AFECÇÕES OCULARES EM CRIANÇAS DE 2 A 8 ANOS DA REDE PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL DE PIRACICABA – SP

Study model: observacional, retrospective. Objective: to determine the frequence of the ametropic errors and other ocular problems in children with 2 to 8 year-old at Piracicaba – SP.Patients and Method: During the school year of 2000, 1001 children enrolled at the public schools of Piracicaba – SP, age ranged from 2 to 8 years old, were referred to complete ophthalmological exam. Visual acuity was previously determined using Snellen chart, applied by school teachers. Those children presenting visual acuity equal or less than 0,8, visual complaints or visual disorders were selected to appointment to determine the frequence of the ametropic errors and other ocular problems in children with 2 to 8 year-old at Piracicaba –SP. Patients and Method: During the school year of 2000, 1001 children enrolled at the public schools of Piracicaba – SP, age ranged from 2 to 8 years old, were referred to complete ophthalmological exam. Visual acuity was previously determined using Snellen chart, applied by school teachers. Those children presenting visual acuity equal or less than 0,8, visual complaints or visual disorders were selected to appointment. Results: 51 children (5,09%) did not attended to examination. 950 children were submitted to complete ophthalmological exam. Ametropic errors were found 70,84% of the children. The most prevalent refractive errors were Hypermetropic Astigmatism (49,62%) and Hypermetropia (32,98%). Anisometropia was found in 1,78% children. Other ocular disabilities accounted for 10,21% of the examined children, such as strabismus (3,36%), eyelid changes, allergic conjunctivitis, congenital dacryostenosis, optic atrophy, corioretinitis and congenital glaucoma.Conclusion: The frequence of ocular problems observed let us to conclude the screening programs are valid surveys on decreasing rates of preventable blindness in our country.Modelo do Estudo: observacional. Objetivo: determinar a freqüência de ametropias e outros distúrbios oculares em uma população de crianças de 2 a 8 anos de idade, das escolas públicas municipais de Piracicaba - SP. Pacientes e Método: durante o ano letivo de 2000, foram encaminhadas para exame oftalmológico, completo 1001 crianças com idade entre 2 e 8 anos, matriculadas nas escolas públicas municipais de Piracicaba-SP. A medida de acuidade visual (tabela E de Snellen) foi previamente avaliada por professoras treinadas. As crianças que apresentaram acuidade visual menor ou igual a 0,8, bem como queixas ou sinais oftalmológicos, foram selecionadas para exame. Resultados: dentre 1001 crianças selecionadas, 5,09% não compareceram ao exame, foram submetidas a exame oftalmológico completo 950 crianças. Detectaram-se ametropias em 70,84%, sendo o astigmatismo hipermetrópico composto e a hipermetropia, simples os erros refracionais prevalentes (49,62% e 32,98%, respectivamente). Anisometropia foi observada em 1,78% dos examinados. Outras afecções oculares foram constatadas em 10,21% das crianças; estrabismo (3,36%), alterações palpebrais, conjuntivite alérgica, dacrioestenose congênita, atrofia óptica, coriorretinite e glaucoma congênito. Conclusão: a freqüência dos problemas oculares, observados indica quão importante é a realização de campanhas do tipo da apresentada para a redução dos índices de cegueira prevenível , no Brasil

Tubo de Lester-Jones: indicações e resultados Lester-Jones tube: indications and results

