Stationary rotation of the unbalanced rotor with the liquid autobalancing device under action of external friction forces

Influence of external friction forces on rotation of the rotor with the liquid autobalancing device is considered. The liquid in the balancing chamber at stationary movement rotates together with the rotor as solids. Analytical expressions for deflection of the shaft, unbalance of the system and the necessary rotating moment from the engine providing rotation with set speed are received

Stationary rotation stability of unbalanced rotor with autobalancing device with liquid on flexible shaft

The condition of rotor rotation stability with liquid autobalancing device consisting of chamber, float and incompressible homogeneous liquid filling the space between them has been obtained. The restoring force and forces of internal and external friction take effect on the rotor. The latter depend linearly respectively on strain rate and absolute velocity of rotor connection point to the shaf

Investigation of Input Signal Curve Effect on Formed Pulse of Hydraulic-Powered Pulse Machine

Well drilling machines should have as high efficiency factor as it is possible. This work proposes factors that are affected by change of input signal pulse curve. A series of runs are conducted on mathematical model of hydraulic-powered pulse machine. From this experiment, interrelations between input pulse curve and construction parameters are found. Results of conducted experiment are obtained with the help of the mathematical model, which is created in Simulink Matlab

Optimization of hole generation in Ti/CFRP stacks

The article aims to describe methods for improving the surface quality and hole accuracy in Ti/CFRP stacks by optimizing cutting methods and drill geometry. The research is based on the fundamentals of machine building, theory of probability, mathematical statistics, and experiment planning and manufacturing process optimization theories. Statistical processing of experiment data was carried out by means of Statistica 6 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Surface geometry in Ti stacks was analyzed using a Taylor Hobson Form Talysurf i200 Series Profilometer, and in CFRP stacks - using a Bruker ContourGT-K1 Optical Microscope. Hole shapes and sizes were analyzed using a Carl Zeiss CONTURA G2 Measuring machine, temperatures in cutting zones were recorded with a FLIR SC7000 Series Infrared Camera. Models of multivariate analysis of variance were developed. They show effects of drilling modes on surface quality and accuracy of holes in Ti/CFRP stacks. The task of multicriteria drilling process optimization was solved. Optimal cutting technologies which improve performance were developed. Methods for assessing thermal tool and material expansion effects on the accuracy of holes in Ti/CFRP/Ti stacks were developed

