Biochemical Evaluation of Cotton Genotypes using Soluble Protein, Esterase (EST), Peroxidase (POX) And Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) and their Role in Plant Disease Resistance

Isozyme analysis is a powerful biochemical technique that has numerous applications in plant biology. It has long been used by geneticists to study the population genetics.  The isozyme esterase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were standardized for upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines collected from all over the country.  The knowledge of nature and magnitude of genetic diversity present in the germplasm is most important pre-requisite for the success of any breeding program. The thirty-four cotton germplasm lines were screened for prime three isozymes based on quantification assay and qualitative PAGE profiling. Among the material, the genotype AKH – 24 (190.60 mg ml-1), AKH – 053 (189.42 mg ml-1) and VIKAS (184.53 mg ml-1) recorded high protein content, whereas the enzymatic activities of esterase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase exhibited remarkable differences along with the protein content. The genotype LRA–5166 exhibited high esterase (462.68 mM mg protein-1 min-1) and peroxidase activity (250.97mM mg protein-1 min-1), while AKH – 24 recorded the maximum polyphenol oxidase activity (131.45 mM mg protein-1min-1).  The banding pattern of biochemical markers revealed that the maximum number of bands were recorded in esterase analysis (fifteen) followed by protein (twelve) whereas, only five bands each were detected in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase analysis indicating limited polymorphism.  The Relative Mobility (Rm) values were ranged from 0.083 to 0.883 (protein), 0.100 to 0.971 (esterase), 0.033 to 0.283 (peroxidase) and 0.048 to 0.206 (polyphenol oxidase).  The present study demonstrated that cotton genotypes could be differentiated by their quantity and quality through electrophoretic banding profiles. These results could be of practical value for cultivar identification, purity testing along with associated prediction of pest and disease resistance.  However, the major constraint is that these biochemical markers do not able to reproduce the similar kind of variation pattern, but can provide strong distinguishing polymorphism each time

Clinical and Metabolic Profile of Diabetes Mellitus in Children – One Year Cross-Sectional Study

Present study was aimed to study clinical presentations, metabolic profile, growth profile, type and prevalence of complications among the diabetic children. This Cross-sectional study was conducted among the 34 patients attending and admitted in our Hospital and District Hospital, Belgaum during the period of April – 04 to March -05. Patients with age less than 18 years and fasting blood sugar more than 126 mg/dl or random blood sugar more 200 mg/dl were included in the study. Patients with age more than 18 years were excluded from the study. All children attending our Hospital & M.R.C and District Hospital, Belgaum who are already diagnosed as Diabetes Mellitus were studied using a pre-designed and pre-tested proforma. Information was collected from the patient or attender or relative about sociodemographic profile, dietary intake and treatment history. In the present study 44.12% had onset of diabetes mellitus at 10 to 14 years age group with male to female ratio of 1.26:1. 20.51% had family history of diabetes and majority (41.18%) were from poor socio economic status. 73.33% were short statured in diabetic duration of more than one year and 31.57% in less than 1 year indicating growth deceleration. No children were obese and taller than the expected age group. 52.94% had poor glycemic control and was not influenced by duration of treatment as non compliance rates were high in the study. Majority presented with classical symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and diabetic ketoacidosis as initial presentation. 50% had recurrent hospitalization in diabetic duration of more than 1 year. Negligible incidence of chronic complication was noted in the present study

A simple and efficient synthesis of imidazolo[1,2-a]pyridines using MgO in aqueous medium

Various imidazolo[1,2-a]pyridines were synthesized from amino pyridines and aromatic phenacyl bromides by one step process in the presence of MgO in aqueous medium at room temperature. The salient feature of this method includes mild conditions, short reaction time, high yields, easy purification and simple procedure

Not Available

Not AvailableThis study was conducted in order to determine the qualitative and morphological performances of turf grasses. This study was carried out in Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Pune (Maharashtra) to evaluate the performance of nine turf grasses during 2015-16.The experimental design was a Randomized Blocks Design with three replications. Results indicated for qualitative traits, Korean grass, American Blue grass exhibited green colour, All turf grasses under study exhibited fine leaf texture except Weeping love grass having medium coarse texture, Argentine grass Pensacola grass St. Augustine grass and Phosphelone grass having coarse texture. The highest grounds cover (100%) was observed in American blue grass and Bermuda grass at 60 DAT. The significantly maximum chlorophyll content 69.59 mg/100g was recorded by Bermuda grass when was significantly superior over rest of treatments. Performance for morphological traits indicated, the maximum shoot length was recorded in Phosphelone grass (80.82 cm), Argentine grass (6.95 mm) exhibited maximum stem thickness DAT. The maximum leaf length range between (45.07-50.43 cm) recorded in Weeping love grass and Taiwan grass recorded shortest leaf length (2.70 cm). Phosphelone grass recorded maximum leaf width (13.48 mm). Weeping love grass showed maximum root length (21.74 cm). After 120 days of transplanting maximum root shoot ratio (1.11) was recorded in Argentine grass. The maximum fresh weight of shoot and dry weight of roots was recorded in Weeping love grass whereas, the maximum fresh weight of roots was recorded in Argentine grass.Not Availabl

Image Registered Gastroscopic Ultrasound (IRGUS) in human subjects: A pilot study to assess feasibility

Background and study aims: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a complex procedure due to the subtleties of ultrasound interpretation, the small field of observation, and the uncertainty of probe position and orientation. Animal studies demonstrated that Image Registered Gastroscopic Ultrasound (IRGUS) is feasible and may be superior to conventional EUS in efficiency and image interpretation. This study explores whether these attributes of IRGUS will be evident in human subjects, with the aim of assessing the feasibility, effectiveness, and efficiency of IRGUS in patients with suspected pancreatic lesions. Patients and methods: This was a prospective feasibility study at a tertiary care academic medical center in human patients with pancreatic lesions on computed tomography (CT) scan. Patients who were scheduled to undergo conventional EUS were randomly chosen to undergo their procedure with IRGUS. Main outcome measures included feasibility, ease of use, system function, validated task load (TLX) assessment instrument, and IRGUS experience questionnaire. Results: Five patients underwent IRGUS without complication. Localization of pancreatic lesions was accomplished efficiently and accurately (TLX temporal demand 3.7%; TLX effort 8.6%). Image synchronization and registration was accomplished in real time without procedure delay. The mean assessment score for endoscopist experience with IRGUS was positive (66.6 ±29.4). Real-time display of CT images in the EUS plane and echoendoscope orientation were the most beneficial characteristics. Conclusions: IRGUS appears feasible and safe in human subjects, and efficient and accurate at identification of probe position and image interpretation. IRGUS has the potential to broaden the adoption of EUS techniques and shorten EUS learning curves. Clinical studies comparing IRGUS with conventional EUS are ongoing

The effect of rice bran on physicochemical, textural and glycaemic properties of ready-to-eat extruded corn snacks

In this work, corn extruded snack products were enriched with rice bran (RB) at 10 and 15%. A co-rotating twin screw extruder was used with a feed moisture content of 16 g 100 g-1, a screw speed of 240 rpm and four heating sections of the barrel (100, 140, 150 and 150 \ub0C). The impact of RB inclusion on nutritional profile, starch digestion, physicochemical and textural properties of snack products was evaluated. RB-enriched extrudates showed a lower specific volume and hardness, and higher crispness than control. RB at 15% gave a water holding capacity lower than control. Rheology of extrudate dispersions indicated an increase in elastic interactions and solid-like behaviour with RB supplementation. Differences in rheological properties resulted in attenuation of predictive glycaemic response for RB enriched snacks