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as indicações, resultados e complicações advindas do seu uso. MÉTODOS: Avaliaram-se retrospectivamente 25 pacientes submetidos a 27 conjuntivorrinostomias com colocação de tubo de Lester-Jones. Foram estudados os dados do portador, a etiologia da afecção e as complicações que ocorreram no intra e no pós-operatório. Os dados foram avaliados segundo a freqüência de ocorrência. RESULTADOS: O tubo de Lester-Jones foi usado igualmente em ambos os sexos, mais em indivíduos abaixo dos 10 ou acima dos 50 anos de idade. As causas mais freqüentes para utilização foram a idiopática ou a agenesia congênita de pontos e canalículos. Houve melhora dos sintomas em 88% dos pacientes. Complicações ocorreram em 59,25% dos casos, dentre as quais: extrusão (40,74%) e a migração (14,8%) do tubo. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar das complicações observadas, o índice de cura com a utilização do tubo de Lester-Jones é alto, sendo boa opção para o tratamento das obstruções lacrimais altas.<br>PURPOSE: To evaluate the results and the complications occurring with this procedure. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed charts of 25 patients (27 lacrimal viers) with upper lacrimal system obstruction who underwent conjunctivorhinostomy and Lester-Jones tube bypass. The patients were evaluated according to gender, causative factors and the com plications during and after surgery. The data were submitted to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The Lester-Jones bypass tube was used in both sexes and most frequently in patients under 10 or above 50 years. The most common obstructive factor was unknown and congenital agenesis. Eighty-eight per cent of the patients had no epiphora at the end of the treatment. Complications occurred in 59.25% of the patients, most of them related to tube extrusion (40.74%) or migration (14.8%). The authors concluded that the Lester-Jones bypass tube is a good option to treat the upper lacrimal obstruction, in spite of the observed complications

Complicações da blefaroplastia superior

The blepharoplasty has been performed with great frequency due to the appreciation of aesthetic surgery. The complications related to this procedure are rare. This case report aims to emphasize complications that can occur. T.J.S.P., 45 years old, female, white, resident of Botucatu City, presented dermatocalase bilaterally. We opted to perform upper blepharoplasty bilateral, by removing skin and fat of the upper eyelid. In the postoperative period was observed left eyelid ptosis. We decided to reinsert the levator muscle of the left upper eyelid. One month after the ptosis correction, retraction was observed in both upper eyelid. The patient was then submitted to surgery for the correction of eyelid retraction by disinsertion of the muscle of Muller. Two months after this last surgery, the patient presented right eyelid ptosis and worsening of eyelid retraction to the left. New surgery for correction of the eyelid retraction was made, using free graft sclera for elongation of the left eyelid levator muscle, with good results.The authors presented a patient who underwent a blepharoplasty and developed ptosis in the post-operative period, followed by eyelid retraction. These two possibilities may occur as a complication of blepharoplasty and the surgeon must be careful to handle in an appropriate way, in order to get the result that the patient expects to have

Afecções oculares em crianças de 2 a 8 anos da rede pública municipal de Piracicaba - SP

Study model: observacional, retrospective. Objective: to determine the frequence of the ametropic errors and other ocular problems in children with 2 to 8 year-old at Piracicaba - SP. Patients and Method: During the school year of 2000, 1001 children enrolled at the public schools of Piracicaba - SP, age ranged from 2 to 8 years old, were referred to complete ophthalmological exam. Visual acuity was previously determined using Snellen chart, applied by school teachers. Those children presenting visual acuity equal or less than 0.8, visual complaints or visual disorders were selected to appointment. Results: 51 children (5.09%) did not attended to examination. 950 children were submitted to complete ophthalmological exam. Ametropic errors were found 70.84% of the children. The most prevalent refractive errors were Hypermetropic Astigmatism (49.62%) and Hypermetropia (32,98%). Anisometropia was found in 1.78% children. Other ocular disabilities accounted for 10.21% of the examined children, such as strabismus (3.36%), eyelid changes, allergic conjunctivitis, congenital dacryostenosis, optic atrophy, corioretinitis and congenital glaucoma. Conclusion: The frequence of ocular problems observed let us to conclude the screening programs are valid surveys on decreasing rates of preventable blindness in our country

Efeito cicloplégico na refração automatizada

Purpose: To show the importance of the cicloplegic method in the refraction evaluation comparing the automated refraction (subjective and objective) and the subjective static refraction. Method: One-hundred patients (200 eyes) between 5 and 40 years were prospectivelly evaluated according the static and dynamic automated refraction and the subjective static refraction, using an automated refractor Nidek ARK - 900. The data were submitted to statical evaluation. Results: The concordance indices were better after cycloplegia mainly in relation of the spheric degree and cílindric axes. Conclusion: Cycloplegia is very important to have accurace in the automated refraction in patients before 40 year-old