The use of FK-506 for small intestine llotransplantation: Inhibition of acute rejection and prevention of fatal graft-versus-host disease

Small intestine allotransplantation in humans is not yet feasible due to the failure of the current methods of immunosuppression. FK-506, a powerful new immunosuppressive agent that is synergistic with cyclosporine, allows long-term survival of recipients of cardiac, renal, and hepatic allografts. This study compares the effects of FK-506 and cyclosporine on host survival, graft rejection, and graft-versus-host-disease in a rat small intestine transplantation model. Transplants between strongly histoincompatible ACI and Lewis (LEW) strain rats, and their Fi progeny are performed so that graft rejection alone is genetically permitted (F1→LEW) or GVHD alone permitted (LEW→F1) or that both immunologic processes are allowed to occur simultaneously (ACI—»LEW). Specific doses of FK-506 result in prolonged graft and host survival in all genetic combinations tested. Furthermore, graft rejection is prevented (ACI→LEW model) or inhibited (rejection only model) and lethal acute GVHD is eliminated. Even at very high doses, cyclosporine did not prevent graft rejection or lethal GVHD, nor did it allow long-term survival of the intestinal graft or the host. Animals receiving low doses of cyclosporine have outcomes similar to the untreated control groups. No toxicity specific to FK-506 is noted, but earlier studies by other investigators suggest otherwise. © 1990 by Williams & Wilkin

Selección del Inóculo en la Producción Biológica de Hidrógeno

En la necesidad de estudiar bioprocesos limpios, el hidrógeno surge como una alternativa prometedora de energía. La biomasa provee un método para la obtención de hidrógeno y la degradación de desechos orgánicos a través de la fermentación. Un aspecto crucial es la inhibición de bacterias consumidoras de hidrógeno. Se investigó el efecto del tratamiento preliminar del inóculo para obtener una especie productora de hidrógeno a partir de consorcios naturales. El estudio se llevó a cabo en cultivos batch. Se realizaron dos tipos de tratamiento: enriquecimiento ácido y shock térmico. Se evaluaron tres tipos de consorcios: tierra, abono y lodos. El inóculo tratado se cultivó a pH 5,5 y se incubó a 35 °C. El tratamiento térmico resultó más eficiente e inhibió totalmente los microorganismos metanogénicos. El consorcio de lodos exhibió una velocidad de producción más alta y el abono una marcada tendencia al aumento de la producción

Induction of stable chimerism and elimination of graft-versus-host disease by depletion of T lymphocytes from bone marrow using immunomagnetic beads

The goal of transplantation is the induction of immunologic tolerance. At present, nonspecific immunosuppression is used to prevent graft rejection and, commonly, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Nevertheless, nonspecific immunosuppressive therapy is frequently complicated by infection, malignant tumors, and drug toxicity. In order to examine whether hematopoietic chimerism can be used to induce specific allograft tolerance, we have reconstituted lethally irradiated Lewis rats with ACI bone marrow that has been depleted of T cells with use of immunomagnetic beads. This technique consists of binding OX-19, a mouse anti-rat pan- T lymphocyte monoclonal antibody, to magnetic polymer beads. Mixing of bone marrow or splenocytes with the bead/OX-19 complexes, followed by magnetic separation, results in significant depletion of T cells with minimal nonspecific cell loss. Immunomagnetic T-cell depletion of bone marrow, followed by reconstitution of a lethally irradiated host, allows for the development of stable, mixed hematopoietic chimerae without evidence of GVHD. These hosts are immunocompetent by clinical criteria. Recipients of untreated donor bone marrow that did or did not receive nonspecific immunosuppression demonstrated varying degrees of GVHD and reduced survival. The ability to rapidly and simply deplete T lymphocytes from bone marrow and produce stable, immunocompetent hematopoietic chimerae without GVHD may be an important method for tolerance induction to vascularized allografts. © 1989

Immunomagnetic t-lymphocyte depletion (ITLD) of rat bone marrow using OX-19 monoclonal antibody

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) may be abrogated and host survival prolonged by in vitro depletion of T lymphocytes from bone marrow (BM) prior to allotransplantation. Using a mouse anti-rat pan T-lymphocyte monoclonal antibody (0×19) bound to monosized, magnetic, polymer beads, T lymphocytes were removed in vitro from normal bone marrow. The removal of the T lymphocytes was confirmed by flow cytometry. Injection of the T-lymphocyte-depleted bone marrow into fully allogeneic rats prevents the induction of GVHD and prolongs host survival. A highly efficient technique of T-lymphocyte depletion using rat bone marrow is described. It involves the binding of OX-19, a MoAb directed against all rat thy-mocytes and mature peripheral T lymphocytes, to monosized, magnetic polymer spheres. Magnetic separation of T lymphocytes after mixing the allogeneic bone marrow with the bead/OX-19 complex provides for a simple, rapid depletion of T lymphocytes from the bone marrow. In vitro studies using flow cytometry and the prevention of GVHD in a fully allogeneic rat bone marrow model have been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the depletion procedure. © 1989 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted

