Influence of physic-mechanical properties on a choice of metallurgical slags processing technology

Проаналізовано фізико-механічні властивості шлаків після первинної переробки – тер-мічного (термоудар) і механічного впливу на розплав, схильність відвальних шлаків до розпаду – структурним перетворенням, і можливі види механічної переробки для отримання різних видів шлакової продукції. Наводиться технологічна схема переробки відвальних шлаків (можливе застосування також і для шлаків поточного випуску) з витяганням металу і отриманням широкого спектру шлакової продукції, включаючи в'яжучі матеріали.Проанализированы физико-механические свойства шлаков после первичной переработки – термического (термоудар) и механического воздействия на расплав, склонность отвальных шлаков к распаду – структурным превращениям, и возможные виды механической переработки для получения разных видов шлаковой продукции. Приводится технологическая схема переработки отвальных шлаков (применимо и для шлаков текущего выпуска) с извлечением металла и получением широкого спектра шлаковой продукции, включая вяжущие материалы.Physical and mechanical properties of the slag after the initial processing – thermal (thermal shock) and mechanical impact on the melt, the dump slag inclination to disintegration – structural transformations and the possible kinds of mechanical processing to produce different types of slag products were analyzed. Technological scheme of dump slag (it can also be applied to the current release slags) with metal extraction and of slag products wide range, including cementations materials were given

Magnetocaloric Effect in BiFe1−xZnxO3 Multiferroics

Ceramic BiFe1−xZnxO3 multiferroic samples were prepared by the solid combustion method for x = 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2. Structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of the multiferroics have been studied. For all samples, an antiferromagnetic phase transition is observed in the region of 630 K. With increase in x, the reduction in magnitude of magnetization and Neel temperature is observed. The magnetocaloric properties, entropy, relative cooling power, and heat capacity have been calculated within the framework of thermodynamic theory. It has been established that the maximum changes of magnetocaloric properties of multiferroics are observed in the region of magnetic phase transition

Structure and dielectric properties of Bi0.80Gd0.20-xLaxFeO3 multiferroics

The structural and dielectric properties of Bi0.80Gd0.20–xLa x FeO3 (x = 0–0.20) samples are studied by means of X-ray diffraction and dielectric spectroscopy. Room-temperature dielectric functions are examined experimentally at 1–1010 Hz. The dielectric properties are characterized theoretically using the Debye model with Cole–Cole and Cole–Davidson distributions of relaxation times. Correlations between structural parameters and dielectric properties are established

Uncontrolled course of respiratory allergic diseases in pregnant women

A.A. Paschenko1, Yu.E. Dobrokhotova1, D.S. Fomina2,3, M.G. Pashchenko4 1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation 2City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation 3I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), &nbsp; Moscow, Russian Federation 4P.V. Mandryka Central Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation The article presents the analysis of literature data on the pathogenesis, course and pharmacotherapy in pregnancy during respiratory allergic diseases. The article also considers the systematized ARIA recommendations (Updated 2020) on the diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis (AR) in pregnancy, differential diagnosis concerning nasal breathing disorders of atopic and non-atopic etiology during gestation, and the developed therapeutic methods for the patient management (in particular, pregnant women) with an allergic phenotype (a combination of asthma with allergic rhinitis and/or atopic dermatitis). The association between the uncontrolled course of allergic rhinitis in pregnant women and the risk of the bronchial asthma onset has been proven. Of utmost importance, for improving perinatal outcomes is the optimization of therapy and symptom control of allergic diseases during pregnancy in the interdisciplinary practice of an obstetrician-g ynecologist and allergist/immunologist. AR in pregnancy should be differentiated from the most common form of nasal breathing disorders in pregnant women — vasomotor rhinitis. Severe uncontrolled vasomotor rhinitis in pregnant women, as an individual nosological form, can worsen the existing AR and bronchial asthma course. The authors present a mathod for the AR step therapy based on pharmacological characteristics and safety profile of drugs in pregnancy. Keywords: allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, pregnancy, vasomotor rhinitis of pregnant women, pharmacotherapy, obstetric complications. For citation: Paschenko A.A., Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Fomina D.S., Pashchenko M.G. Uncontrolled course of respiratory allergic diseases in pregnant women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):122–128 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-122-128. </p