Действие противовирусных миРНК на выработку цитокинов in vitro

Objectives. To evaluate the dynamics of the expression level of IL-1β and IL-28β (IFN-λ3) genes as a result of complex knockdown of some cellular genes, whose expression products play an important role in the reproduction of the influenza virus.Methods. Following the collection of virus-containing liquid and cell lysate within three days from the moment of transfection and infection, the intensity of viral reproduction was assessed using the cytopathic effect titration method. The concentration of viral ribonucleic acid (vRNA) and change in the expression of IL-1β and IL-28β (IFN-λ3) were determined by real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-qPCR). The nonparametric Mann–Whitney test was used to statistically calculate significant differences between groups.Results. The use of each small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) complex led to a decrease in viral reproduction on the first day at the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001. The use of complex A (FLT4.2 + Nup98.1) and D (FLT4.2 + Nup98.1 + Nup205) led to a decrease in viral titer by 2.8 lgTCID50/mL and by 2.1 lgTCID50/mL relative to the use of nonspecific L2 siRNA and viral control (p ≤ 0.05). Transfection of complexes B (Nup98.1 + Nup205) and C (FLT4.2 + Nup205) also reduced the viral titer by 1.5 lgTCID50/mL and 1.8 lgTCID50/mL relative to nonspecific L2 siRNA and viral control (p ≤ 0.05). When conducting real-time RT-qPCR, a significant decrease in the concentration of viral RNA was also noted. When using complexes B, C, and D, the concentration of vRNA decreased on the first day by 14.5, 4.1, and 15 times, respectively. On the second day, a decrease in vRNA was observed in cells with B and D complexes by 17.1 and 18.3 times (p ≤ 0.05). Along with a decrease in the viral titer and vRNA, an increase in the expression of the IL-1β and IL-28β genes was observed on the first day when using all siRNA complexes relative to nonspecific and viral controls (p ≤ 0.05). On the second day, an increase was also observed in cells with A and D complexes, while on the third day, there was an increase in the expression of these genes in cells with complex D (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusions. The use of siRNA complexes is shown to have a pronounced antiviral effect while simultaneously suppressing the activity of cellular genes (FLT4, Nup98 and Nup205). In parallel, the transfection of complexes that block the formation of expression products necessary for viral reproduction is demonstrated to lead to an increase in the level of expression of the IL-1β and IL-28β genes. These results indicate not only that the use of siRNA has antiviral activity, but also immunomodulatory activity, which can contribute to a more effective immune response of the body.Цели. Оценить динамику уровня экспрессии генов IL-1β и IL-28β (IFN-λ3) в результате комплексного нокдауна некоторых клеточных генов, чьи продукты экспрессии играют важную роль в репродукции вируса гриппа.Методы. Вируссодержащую жидкость и клеточный лизат отбирали в течение 3-х дней с момента трансфекции и заражения и оценивали интенсивность вирусной репродукции методами титрования по цитопатическому действию. Концентрацию вирусной рибонуклеиновой кислоты (вРНК) и изменение экспрессии IL-1β и IL-28β (IFN-λ3) определяли методом обратной транскрипции и полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени (ОТ-ПЦР-РВ). Для вычисления статистически значимых различий между группами использовали непараметрический критерий Манна-Уитни.Результаты. Использование каждого комплекса малых интерферирующих РНК (миРНК) приводило к снижению вирусной репродукции на 1-е сутки при множественности заражения 0.001. Применение комплексов A (FLT4.2 + Nup98.1) и D (FLT4.2 + Nup98.1 + Nup205) приводило к снижению вирусного титра на 2.8 lgТЦД50/мл и на 2.1 lgТЦД50/мл относительно применения неспецифической миРНК L2 и вирусного контроля (р ≤ 0.05). результате трансфекции комплексов B (Nup98.1 + Nup205) и C (FLT4.2 + Nup205) вирусный титр также снижался на 1.5 lgТЦД50/мл и 1.8 lgТЦД50/мл соответственно относительно неспецифической миРНК L2 и вирусного контроля (р ≤ 0.05). При проведении ОТ-ПЦР-РВ также было отмечено достоверное уменьшение концентрации вРНК. При использовании комплексов B, C и D концентрация вРНК снижалась на 1-е сутки в 14.5, 4.1 и 15.0 раз соответственно. На 2-е сутки в клетках с комплексами B и D наблюдалось уменьшение концентрации вРНК в 17.1 и 18.3 раз (р ≤ 0.05). Наряду со снижением вирусного титра и вРНК наблюдалось повышение экспрессии генов IL-1β и IL-28β на 1-е сутки при использовании всех комплексов миРНК относительно неспецифического и вирусного контроля (р ≤ 0.05). На 2-е сутки также наблюдалось повышение экспрессии в клетках с комплексами A и D, а на третьи – в клетках с комплексом D (р ≤0.05).Выводы. Исследование показало, что применение комплексов миРНК приводит к выраженному противовирусному эффекту при одновременном подавлении активности клеточных генов (FLT4, Nup98 и Nup205). Параллельно с этим было выявлено, что при трансфекции комплексов, блокирующих образование продуктов экспрессии, необходимых для вирусной репродукции, повышается уровень экспрессии генов IL-1β и IL-28β. Данные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что используемые миРНК обладают не только противовирусной, но также и иммуномодулирующей активностью, что способствует более эффективному иммунному ответу организма

Phylogeny, phylogeography and hybridization of Caucasian barbels of the genus Barbus (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae)

Phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of six species of Caucasian barbels, the genus Barbus s. str., were studied based on extended geographic coverage and using mtDNA and nDNA markers. Based on 27 species studied, matrilineal phylogeny of the genus Barbus is composed of two clades ¿ (a) West European clade, (b) Central and East European clade. The latter comprises two subclades: (b1) Balkanian subclade, and (b2) Ponto-Caspian one that includes 11 lineages mainly from Black and Caspian Sea drainages. Caucasian barbels are not monophyletic and subdivided for two groups. The Black Sea group encompasses species from tributaries of Black Sea including re-erected B. rionicus and excluding B. kubanicus. The Caspian group includes B. ciscaucasicus, B. cyri (with B. goktschaicus that might be synonymized with B. cyri), B. lacerta from the Tigris-Euphrates basin and B. kubanicus from the Kuban basin. Genetic structure of Black Sea barbels was influenced by glaciation-deglaciation periods accompanying by freshwater phases, periods of migration and colonization of Black Sea tributaries. Intra- and intergeneric hybridization among Caucasian barbines was revealed. In the present study, we report about finding of B. tauricus in the Kuban basin, where only B. kubanicus was thought to inhabit. Hybrids between these species were detected based on both mtDNA and nDNA markers. Remarkably, Kuban population of B. tauricus is distant to closely located conspecific populations and we consider it as relic. We highlight revealing the intergeneric hybridization between evolutionary tetraploid (2n=100) B. goktschaicus and evolutionary hexaploid (2n=150) Capoeta sevangi in Lake Sevan.The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 15-14-10020); final stage of the study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants nos. 18-54-05003 and 19-04-00719)

