 0.05) with the clinical markers (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triacylglyceride, and glucose levels); negatively correlated (&minus;0.285 &le; r &le; &minus;0.214, p &lt; 0.05) with tryptophan, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, asparagine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine levels, but positively (0.237 &le; r &le; 0.269, p &lt; 0.05) with aspartate and ornithine levels. These metabolites resulted in three enriched pathways: valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, urea cycle, and ammonia recycling. Additionally, serum metabolic levels of 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, aspartate, and ornithine explained 27.3% of the age variation, with the aging metabolism breakpoint occurring after the third decade of life. These results indicate that the aging process is potentially associated with reduced serum branched-chain amino acid levels (especially after the third decade of life) and progressively increased levels of serum metabolites indicative of the urea cycle

Chronic Influence of Inspiratory Muscle Training at Different Intensities on the Serum Metabolome

This study investigated the chronic effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on the human serum metabolome in healthy male recreational cyclists. Using a randomized, parallel group design, twenty-eight participants were randomized to three IMT groups: low intensity (LI, n = 7); moderate intensity (MI, n = 10); and high intensity (HI, n = 11). The IMT was performed for 11 weeks. Another group of participants under the same conditions, who did not perform the IMT but participated in all procedures, was included as controls (CG, n = 6). Blood samples were collected one week before and after 11 weeks of IMT and analyzed for metabolite shifts using 1H NMR. Statistical analysis included a 4 (group) &times; 2 (time) repeated measures ANOVA using the general linear model (GLM), and multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). Untargeted metabolomics analysis of serum samples identified 22 metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Metabolites shifts did not differ between groups, indicating that IMT at three intensity levels did not alter the serum metabolome relative to the control group. These results reveal novel insights into the metabolic effects of the IMT and are consistent with the results from other studies showing negligible chronic alterations in the serum metabolome in response to physical training

HP-SAP squared coherence and phase analyses.

<p>The grouped bargraphs show the results of phase, Ph_HP-SAP, and squared coherence, K²_HP-SAP, analyses between HP and SAP series as a function of the group (i.e. H and DM individuals) at REST (black bars) and during STAND (white bars). The graphs are relevant to Ph_HP-SAP(LF) (a), Ph_HP-SAP(HF) (b), K²_HP-SAP(LF) (c), and K²_HP-SAP(HF) (d). Values are given as mean plus standard deviation. The symbol * indicates differences between groups (i.e. H vs DM) with <i>p</i><0.05, while the symbol § indicates differences between experimental conditions (i.e. REST vs STAND) with <i>p</i><0.05.</p