ChemCalc: a building block for tomorrow’s chemical infrastructure

Web services, as an aspect of cloud computing, are becoming an important part of the general IT infrastructure, and scientific computing is no exception to this trend. We propose a simple approach to develop chemical web services, through which servers could expose the essential data manipulation functionality that students and researchers need for chemical calculations. These services return their results as JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) objects, which facilitates their use for web applications. The ChemCalc project demonstrates this approach: we present 3 web services related with mass spectrometry, namely isotopic distribution simulation, peptide fragmentation simulation and molecular formula determination. We also developed a complete web application based on these 3 web services, taking advantage of modern HTML5 and JavaScript libraries (ChemDoodle and jQuery)

Brindis

Abstract not availabl

Site Selective Functionalization of Fluorinated Nitrogen Heterocycles

Functional groups are prerequisites for the assembly of building blocks to more elaborate structures for research work in the life sciences field. Functionalization can be most conveniently and efficaciously accomplished by generating an organometallic deriv. of the arom. or heterocyclic starting material and subsequently treating it with the electrophile of choice. The presence of heterosubstituents facilitates immensely the introduction of the metal (by permutational halogen/metal or hydrogen/metal interconversion) and at the same time enables a perfect control of the desired regioselectivity as will be illustrated by typical examples selected from the indole, pyrazoles, pyridine and quinoline fields

ChemCalc: A Building Block for Tomorrow’s Chemical Infrastructure

Web services, as an aspect of cloud computing, are becoming an important part of the general IT infrastructure, and scientific computing is no exception to this trend. We propose a simple approach to develop chemical Web services, through which servers could expose the essential data manipulation functionality that students and researchers need for chemical calculations. These services return their results as JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) objects, which facilitates their use for Web applications. The ChemCalc project http://www.chemcalc.org demonstrates this approach: we present three Web services related with mass spectrometry, namely isotopic distribution simulation, peptide fragmentation simulation, and molecular formula determination. We also developed a complete Web application based on these three Web services, taking advantage of modern HTML5 and JavaScript libraries (ChemDoodle and jQuery)

Colletidae

Colletidae <p> <i>Hylaeus imparilis</i> (Förster, 1871)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 1♂, Ta' Ċenċ (Sannat), 7-iv-1999, B and G Degen; 3♂, Marfa Ridge (Mellieħa), 14-iv- 1999, B and G Degen; 1♂, 1♀, Dingli Cliffs (Dingli), 17-iv-1999, B and G Degen; 1♂, Golden Bay (Mġarr), 21-iv- 1999, B and G Degen; 1♂, Wied Qirda (Siġġiewi), 26-iii-2012, Liston; 1♀, Għar Lapsi (Siġġiewi), 5-v-2014, MV Balzan; 1♂, 3♀, Delimara (Marsaxlokk), 26-v-2014, MV Balzan;</p> <p>Distribution: Mediterranean Basin, Eastern Europe and the islands of Cyprus, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Hylaeus clypearis</i> (Schenck, 1853)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 1♂, St. Julians, 12-vii-1970, Stockh; 1♀, St. Julians, 12-vii-1970, Stockh; 1♀, Buskett (Rabat), 12-vii-1977, Schembri</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe and North Africa, and the islands of Cyprus, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Hylaeus taeniolatus</i> (Förster, 1871)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 8♂, 7♀, St. Julians, 3-vii-1970, Stockh; 1♀, Marfa Ridge (Mellieħa), 14-iv-1999, B and G Degen; 1♀, Dingli Cliffs (Dingli), 17-iv-1999, B and G Degen; 1♀, Selmun (Mellieħa), 24-iv-1999, B and G Degen; 1♀, Marsaxlokk, 18-v-2003, W. Schedl; 1♀, 1♂, Delimara (Marsaxlokk), 26-v-2014, MV Balzan</p> <p>Distribution: Mediterranean Basin and Central Europe (Austria, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland) and the islands of Corsica, Cyprus, Sardinia, and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Hylaeus signatus</i> (Panzer, 1798)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 1♂, Delimara (Marsaxlokk), 17-v-2003, W Schedl; 1♂, Xlendi (Gozo), 17-v-2003, W Schedl.</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe, the North African countries of Morocco and Tunisia, Sardinia.</p> <p> <i>Hylaeus hyperpunctatus</i> (Strand, 1909)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Valletta (1971); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 10♀, 4♂, Buskett (Rabat), 16-ix-1976, Schembri; 10♀, 2♂, Santa Marija (Comino), 26- ix-1977, Schembri; 2♂, Birzebbuġa, 5-vii-1978, Richards</p> <p>Distribution: Southern Europe and the islands of Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Hylaeus punctatus</i> (Brullé, 1832)</p> <p>Previous Reports: Valletta (1971)</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe, Corsica, Sicily and Sardinia.</p>Published as part of <i>Balzan, Mario V., Rasmont, Pierre, Kuhlmann, Michael, Dathe, Holger, Pauly, Alain, Patiny, Sébastien, Terzo, Michael & Michez, Denis, 2016, The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of the Maltese Islands, pp. 225-244 in Zootaxa 4162 (2)</i> on pages 233-234, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4162.2.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/255739">http://zenodo.org/record/255739</a&gt

