Duplicate Detection In Xml Data Using Bayesian Network And Network Pruning Strategy

Data Duplication causes excess use of storage, excess time and inconsistency. Duplicate detection will help to make sure that accurate data is displayed by identifying and preventing identical or parallel records. On identifying duplicates in relational data, an extensive work has been done so far. But only minor solutions are focused on duplicate detection in additional complex hierarchical structures, like XML data. Hierarchical data means a set of data items that are related to each other by hierarchical relationships such as XML. In the world of XML, no automatically consistent and clearly defined structures like tables are available

Formulation and evaluation of nano-particulate topical gel containing Celecoxib

The present research work describes formulation and evaluation of celecoxib containing gel using transdermal delivery. Transdermal potential of nanoparticulate gel was investigated using in-vitro and in-vivo study. In present study procured drug samples were investigated under preformulation studies. For development of nanparticles containing celecoxib, nanoprecipitation method is used. The formulated nanoparticles were evaluated for different parameters such as zeta potential, particle size, % entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release, SEM and stability studies. The formulated nanoparticles were formulated as gel using carbopol. Formulated carbopol gels were characterized for appearance, spreadability, pH, viscosity, drug content, consistency index and ex-vivo drug release, in-vitro drug release. Formulated gels were evaluated for in-vitro studies (skin irritation and skin permeation). Further evaluated for stability studies as per ICH guidelines, results of stability studies reveled that both the formulated gels were found to be stable at stuied temperatures

Identification, Synthesis, and Strategy For Minimization of Potential Impurities Observed In Raltegravir Potassium Drug Substance

Multiple sources of anticipated degradation and process impurities of raltegravir potassium drug substance observed during the laboratory optimization and later during its bulk synthesis are described in this article. The impurities were monitored by UPLC, and their structures are tentatively assigned on the basis of fragmentation patterns in LC–MS and NMR spectroscopy. Most of the impurities are synthesized, and their assigned constitutions were confirmed by co-injection in UPLC. In addition to the formation, synthesis, and characterization, strategy for minimizing these impurities to the level accepted by ICH is also described. We feel that our study will be helpful to the generic industry for obtaining chemically pure raltegravir potassium

Identification, Synthesis, and Strategy For Minimization of Potential Impurities Observed In Raltegravir Potassium Drug Substance

Multiple sources of anticipated degradation and process impurities of raltegravir potassium drug substance observed during the laboratory optimization and later during its bulk synthesis are described in this article. The impurities were monitored by UPLC, and their structures are tentatively assigned on the basis of fragmentation patterns in LC–MS and NMR spectroscopy. Most of the impurities are synthesized, and their assigned constitutions were confirmed by co-injection in UPLC. In addition to the formation, synthesis, and characterization, strategy for minimizing these impurities to the level accepted by ICH is also described. We feel that our study will be helpful to the generic industry for obtaining chemically pure raltegravir potassium

PEGylated rosin derivatives: Novel microencapsulating materials for sustained drug delivery

The aim of this study was to investigate PEGylated rosin derivatives (PRDs) as microencapsulating materials for sustained drug delivery. PRDs (D1, D2, and D3) composed of a constant weight of rosin and varied amounts of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 and maleic anhydride were synthesized in the laboratory. Microparticles were prepared by the O/O solvent evaporation technique using the acetone/paraffin system. Diclofenac sodium (DFS) and diltiazem hydrochloride (DLTZ) were used as model drugs. The effect of the type of PRD, drug, PRD:drug ratio, viscosity of external phase, stirring speed, concentration of magnesium stearate (droplet stabilizer), and method of preparation on particle size, drug loading, and drug release profiles of microparticles was investigated. PRDs could produce discrete and spherical microspheres (with DFS) and microcapsules (with DLTZ). The drug loading value for microparticles was found to be in the range of 37.21% to 87.90%. The microparticle size range was 14 to 36 μm. The particle size and drug loadings of microparticles were substantially affected by the concentration of magnesium stearate and the type of drug, respectively. Most of the formulations could sustain the DFS and DLTZ release for 20 hours. DFS and DLTZ release from PRD microparticles followed Hixson-Crowell and first-order kinetics, respectively. The results suggest that PRDs can be used successfully to prepare discrete and spherical microparticles with DFS and DLTZ for sustained drug delivery