Nevirapine induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a case report

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe mucocutaneous skin reaction with extensive necrosis and detachment of the epidermis. Nevirapine is one of the high risk agents implicated in development of SJS. Here, we present a case of 27 years old male with HIV infection who was diagnosed to have SJS following administration of nevirapine

A study of dengue and hepatopathy

Background: Dengue is a major international health concern that is prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It is 2nd most common arthropod borne disease in India. There are certain clinical features that are associated with Dengue in addition of the classical features. Previously organ impairment has been only considered under set up of severe disease. On the recent years, several studies have suggested the possibility of early involvement of the liver in dengue. Further due to its atypical presentation often dengue missed out as a differential diagnosis.Methods: A total of 50 patients were selected to be a part of study after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only those patients were included in the study who had classical features of dengue- fever with chills, body ache, headache, rash, bleeding manifestations and thrombocytopenia and had a positive ELISA test i.e. IgM antibodies against dengue virus. Patients who had malaria and enteric fever were excluded from the study. All patients were subjected to a detailed history and a thorough clinical examination. A complete blood count, liver function tests, renal function tests, chest X-ray and USG abdomen were also done.Results: An analysis of 50 patients suffering from dengue showed liver dysfunction was present in all patients. Vomiting was an important symptom present upto 70% of patients. SGOT levels were higher than SGPT levels. Hepatosplenomegaly and ascitis were also present in significant number of patients. An analysis of these patients revealed that patients typically demonstrate high grade fever, body ache, rash, thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency, there were other features such as liver dysfunction including a preferential rise of SGOT, hepatosplenomegaly, ascitis, pleural effusion and leucopoenia.Conclusions: This study showed that dengue fever was seen in the third decade and that AST and ALT levels were raised in the majority of these patients. It was also found that AST levels were more than ALT levels. So, AST and ALT can be a useful early marker to assess the severity of the disease which can thus lead to early recognition of high risk cases. The presence of raised liver enzymes in all patients, ascitis, hepatosplenomegaly, elevation of SGOT more than SGPT, should be kept in mind when evaluating patients with suspected dengue

Functional outcome of arthroscopic labral repair in adults for traumatic shoulder instability: a prospective study

Background: Anterior shoulder instability is often treated either by open procedure or arthroscopic method. present study to assess the functional outcome of the patients with recurrent dislocation of shoulder with Bankart lesion, treated with arthroscopic stabilization to evaluate shoulder function with labral tear and after repair of labral tear, to study epidemiology of labral tear and to study epidemiology of associated lesions. Methods: Prospective study in the 25 consented patients admitted in the orthopaedics department in new civil hospital Surat with different shoulder injury after IEC approval. Statistical analyses done in MS excel. Results: Mean age at time of first dislocation was 30 year and most (50%) were of 20-30 years. Most patients were males (92%). 84% of the cases, the dominant side is involved, right shoulder. Number of episodes of recurrent dislocation prior to surgery averaged 5 times. most common mechanism was Accidental fall (48%) followed by sports (32%), RTA (20%). Association of Hill-Sachs lesions was 80% with labral-tear secured with extra suture anchor. Preoperative parameters; number of dislocations, chronicity, reduction method do not have any significance on outcome. Rowe-score improved from 40.2% Preoperatively to 89.8% postoperatively at 12 weeks. 80% of patients is having excellent outcome. Conclusions: Arthroscopic Bankart’s repair is gold standard for labral tear due to recurrent shoulder dislocation which led to short surgery time, less intraoperative and postoperative complications, increased shoulder function among patients. Associated Hill Sach’s lesion should be repaired for better functional outcome

Characterization of human platelet binding of recombinant T cell receptor ligand

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recombinant T cell receptor ligands (RTLs) are bio-engineered molecules that may serve as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of neuroinflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). RTLs contain membrane distal α1 plus β1 domains of class II major histocompatibility complex linked covalently to specific peptides that can be used to regulate T cell responses and inhibit experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The mechanisms by which RTLs impede local recruitment and retention of inflammatory cells in the CNS, however, are not completely understood.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have recently shown that RTLs bind strongly to B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, but not to T cells, in an antigenic-independent manner, raising the question whether peripheral blood cells express a distinct RTL-receptor. Our study was designed to characterize the molecular mechanisms by which RTLs bind human blood platelets, and the ability of RTL to modulate platelet function.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our data demonstrate that human blood platelets support binding of RTL. Immobilized RTL initiated platelet intracellular calcium mobilization and lamellipodia formation through a pathway dependent upon Src and PI3 kinases signaling. The presence of RTL in solution reduced platelet aggregation by collagen, while treatment of whole blood with RTL prolonged occlusive thrombus formation on collagen.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Platelets, well-known regulators of hemostasis and thrombosis, have been implicated in playing a major role in inflammation and immunity. This study provides the first evidence that blood platelets express a functional RTL-receptor with a putative role in modulating pathways of neuroinflammation.</p

RBioCloud : a light-weight framework for bioconductor and R-based jobs on the Cloud

Large-scale ad hoc analytics of genomic data is popular using the R-programming language supported by over 700 software packages provided by Bioconductor. More recently, analytical jobs are benefitting from on-demand computing and storage, their scalability and their low maintenance cost, all of which are offered by the cloud. While Biologists and Bioinformaticists can take an analytical job and execute it on their personal workstations, it remains challenging to seamlessly execute the job on the cloud infrastructure without extensive knowledge of the cloud dashboard. How analytical jobs can not only with minimum effort be executed on the cloud, but also how both the resources and data required by the job can be managed is explored in this paper. An open-source light-weight framework for executing R-scripts using Bioconductor packages, referred to as ‘RBioCloud’, is designed and developed. RBioCloud offers a set of simple command-line tools for managing the cloud resources, the data and the execution of the job. Three biological test cases validate the feasibility of RBioCloud. The framework is available from http://www.rbiocloud.com.PostprintPeer reviewe