Current treatment approach to allergic disorders in pregnancy

Current treatment approach to allergic disorders in pregnancy E.I. Borovkova1, I.M. Borovkov2, V.I. Koroleva1, A.A. Pashchenko3 1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation 2Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation 3National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov,&nbsp; Moscow, Russian Federation&nbsp; The article addresses the results of systematic review of current published data on management strategy of pregnancy associated with allergic disorders. Difficulties in the diagnosis are accounted for by physiological changes and failure to perform standard testing. All diagnostic procedures aimed at identifying allergic diseases should be carried out at the stage of pregnancy planning, which is associated with an increased risk of using skin tests and stress tests. Vasomotor rhinitis of pregnancy, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, and rhinitis medicamentosa are the most common conditions during pregnancy. Their treatment should be started with non-medical therapies, i.e., nasal lavage with salt solutions, inhalations of cromolyn sodium preparations, corticosteroids, and H1 blockers. Treatment for atopic dermatitis includes emollients and oral antihistamines. Topical hydrocortisone formulations (2C) are additional therapies. Allergic reactions do not directly affect the risk of obstetric complications. Keywords: allergy, vasomotor rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, urticaria, dermatosis of pregnancy, corticosteroids, histamine receptor blockers. For citation: Borovkova E.I., Borovkov I.M., Koroleva V.I., Pashchenko A.A. Current treatment approach to allergic disorders in pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(2):70–76. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-2-70-76. </p

Practical tips on counseling pregnant women with group B Streptococcus infection

A.A. Pashchenko1, L.S. Dzhokhadze1,&nbsp;Yu.E. Dobrokhotova1,&nbsp;T.S. Kotomina2, A.N. Efremov2 1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation 2Branch of the City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation Interpretation of smears identified group B Streptococcus (S. agalactiae) in various titers in urogenital epithelium depending on gestation term and management of pregnant women requiring antibiotics are still disputable among inpatient and outpatient obstetricians and gynecologists. It was demonstrated that S. agalactiae persistence in pregnant women without timely antibacterial therapy during delivery to eliminate microbes is reliably associated with severe infectious complications in the early neonatal period (e.g., newborn meningitis or sepsis). This paper systematically reviews recent publications and analyzes current clinical guidelines of global professional medical associations on the colonization of the urogenital tract of pregnant women with group B Streptococcus. The authors provide recommendations on managing pregnant women with S. agalactiae infection depending on gestation terms and microbial count to improve the diagnosis and medical treatment algorithms. Principles of rational pharmacotherapy in these pregnant women (including those in the intranatal period) are addressed. Keywords: group B streptococcus, S. agalactia, GBS colonization, systematic review, asymptomatic bacteriuria, rational pharmacotherapy, pregnant women. For citation: Pashchenko A.A., Dzhokhadze L.S.,&nbsp;Dobrokhotova Yu.E.&nbsp;et al. Practical tips on counseling pregnant women with group B Streptococcus infection. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):51–57 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-51-57. </p

Influence of rare-earth doping on the structural and dielectric properties of orthoferrite La0.50R0.50FeO3 ceramics synthesized under high pressure

The effect of co-doping on the structural and dielectric properties of the La0.50R0.50FeO3 orthoferrites for a full number of substitutions (R ј CeeLu) has been experimentally and theoretically studied using X-ray diffraction, SEM, EDS, and dielectric spectroscopy methods. The La0.50R0.50FeO3 ceramics with R ј Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, and Er, prepared by a solid-state reaction method under cold pressing at high pressure P ј 4 GPa, have been taken as a basis. Structural parameters in the La0.50R0.50FeO3 orthoferrites have been obtained using Rietveld refinement of X-ray experimental data with their further approximation by linear dependence. Monotonic change in crystal lattice parameters, orthorhombic distortion degree, global instability index, and Goldschmidt tolerance factor have been observed for all samples doped by different R-cations. With increase in the radius of R-cation, a growth in an average grain size has been detected. The investigation of dielectric properties in a wide frequency range of 10А1e1010 Hz and their theoretical description with determining main mechanisms of dielectric polarization made it possible to establish regularities among a type of doping R-cation, crystal-chemical parameters and dielectric properties. The studied ceramic La0.50R0.50FeO3 samples demonstrate colossal dielectric constant ~ 104 and relatively small dielectric loss tangent in a low-frequency range. The obtained results can be useful for further application of orthoferrite-based materials as sensor and switching devices

Pressure effect on magnetic susceptibility of LaCoO₃

The effect of pressure on magnetic properties of LaCoO₃ is studied experimentally and theoretically. The pressure dependence of magnetic susceptibility χ of LaCoO₃ is obtained by precise measurements of χ as a function of the hydrostatic pressure P up to 2 kbar in the temperature range from 78 K to 300 K. A pronounced magnitude of the pressure effect is found to be negative in sign and strongly temperature dependent. The obtained experimental data are analysed by using a two-level model and DFT+U calculations of the electronic structure of LaCoO₃ . In particular, the fixed spin moment method was employed to obtain a volume dependence of the total energy difference Δ between the low spin and the intermediate spin states of LaCoO₃ . Analysis of the obtained experimental χ(P) dependence within the two-level model, as well as our DFT+U calculations, have revealed the anomalous large decrease in the energy difference Δ with increasing of the unit cell volume. This effect, taking into account a thermal expansion, can be responsible for the temperatures dependence of Δ, predicting its vanishing near room temperature