Epidemic Diseases Forestall Module using Data Science and SIR Algorithms

This survey paper is intended to prevent epidemic diseases and pandemic diseases. According to the WHO every year in the world over 17 million people die due to this type of disease. Epidemic diseases have lower transmission rate than pandemic diseases and they spread in a bounded area. On the other hand, pandemic diseases have higher transmission rate and it can easily spread in an immense area. We can control this type of disease in its initial stages before it becomes a fatal disease like covid-19. Lack of knowledge in peoples and inefficient systems used by higher authorities in that region are the main reasons to spread diseases in larger areas. But using data science and the epidemic compartment models it’s possible to control infectious diseases in its initial stages. For different diseases there are different compartment algorithms that are able to estimate the number of cases in the future. These models often use ordinary differential equations for predicting things. Using data science, we are able to find what are key factors responsible for the spreading of that particular disease

Secured Data Outsourcing in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is a popular technology in the IT world. After internet, it is the biggest thing for IT world. Cloud computing uses the Internet for performing the task on the computer and it is the next- generation architecture of IT Industry. It is related to different technologies and the convergence of various technologies has emerged to be called as cloud computing. It places the application software and databases to the huge data centers, where the supervision of the data and services may not be fully trusted. This unique attribute poses many new security challenges which have not been well understood. In this paper, we develop system which allows customer to use cloud server with various profits and strong securities. So when customer stores his sensitive data on cloud server he should not worry about securities, we also protect customer’s account from malicious behaviors by verifying the result. This result verification mechanism is highly efficient for both cloud server and cloud customer. Covering security analysis and experiment results shows the immediate practicability of our mechanism design. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150314

Peer to Peer Communication between Android Device and PC and Video Surveillance using Android Device

Peer to peer technology is used for sharing of various contents that are already saved on PC. In this mobile is one peer and PC is another peer. Connection is established between computer and android smart phone which is peer to peer networking. This system is useful for like viewing or browsing a file which is stored on a remote computer, saving image files and text files to the computer and handling control of a remote computer using a android smart phone. Not only remote computer but also we can have control over various extended devices which are connected to that computer. It also represents architecture to improve video surveillance using android Smart-phone. This system allows application dynamic composition which is increases the overall flexibility of the system. This video surveillance system satisfies all needs of dynamism which results into easy allowing use of system to different users. This system provides better surveillance by selecting access live for past videos from different locations. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15013

STUDY OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN EPILEPTIC CHILDREN IN AGE GROUP OF 2-16 YEARS

 Objective: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in childhood. A number of medications are used in the treatment of epilepsy. Antiepilepticdrugs (AEDs) are known to exert deleterious effects on vitamin D metabolism. Its deficiency state in epileptics can lead to difficult seizure control asvitamin D is said to have anti-epileptogenic activity in addition to its known role in calcium metabolism. Correction of vitamin D deficiency may helpin decreasing the morbidity as well as seizure frequency. The purpose of this prospective observational study was to determine vitamin D status inthese children.Methods: Seventy children aged 2-16 years with epilepsy on AEDs were assessed for vitamin D levels.Results: The results showed that the vitamin D levels in this study population were significantly low.Conclusion: Vitamin D levels were significantly low in children with epilepsy and hence, it is recommended that vitamin D supplementation in thesechildren is necessary to reduce the seizure frequency and vitamin D deficiency related morbidity.Keywords: 25OH vitamin D, Epilepsy, Antiepileptic drugsÂ

First case report of surgical site infection due to Buttiauxella agrestis in a neurocare center in India

Buttiauxella agrestis, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is usually isolated from soil, water, fish, mollusks, and rarely associated with human infections. Here, we report a rare case of postcraniotomy surgical site infection by B. agrestis in a neurosurgical center which was easily controlled by antibiotic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report from India implicating B. agrestis as a cause of human infection. The infection along with microbiological characteristics and clinical significance of the organism is described

Neonatal Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-N) Associated with Prenatal Maternal SARS-CoV-2: A Case Series.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a post-infectious immune-mediated condition, seen 3-5 weeks after COVID-19. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 may potentially cause a similar hyperinflammatory syndrome in neonates due to transplacental transfer of antibodies. We reviewed the perinatal history, clinical features, and outcomes of 20 neonates with features consistent with MIS-C related to maternal SARS-CoV-2 in Kolhapur, India, from 1 September 2020 to 30 April 2021. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were tested in all neonates. Fifteen singletons and five twins born to eighteen mothers with a history of COVID-19 disease or exposure during pregnancy presented with features consistent with MIS-C during the first 5 days after birth. Nineteen were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and all were negative for IgM antibodies. All mothers were asymptomatic and therefore not tested by RTPCR-SARS-CoV-2 at delivery. Eighteen neonates (90%) had cardiac involvement with prolonged QTc, 2:1 AV block, cardiogenic shock, or coronary dilatation. Other findings included respiratory failure (40%), fever (10%), feeding intolerance (30%), melena (10%), and renal failure (5%). All infants had elevated inflammatory biomarkers and received steroids and IVIG. Two infants died. We speculate that maternal SARS-CoV-2 and transplacental antibodies cause multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N). Immunomodulation may be beneficial in some cases, but further studies are needed

