Efeito da somatotropina sobre a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas, em ratos Effect of somatotropin on skin wound healing in rats

A somatotropina, além do efeito anabolizante, age no processo de cicatrização acelerando a formação local de tecido de granulação, síntese e deposição de colágeno, quando administrada por via subcutânea. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da somatotropina sobre a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas, em ratos. Métodos: Utilizaram-se 53 ratos Wistar, machos, com idade média de 145,19 dias e peso inicial médio de 287,72 g, divididos em dois grupos: controle (n=26) que recebeu 1,2 ml/dia de água destilada pela via subcutânea e experimento (n=27) que recebeu 0,2 UI/kg/dia de somatotropina humana pela mesma via. Fez-se uma ferida cutânea no dorso do animal, que diariamente era medida, procedendo-se ao final do experimento o cálculo de contração da ferida. Os tempos de aferição foram 3, 7 e 14 dias, quando de 9 animais de cada grupo, coletou-se sangue para dosagem bioquímica de proteínas plasmáticas e ressecou-se a ferida para estudo histológico. À microscopia avaliou-se: epitelização, reação inflamatória local, tecido de granulação, neovascularização e fibrose. Resultados: O cálculo de contração da ferida, nos 3 tempos de aferição, não demonstrou diferenças entre os grupos controle e experimento. Na dosagem bioquímica encontrou-se diminuição das proteínas totais (p=0,007) e aumento da relação albumina/globulina (p=0,03) no 14º dia no grupo controle, enquanto o grupo experimento manteve-as constantes. Na avaliação histológica observou-se significante aumento da fibrose no 7º dia no grupo experimento (p<0,0001). Conclusões: A somatotropina mantém constantes a relação albumina/globulina e as proteínas totais plasmáticas no 14º dia, além de intensificar a fibrose cicatricial quando utilizada durante 7 dias.<br>Somatotropin, in addition to having an anabolizing effect, also acts on the healing process by accelerating the local formation of granulation tissue and collagen synthesis and deposition when administered subcutaneously (SC). Objective: To evaluate the effect of somatotropin on skin wound healing in rats. Methods: Fifty-three male Wistar rats aged on average 145.19 days and weighing 287.27 g at the beginning of the study were divided into two groups: control (n=26) receiving 1.2 ml/day distilled water (SC), and experimental (n=27) receiving 0.2 IU/kg/day human somatotropin (SC). A skin wound was produced in the dorsum of the animal and measured daily, and wound contraction was calculated at the end of the experiment. At 3, 7 and 14 days, blood was collected from 9 animals in each group for biochemical determination of plasma proteins and the wound was resected for histological study. Epithelialization, local inflammatory reaction, granulation tissue, neovascularization and fibrosis were evaluated microscopically. Results: The calculation of wound contraction at the 3 checking times dis not show significant differences between the control and experimental groups. The biochemical determinations showed an decrease in total proteins (p=0.007) and a increase in the albumin/gobulin ratio (p=0.03) in the control group on the 14th day of the study, whereas remain stable in the experimental group. Histological evaluation showed a significant increase in fibrosis in the experimental group on the 7th day (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Somatotropin remain stable the albumin/globulin ratio and total plasma proteins on the 14th day, and also intensified cicatricial fibrosis when used for 7 days

O Protagonismo Infantojuvenil nos Processos Educomunicativos

Neste volume “O protagonismo infantojuvenil nos processos educomunicativos”, reunimos 53 artigos que transitam sobre a temática do protagonismo infantojuvenil em diversas experiências e processos educomunicativos e para facilitar sua leitura e busca por temas de seu interesse, eles estão organizados em 8 capítulos que abordam a educomunicação a partir do fazer das crianças e da apropriação da produção midiática.&nbsp;Expressão artística, rádio, vídeo, jornalismo, cultura digital, redes sociais entre outros são os temas abordados pelos autores destes trabalhos. convidamos o leitor&nbsp;a mergulhar nesta jornada educomunicativa, vivendo e revivendo junto conosco essas experiências vividas por outros, refletindo em cada texto sobre como estamos, como evoluímos e como seguimos os passos daqueles que com sua ousadia, amor e luta elaboraram os fundamentos da educomunicação

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data