Effect of the Use of Biodiesel on the Materials of the Engine Components

Biodiesel is regarded as a viable substitute to diesel fuel owing to its green and biodegradable origin. Among the main advantages are reducing CO2 demand and the absence of SO2 emissions since it does not produce sulphur. This work aims to investigate the effect of biodiesel usage on the properties of specific engine components, such as polymeric sections, ceramic materials used as thermal barriers, and lubricating oil. Mechanical tests were performed on samples of various polymers used in parts of the fuel system of current diesel engines subjected to varying biodiesel interaction periods. Specifically, measures of fuel absorption in acrylonitrile "o" rings and hoses and their effect on final mechanical properties. The results show that more significant biodiesel cuts result in greater absorption and degradation of mechanical properties. The chemical analyses were performed on the engine oil at various levels of a long-term evaluation conducted on the test bench. The objective was to determine the possible contamination of the same and variation of its lubricating properties. The conclusions were made about the actions of materials that remain in touch with biodiesel analysis of data collected during the various trials

Effect of the Use of Biodiesel on the Materials of the Engine Components

606-611Biodiesel is regarded as a viable substitute to diesel fuel owing to its green and biodegradable origin. Among the main advantages are reducing CO2 demand and the absence of SO2 emissions since it does not produce sulphur. This work aims to investigate the effect of biodiesel usage on the properties of specific engine components, such as polymeric sections, ceramic materials used as thermal barriers, and lubricating oil. Mechanical tests were performed on samples of various polymers used in parts of the fuel system of current diesel engines subjected to varying biodiesel interaction periods. Specifically, measures of fuel absorption in acrylonitrile "o" rings and hoses and their effect on final mechanical properties. The results show that more significant biodiesel cuts result in greater absorption and degradation of mechanical properties. The chemical analyses were performed on the engine oil at various levels of a long-term evaluation conducted on the test bench. The objective was to determine the possible contamination of the same and variation of its lubricating properties. The conclusions were made about the actions of materials that remain in touch with biodiesel analysis of data collected during the various trials

Extraction of Heavy Metals from Soil Affected by Landfill Leachate through Constructed Wetlands: A Phytoremediation Approach to Rejuvenating the Contaminated Environment

Water is one of the most essential elements of life. The water shortage is becoming a lurid issue in many regions, with over a billion people without passable water for drinking purposes. The leachate from landfill sites is a major problem and poses a threat to aquatic ecosystems and public health. To overcome this situation, either to remove contaminants or to reduce the amount of contamination, constructed wetlands using phytoremediation can be considered the best solution. This green low-cost technology uses plants to remove heavy metals from soil and water. The objective of this report is to study the removal of specific heavy metals such as Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe) and Lead (Pb) from landfill leachate by using two laboratory scaled wetlands. These wetlands were filled with soil and planted with Typha Latifolia. One system was operated without recirculation and the other with effluent recirculation with an interval of one day. The influent and effluent physicochemical parameters were analyzed after 30 days and the concentrations of the heavy metals were observed. The wide variation is seen in the case of Nickel, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, Zinc and Iron. The percentage of removal with recirculation and without recirculation is 100% for Cadmium and Iron, in the case of Nickel, Lead, Chromium and Zinc the percentage difference between recirculation and without recirculation was found to be 1.6, 2.4, 0, 0. Since the removal efficiency for Cadmium and Iron is predominant this study indicates that this technology gives good removal of heavy metals and has a scope for its effective analysis since it has low working and conservation costs; it is comparatively a step toward a sustainable economy

Development of alkali activated paver blocks for medium traffic conditions using industrial wastes and prediction of compressive strength using random forest algorithm

Abstract Geopolymer is an environment friendly construction material that could be synthesized using either the natural source or the industrial byproducts such as flyash and GGBS. The characteristics of the Geopolymer rely on the proportion of the flyash and GGBS and the concentration of the activator solution used. In this research work, the effect of partial replacement of flyash with GGBS in proportions such as 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% is investigated. Also Molarity of NaOH are tested from 8 to 14 M and both the parameters are optimized. In this optimized Geopolymer concrete, the utilization of iron slag as a partial substitute for river sand in various proportions such as 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 35, 40 and 45% are investigated. The optimized Geopolymer concrete with iron slag is investigated for its performance as a paver block with incorporation of banana fiber in proportions such as 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 and is compared with conventional cement concrete paver block. The results show that there is a significant enhancement in the properties of Geopolymer concrete with the different levels of optimization and the utilization of natural banana fiber. The developed sustainable paver block was found to with stand medium traffic conditions as per IS 15658:2006. Further this study employed random forest (RF) algorithm for the prediction of compressive strength of geopolymer concrete specimens for the variable parameters such as molarity of alkaline solution, Flyash/GGBS ratio and partial replacement of river sand with iron slag. The performance evaluation parameters represented high accuracy of developed RF model. This research work unleashes a heft potential of Geopolymer concrete to develop economical eco-friendly sustainable paver blocks to the society through mitigation of environmental strain on the ecosystem