Megachilidae

Megachilidae <p> <i>Anthidium florentinum</i> (Fabricius 1775)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Anthidium florentina</i> in Valletta (1979).</p> <p>Previous Reports: Valletta (1979); Schembri (1982)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 1♂, Wied il-Għasel, 08-vi-1969, C De Lucca [NMNH]; 1♀, 1♂, Wied il-Għasel, 16-vi- 1969, C De Lucca [NMNH]; 1♀, Wied il-Għasel, 08-iv-1977, CJ Aquilina [NMNH]; 2♂, Fawwara, 15-v-1988, P Sammut [NMNH]; 1♂, Fiddien, 23-v-2014, P Portelli [NMNH]; 1♂ [NMNH]</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe, Algeria, Middle East and the islands of Cyprus, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Anthidium manicatum</i> (L., 1758)</p> <p>Previous Reports: Alfken (1929); Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 1♂, Wied il-Għasel, 08-vi-1969, C De Lucca [NMNH]; 1♀, 1♂, Wied il-Għasel, 12-vi- 1969, C De Lucca [NMNH]); 3♂, Wied il-Għasel, 16-vi-1969, C De Lucca [NMNH]; 1♀ [NMNH]</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe, North Africa, Middle East and the islands of Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Anthidiellum strigatum</i> (Panzer, 1805)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Anthidellum striuatum</i> (Latreille, 1802). Previous Reports: Schembri (1982)</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe, Maghreb, Middle East and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Heriades crenulata</i> (Nylander, 1856)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Schembri (1982); Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Specimens Examined: 1♀, 2♂, Għammieri (Ħal Qormi), 23-vi-2014, MV Balzan; 1♀, Għammieri (Ħal Qormi), 9-vii-2014, MV Balzan; 1♂, Għammieri (Ħal Qormi), 11-viii-2014, MV Balzan; Distribution: Continental Europe, Maghreb, Western Asia, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Heriades rubicola</i> (Pérez, 1890)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Distribution: Southern Europe, Maghreb, Western Asia, Corsica, Cyprus, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Heriades punctulifera</i> (Schletterer, 1889)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Distribution: Eastern Mediterranean Basin, Italy, the islands of Cyprus and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Lithurgus tibialis</i> (Morawitz, 1875)</p> <p>Previous Reports: Schembri (1982);</p> <p>Distribution: Southern Europe, Turkey, Israel and Cyprus.</p> <p> <i>Megachile sicula</i> (Rossi, 1792)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Chalicodoma sicula</i> (Rossi, 1792).</p> <p>Previous Reports: Alfken (1929); Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 2♀, Buskett, 7-iii-1976, P Sammut; 1♀, Buskett, 11-iv-1976, P Sammut; 2♀, Ċirkewwa, 15-iv-1976, P Sammut; 1♀, Buskett, 14-iv-1976, P Sammut; 4♀, 2♂, Rabat, 15-iv-1988, P Sammut; 1♀, Fawwara, 15-v-1988, P Sammut; 1♀, Qattara (Gozo), 13-v-2014, P Portelli;); 1♂ [NMNH]</p> <p>Distribution: Mediterranean Basin</p> <p> <i>Megachile fertoni</i> (Pérez, 1896)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Distribution: Southern Europe, Tunisia, Turkey, the islands of Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Megachile schmiedeknechti</i> (Costa, 1884)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Megachile xanthopyga</i> (Pérez, 1895) in Valletta (1971) but this is synonymised with <i>M. schmiedeknechti</i> (Schembri 1982).</p> <p>Previous Reports: Alfken (1929); Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982)</p> <p>Specimens Examined: 3♀, Ċirkewwa, 16-vi-1976, P Sammut; 1♀, Fawwara, 11-v-1988, P Sammut; 1♀, 1♂, Għar Dalam, 11-viii-2014, P Portelli</p> <p>Distribution: France, Italy, Corsica, Sardinia.</p> <p> <i>Osmia rufohirta</i> (Latreille 1811)</p> <p>Previous Reports: Alfken (1929)</p> <p>Distribution: Continental Europe, Northwestern Africa, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia caerulescens</i> (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Schembri (1982); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Distribution: Continental Europe and Ireland, Northern Africa, Middle East and the islands of Cyprus, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia frieseana</i> (Ducke, 1899)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Distribution: Northern Africa, Italy, Spain and Sardinia.