Лечение экспираторного стеноза трахеи в сочетании с бронхоэктатической болезнью у реципиента донорских легких (первое наблюдение в Российской Федерации)

Lung transplantation is the final treatment option for end-stage lung failure. In 2019, 63,530 lung transplants were performed worldwide [13]. Due to the variety of diseases causing patients to resort to lung transplant surgeries, there is a wide range of different complications and conditions that are subject to an individual clinical approach to determine treatment tactics. Each case is of great clinical interest due to the small amount of these operations and the complexity of postoperative rehabilitation, which requires a multidisciplinary approach [12]. We present a report on a surgical treatment of expiratory tracheal stenosis in combination with bronchiectasis in a lung recipient.Трансплантация легких – единственный радикальный метод лечения заболеваний легких в терминальной стадии дыхательной недостаточности. К 2019 году в мире выполнено 63 530 трансплантаций легких [13]. В силу многообразия заболеваний, приводящих пациентов к пересадке легких, существует широкий спектр различных осложнений и состояний, которые подлежат индивидуальному клиническому подходу для определения тактики лечения. Каждый случай представляет огромный интерес с клинической точки зрения в силу небольшого количества данных операций и сложности послеоперационной реабилитации, требующей мультидисциплинарного подхода [12]. Мы представляем  клиническое наблюдение хирургического лечения экспираторного стеноза трахеи в  сочетании с бронхоэктатической болезнью у пациента после трансплантации легких

Трансплантация легких при первичной легочной артериальной гипертензии: особенности периоперационного периода

Lung transplantation (LT) for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) now is the only radical treatment of this disease.Aim: to analyze own experience of performing LT in patients with IPAH.Materials and methods. 8 adult IPAH patients, who underwent LT between 2014 and october 2018, were included. In 7 of 8 patients undergoing bilateral lung transplantation on intraoperative venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) with prolongation into the postoperative period.Results. VA ECMO support was prolonged into postoperative period 6 and 7 days respectively in 2 (25,0%) patients and 3 days in 6 (75,0%) patients. Hospital mortality in IPAH patients was 1.Conclusions. Own experience demonstrates that LT is an effective method of treatment in patients with IPAH. Hospital, 1- and 3-year survival rates for the patient collective were 87.5, 75.0 and 75.0% respectively.Первичная легочная артериальная гипертензия (ПЛАГ) – необратимое заболевание, единственным методом радикального лечения которого является трансплантация легких (ТЛ).Цель исследования: анализ собственного опыта выполнения ТЛ у пациентов с ПЛАГ.Материалы и методы. В исследование включили 8 взрослых реципиентов, которым была выполнена ТЛ в период с 2014-го по октябрь 2018 г. Всем реципиентам была выполнена двусторонняя последовательная трансплантация легких. У 7 из 8 реципиентов ТЛ осуществляли в условиях периферической ВА ЭКМО.Результаты. В послеоперационном периоде первичная дисфункция 3-й степени по классификации ISHLT развилась у 2 (25,0%) из 8 реципиентов, которая проявилась невозможностью прекращения ВА ЭКМО. Общая продолжительность применения ЭКМО у этих пациентов (n = 2) составила 6 и 7 суток. У других 6 (75,0%) реципиентов проявления ранней дисфункции пересаженных легких не носили столь напряженного характера (2-я степень по классификации ISHLT), и продолжительность послеоперационной ВА ЭКМО составила 3 суток. Госпитальная летальность у реципиентов легких, оперированных по поводу ЛАГ, составила 1 наблюдение.Заключение. Собственный опыт демонстрирует, что ТЛ является эффективной лечебной мерой у пациентов с ПЛАГ с показателями госпитальной, 1- и 3-летней выживаемости соответственно 87,5; 75,0 и 75,0%

Использование криотехнологий в трансплантации легких и сердечно-легочного комплекса