Heladas tardías en noviembre 2022 en el área de influencia del INTA Hilario Ascasubi. Provincia de Buenos Aires – Argentina

Este informe presenta la cartografía que muestra la distribución de las temperaturas frías y la cantidad de horas que duró el evento, afectando, en algunos sectores, a los cereales de invierno en el periodo crítico para su buen desarrollo en los partidos de Villarino y Patagones en la provincia de Buenos Aires.EEA Hilario AscasubiFil: Pezzola, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Casella, Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Lighezzolo, Andres. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Unidad de desarrollos y Soluciones Ambientales - Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales. Observatorio Hidrometeorológico de la Provincia de Córdoba. Laboratorio de Hidraúlica; ArgentinaFil: Winschel, Cristina Ines. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Pascualone, Franco. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Unidad de desarrollos y Soluciones Ambientales - Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales. Observatorio Hidrometeorológico de la Provincia de Córdoba. Laboratorio de Hidraúlica; ArgentinaFil: Zura, Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Grand, Andres Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Flavia Carina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Oricchio, Patricio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Gattinoni, Natalia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; Argentin

Selección del Inóculo en la Producción Biológica de Hidrógeno

In the need to study clean bioprocesses, hydrogen arises as a promising alternative of energy. Biomass provides a method for producing hydrogen and the degradation of organic waste through fermentation. A crucial aspect is the inhibition of bacteria consuming hydrogen. The effect of pretreatment of the seed was investigated to obtain a hydrogen-producing species from natural consortia. The study was carried out in batch tests. Two types of treatment were realized: acid enrichment and heat-shock. Three types of consortia were evaluated: soil, compost and sludge. The treated seed was grown at pH 5.5 and incubated at 35 °C. The heat treatment was more efficient and completely inhibited the methanogenic microorganisms. The consortium sludge exhibited a higher rate of production and compost a strong trend to increase production.En la necesidad de estudiar bioprocesos limpios, el hidrógeno surge como una alternativa prometedora de energía. La biomasa provee un método para la obtención de hidrógeno y la degradación de desechos orgánicos a través de la fermentación. Un aspecto crucial es la inhibición de bacterias consumidoras de hidrógeno. Se investigó el efecto del tratamiento preliminar del inóculo para obtener una especie productora de hidrógeno a partir de consorcios naturales. El estudio se llevó a cabo en cultivos batch. Se realizaron dos tipos de tratamiento: enriquecimiento ácido y shock térmico. Se evaluaron tres tipos de consorcios: tierra, abono y lodos. El inóculo tratado se cultivó a pH 5,5 y se incubó a 35 °C. El tratamiento térmico resultó más eficiente e inhibió totalmente los microorganismos metanogénicos. El consorcio de lodos exhibió una velocidad de producción más alta y el abono una marcada tendencia al aumento de la producción

Fermentative biohydrogen production from a novel combination of vermicompost as inoculum and mild heat-pretreated fruit and vegetable waste

This study reports for the first time on biohydrogen production by dark fermentation using a novel combination of mild heat-pretreated fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) as raw material and vermicompost as an economical source of hydrogen-producing bacteria. A suspension rich in reducing sugars obtained from FVW was used at different initial concentrations (5 to 25 g reducing sugars/L) during the bioprocess conducted in batch reactors at mesophilic temperature of 35 °C. The use of a mild heat-pretreated substrate and the consequent elimination of the natural microbiota present in the FVW led to higher hydrogen production than the control. Clostridium species, hydrogen-producing bacteria via butyric acid fermentation pathway, were the dominant microorganisms in the bioprocess. Hydrogen production, volumetric hydrogen production rate, and pretreated substrate degradation efficiency (63.0 mL/g VS, 372.6 mL/L/d, and 50% BOD5, respectively) obtained in the experiments performed with the highest substrate concentration demonstrated that the developed bioprocess was promising simultaneously leading to high hydrogen contents in biogas and high substrate removal efficiencies.Fil: Pascualone, María J.. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional Cordoba. Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica. Centro de Investigacion y Transferencia En Ingenieria Quimica.; ArgentinaFil: Gómez Costa, Marcos Bruno. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Córdoba. Centro de Investigación en Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dalmasso, Pablo Roberto. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional Cordoba. Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica. Centro de Investigacion y Transferencia En Ingenieria Quimica.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin