Recognition and Detection of Language on Inscriptions

Ancient language Font Recognition is one of the Challenging tasks in Optical Character Recognition and Document Analysis. Most of the existing methods are for font recognition make use of local typographical features and connected component analysis. In this paper, Ancient language font recognition is done based on global texture analysis. Ancient language characters are different from currentnbsp centuryrsquos Ancient language character. This paper concentrates on the century identification of ancient language characters and converting them into current centuryrsquos form using MATLAB. Recognition of ancient language hand written characters from inscriptions is difficult. In this paper, a method for recognizing Ancient language characters from stone inscriptions, called the contour-let transform, which has been recently introduced, is adopted. From the previous research works, itrsquos noticed that Wavelet transforms are not capable of reconstructing curved images are perfectly. The contour-let transform offers a solution to remedy to this insufficiency. Contour-let transform is a 3D approach technique where as wavelet transform is a 2D technique. The characters from the input image are recognized through the clustering mechanism. Further the noise is present in the image is removed by fuzzy median filters. Neural networks are been employed to train the image and compare the data with the current centuryrsquos character. hence a more accurate recognition of Ancient language characters from stone inscriptions is obtained

Percolating through networks of random thresholds: Finite temperature electron tunneling in metal nanocrystal arrays

We investigate how temperature affects transport through large networks of nonlinear conductances with distributed thresholds. In monolayers of weakly-coupled gold nanocrystals, quenched charge disorder produces a range of local thresholds for the onset of electron tunneling. Our measurements delineate two regimes separated by a cross-over temperature $T^*$. Up to $T^*$ the nonlinear zero-temperature shape of the current-voltage curves survives, but with a threshold voltage for conduction that decreases linearly with temperature. Above $T^*$ the threshold vanishes and the low-bias conductance increases rapidly with temperature. We develop a model that accounts for these findings and predicts $T^*$.Comment: 5 pages including 3 figures; replaced 3/30/04: minor changes; final versio

The Future of Direct Reduction Processes

New production processes find application depending on the demands and opportunities afforded by changing times and conditions. This is also true of direct reduction proce-sses which, after a period of testing and development, are now receiving attention for wider industrial application because the need for it is beginning to be felt. A few direct reduction processes have already been commercially accepted

Non Markovian Quantum Repeated Interactions and Measurements

A non-Markovian model of quantum repeated interactions between a small quantum system and an infinite chain of quantum systems is presented. By adapting and applying usual pro jection operator techniques in this context, discrete versions of the integro-differential and time-convolutioness Master equations for the reduced system are derived. Next, an intuitive and rigorous description of the indirect quantum measurement principle is developed and a discrete non Markovian stochastic Master equation for the open system is obtained. Finally, the question of unravelling in a particular model of non-Markovian quantum interactions is discussed.Comment: 22 page

Stability, Gain, and Robustness in Quantum Feedback Networks

This paper concerns the problem of stability for quantum feedback networks. We demonstrate in the context of quantum optics how stability of quantum feedback networks can be guaranteed using only simple gain inequalities for network components and algebraic relationships determined by the network. Quantum feedback networks are shown to be stable if the loop gain is less than one-this is an extension of the famous small gain theorem of classical control theory. We illustrate the simplicity and power of the small gain approach with applications to important problems of robust stability and robust stabilization.Comment: 16 page

Quantum Stochastic Processes: A Case Study

We present a detailed study of a simple quantum stochastic process, the quantum phase space Brownian motion, which we obtain as the Markovian limit of a simple model of open quantum system. We show that this physical description of the process allows us to specify and to construct the dilation of the quantum dynamical maps, including conditional quantum expectations. The quantum phase space Brownian motion possesses many properties similar to that of the classical Brownian motion, notably its increments are independent and identically distributed. Possible applications to dissipative phenomena in the quantum Hall effect are suggested.Comment: 35 pages, 1 figure

Multi-indexed (q-)Racah Polynomials

As the second stage of the project multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials, we present, in the framework of `discrete quantum mechanics' with real shifts in one dimension, the multi-indexed (q-)Racah polynomials. They are obtained from the (q-)Racah polynomials by multiple application of the discrete analogue of the Darboux transformations or the Crum-Krein-Adler deletion of `virtual state' vectors, in a similar way to the multi-indexed Laguerre and Jacobi polynomials reported earlier. The virtual state vectors are the `solutions' of the matrix Schr\"odinger equation with negative `eigenvalues', except for one of the two boundary points.Comment: 29 pages. The type II (q-)Racah polynomials are deleted because they can be obtained from the type I polynomials. To appear in J.Phys.

The Stratonovich formulation of quantum feedback network rules

We express the rules for forming quantum feedback networks using the Stratonovich form of quantum stochastic calculus rather than the Ito, or SLH form. Remarkably the feedback reduction rule implies that we obtain the Schur complement of the matrix of Stratonovich coupling operators where we short out the internal input/output coefficients.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures (The Stratonovich form of the Series Product added in the revision.