Bronchial complications, along with development and progression of chronic dysfunction on the background of chronic rejection, are factors that reduce the quality and life of lung and heart-lung recipients. They also increase the frequency of hospitalizations. Application of cryotechnology is based on the contact effect of extremely low temperatures on organs and tissues using a cryoprobe. This article demonstrates the experience of using cryotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of complications in lung and heart-lung recipients.Бронхиальные осложнения наряду с развитием и прогрессированием хронической дисфункции на фоне хронического отторжения являются факторами, снижающими качество и продолжительность жизни реципиентов легких и сердечно-легочного комплекса, а также увеличивающими частоту госпитализаций. В основе применения криотехнологий лежит контактное воздействие чрезвычайно низких температур на органы и ткани с помощью криозонда. В данной статье демонстрируется опыт применения криотехнологий в диагностике и лечении осложнений у реципиентов легких и сердечно-легочного комплекса

Nuclear Interactions Of Super High Energy Cosmic-rays Observed In Mountain Emulsion Chambers

Here we present a summary of joint discussions on the results of three mountain experiments with large-scale emulsion chambers, at Pamir, Mt. Fuji and Chacaltaya. Observations cover gamma quanta, hadrons and their clusters (called "families"). The following topics are covered, concerning the characteristics of nuclear interactions the energy region 1014-1016 eV: (i) rapid dissipation seen in atmospheric diffusion of high-energy cosmic-rays; (ii) multiplicity and Pt increase in produced pi-mesons in the fragmentation region; (iii) existence of large-Pt jets, (iv) extremely hadron-rich family of the Centauro type; (v) exotic phenomena in the extremely high energy region beyond 1016 eV. © 1981.1911125(1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60)(1973) 13th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 3, p. 2228(1975) 14th Int. Cosmic-Ray Conf., 7, p. 2365(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 334(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 344(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 6816th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf. (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 284(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 294(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 87(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 92(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 98(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 94(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 145(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 317(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 350(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 356(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 362Nikolsky, Proc. 9th Int. High-energy Symp. (1978) CSSR, 21. , ToborMiyake, (1978) Proc. 19th Int. Conf. on High-energy physics, p. 433Vernov, (1977) Physica, 3, p. 1601Khristiansen, (1978) JETP Lett., 28, p. 124(1973) 13th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 3, p. 2219Izv. Acad. Nauk USSR, ser Phys. (1974) Izv. Acad. Nauk USSR, ser Phys., 38, p. 918(1975) 14th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 2365(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 68Dunaevsky, Urysson, Emelyanov, Shorin, Tashimov, (1975) FIAN preprint no. 150Dunaevsky, Urysson, Emelyanov, Shorin, Tashinov, (1979) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 199Ivanenko, Kanevskya, Roganova, (1978) JETP Lett., 40, p. 704Ivanenko, Kanevsky, Roganova, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 101Ivanenko, Kanevsky, Roganova, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 198Wrotniak, (1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 165Krys, Tomaszevski, Wrotniak, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 182Krys, Tomaszevski, Wrotniak, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 186Fomin, Kempa, Khristiansen, Levina, Piotrowska, Wdowczyk, (1977) 15th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 248Fomin, Kempa, Khristiansen, Levina, Piotrowska, Wdowczyk, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 82Azimov, Mullazhanov, Yuldashbayev, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 262Azimov, Mullazhanov, Yuldashbayev, (1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 275Kasahara, Torri, Yuda, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 70Kasahara, Torii, Yuda, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 79Shibata, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 176H. Semba, T. Shibata and T. Tabuki, Suppl. Prog. Theor. Phys., to be publishedZhdanov, Roinishvilli, Smorodin, Tomaszevski, (1975) FIAN preprint no. 163Lattes, Fujimoto, Hasegawa, Hadronic interactions of high energy cosmic-ray observed by emulsion chambers (1980) Physics Reports, 65, p. 152Ellsworth, Gaisser, Yodh, (1981) Phys. Rev., 23 D, p. 764Baradzei, Smorodin, (1974) FIAN preprint nos. 103, 104Baradzei, Smorodin, (1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 51Zhdanov, (1980) FIAN preprint no. 140H. Semba, T. Shibata and T. Tabuki, Suppl. Prog. Theor. Phys., to be publishedShibata, (1980) Phys. Rev., 22 D, p. 100Slavatinsky, (1980) Proc. 7th European Symp. on Cosmic rays, , Leningrad, to be published(1979) AIP Conference Proc. no. 49, p. 145Azimov, Abduzhamilov, Chudakov, (1963) JETP (Sov. Phys.), 45, p. 40713th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf. (1973) 13th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 5, p. 326Acharya, Rao, Sivaprasad, Rao, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 289Ellsworth, Goodman, Yodh, Gaisser, Stanev, (1981) Phys. Rev., 23 D, p. 771Bariburina, Guseva, Denisova, (1980) Acta Univ. Lodz, 1, p. 9415th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf. (1977) 15th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 184(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 33