</p> <p> <i>Osmia latreillei</i> (Spinola, 1806)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Alfken (1929); Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982); Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Distribution: Mediterranean Basin, Switzerland and Germany, and the islands of Cyprus, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia notata</i> (Fabricius, 1804)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Osmia iosignata</i> (Radoszkowski, 1874) by Valletta (1971) but this is synonymised with <i>O. notata</i> (Schembri 1982).</p> <p> Previous Reports: Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982); Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Distribution: Western Mediterranean Basin, Northern Africa, the islands of Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia tunensis</i> (Fabricius, 1787)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015)</p> <p>Distribution: Northern Africa, Portugal, Spain, Italy and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia kohlii</i> (Ducke, 1899)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Osmia rufa kohlii</i> (Ducke, 1899) in Valletta (1971). Previous Reports: Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Specimens Examined: 1♀, 1♂, Ħal Għaxaq, 15-iv-2014, MV Balzan; 1♂, Wied l-Aħmar (Comino), 13-v- 2014, P Portelli; 1♂ [NMNH]</p> <p>Distribution: Southern Italy and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia ferruginea</i> (Latreille, 1811)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Schembri (1982); Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Distribution: Western Mediterranean Basin, Northern Africa, Middle East (Israel, Jordan, Syria), Greece, Cyprus, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Osmia submicans</i> (Morawitz, 1870)</p> <p> Previous Reports: Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982); Ungricht <i>et al.</i> (2008); Kuhlmann <i>et al.</i> (2015) Distribution: Northern Africa, Continental Europe, Middle East (Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey) and the islands of Cyprus, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily.</p> <p> <i>Rhodanthidium septemdentatum</i> (Latreille 1809)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Anthidium septemdentatum</i> (Latreille, 1809) in Valletta (1971). Previous Reports: Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982) Distribution: Southern Europe.</p> <p> <i>Rhodanthidium siculum</i> (Spinola, 1838)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Anthidium fontanesii</i> (Lepeletier, 1841) by Valletta (1971) and <i>Anthidium siculum</i> (Spinola, 1838) by Schembri (1982) but these are synonymised with <i>R. siculum</i>.</p> <p>Previous Reports: Valletta (1971); Schembri (1982)</p> <p>Specimens examined: 1♂, Addolorata,?/07/1948, collector? [NMNH]; 1♂ NMNH]</p> <p>Distribution: Western Mediterranean Basin, including Sicily.</p>Published as part of <i>Balzan, Mario V., Rasmont, Pierre, Kuhlmann, Michael, Dathe, Holger, Pauly, Alain, Patiny, Sébastien, Terzo, Michael & Michez, Denis, 2016, The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of the Maltese Islands, pp. 225-244 in Zootaxa 4162 (2)</i> on pages 236-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4162.2.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/255739">http://zenodo.org/record/255739</a&gt

Halictidae

Halictidae <p> <b> <i>Lasioglossum</i> aff. <i>nitidiusculum</i></b> (Kirby, 1802)</p> <p> Determined as <i>Halictus</i> aff. <i>nitidiusculus</i> (Kirby, 1802) in Valletta (1971).</p> <p>Previous Reports: Valletta (1971)</p> <p> Distribution: Continental Europe, Ireland, North Africa (Morocco and Algeria) Sicily and Sardinia. This species is recorded from the South of Europe and Northern Africa at altitudes above 1000m (Pauly, 2011) and may have been confounded with the closely related species <i>L. transitorium</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Balzan, Mario V., Rasmont, Pierre, Kuhlmann, Michael, Dathe, Holger, Pauly, Alain, Patiny, Sébastien, Terzo, Michael & Michez, Denis, 2016, The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of the Maltese Islands, pp. 225-244 in Zootaxa 4162 (2)</i> on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4162.2.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/255739">http://zenodo.org/record/255739</a&gt