Clues from Crystal Structures Pave the Way to Access Chiral <i>myo</i>-Inositol Derived Versatile Synthons: Resolution of Racemic 4‑<i>O</i>‑Allyl-<i>myo</i>-Inositol-1,3,5-Orthoesters via Corresponding Dicamphanates by Crystallization

Racemic 4-<i>O</i>-allyl-<i>myo</i>-inositol-1,3,5-orthoesters were resolved as the corresponding diastereomeric dicamphanates by crystallization from alcoholic solvents. Crystals of the two diastereomers of <i>myo</i>-inositol orthoacetate and one diastereomer each of <i>myo</i>-inositol orthoformate and <i>myo</i>-inositol orthobenzoate were obtained in >99% purity, on gram scale. The configuration of all these diastereomers was established by conversion to known chiral <i>myo</i>-inositol derivatives as well as by single crystal structure analysis. It is interesting to note that the procedures for the separation of diastereomeric <i>myo</i>-inositol orthoesters could be evolved due to the knowledge of crystal growth and crystal structures of inositol derivatives of comparable molecular structures. Due to the synthetic versatility of <i>myo</i>-inositol orthoesters, the methods described provide rapid and convenient access to a variety of chiral inositol derivatives with high synthetic potential

Isolation and Genomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Obtained from Human Clinical Specimens

Due to the failure of virus isolation of the Omicron variant in Vero CCL-81 from the clinical specimens of COVID-19 cases, an initial in vivo and subsequent in vitro approach was utilized for the isolation of the virus. A total of 74 oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from SARS-CoV-2 positive international travellers and a contact case at Delhi and Mumbai, India. All the specimens were sequenced using next-generation sequencing and simultaneously inoculated onto Vero CCL-81 cells for virus isolation. Subsequently, two omicron positive specimens were inoculated into Syrian hamsters for two passages. The initial passage of the positive hamster specimens was inoculated onto Vero CCL-81 cells. The clinical specimens, hamster specimens, and Vero CCL-81 passages were sequenced to assess the mutational changes in different host species. The replication of the Omicron variant in hamsters was confirmed with the presence of a high viral load in nasal turbinate and lung specimens of both passages. The successful isolation of the virus from hamster specimens with Vero CCL-81 was observed with cytopathic effect in infected cells and high viral load in the cell suspension. The genome analysis revealed the presence of L212C mutation, Tyrosine 69 deletion, and C25000T nucleotide change in spike gene of hamster passage sequences and an absence of V17I mutation in E gene in hamster passage sequences, unlike human clinical specimen and Vero CCL-81 passages. No change was observed in the furin cleavage site in any of the specimen sequences, suggesting intact pathogenicity of the virus isolate. Our data demonstrated successful isolation of the Omicron variant with the in vivo method first followed by in vitro method. The virus isolate could be used in the future to explore different aspects of the Omicron variant

Interactions of Surfactants with the Bacterial Cell Wall and Inner Membrane: Revealing the Link between Aggregation and Antimicrobial Activity

Surfactants with their intrinsic ability to solubilize lipid membranes are widely used as antibacterial agents, and their interactions with the bacterial cell envelope are complicated by their differential aggregation tendencies. We present a combined experimental and molecular dynamics investigation to unravel the molecular basis for the superior antimicrobial activity and faster kill kinetics of shorter-chain fatty acid surfactant, laurate, when compared with the longer-chain surfactants studied in contact time assays with live Escherichia coli (E. coli). From all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, translocation events across peptidoglycan were the highest for laurate followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate, myristate, palmitate, oleate, and stearate. The translocation kinetics were positively correlated with the critical micellar concentration, which determined the free monomer surfactant concentration available for translocation across peptidoglycan. Interestingly, aggregates showed a lower propensity to translocate across the peptidoglycan layer and longer translocation times were observed for oleate, thereby revealing an intrinsic sieving property of the bacterial cell wall. Molecular dynamics simulations with surfactant-incorporated bacterial inner membranes revealed the greatest hydrophobic mismatch and membrane thinning in the presence of laurate when compared with the other surfactants. The enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of laurate over oleate was further verified by experiments with giant unilamellar vesicles, and electroporation molecular dynamics simulations revealed greater inner membrane poration tendency in the presence of laurate when compared with the longer-chain surfactants. Our study provides molecular insights into surfactant translocation across peptidoglycan and chain length-induced structural disruption of the inner membrane, which correlate with contact time kill efficacies observed as a function of chain length with E. coli. The insights gained from our study uncover unexplored barrier properties of the bacterial cell envelope to rationalize the development of antimicrobial formulations and therapeutics