Efektivitas Poliamin terhadap Penghambatan Chilling Injury pada Beberapa Tingkat Kematangan dan Kemasakan Buah Pisang Mas (Musa paradisiaca, L.)

A study on the effectiveness of polyamines on chilling injury inhibition of banana (Musa paradisiaca, L.) cv. Mas was conducted. It was aimed to identify the effectiveness of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) on chilling injury at various levels of maturities and ripeness of banana cv. Mas. The present study exploited banana cv. Mas at 85 % of maturity, full ripe, over ripe, and soaking condition in polyamine solutions, i.e. putrescine (put), spermidine (spd), spermine (spm). The fruits were stored at 10 oC for 10 days and daily real time observations for emitted ethylene were conducted using photo-accoustic spectrometer, while espiration rate, reducing sugar content, textures, chilling injury index (necrosis and pitting) were observed every two days at room temperature after the fruits were keep out from cold storage. Result indicated that soaking in polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) was able to inhibit emitted ethylene, respiration rate, chilling injury index (necrosis and pitting) and textures softness of banana fruits. The most effective polyamines to inhibit chilling injury in banana cv. Mas fruits at any maturaties and ripeness level was putrescine compound. Putrescine was highly effective to inhibit the chilling injury of banana cv. Mas fruits at 85% maturity.ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang efektivitas poliamin terhadap penghambatan kerusakan suhu dingin (chilling in- jury) pada buah pisang Mas (Musa paradisiaca, L.), dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas poliamin (putresin, spermidin, spermin) terhadap penghambatan chilling injury pada beberapa tingkat kematangan dan kemasakan buah pisang Mas. Penelitian ini menggunakan buah pisang Mas tingkat kematangan 85 %, masak penuh, lewat masak dan perendaman dalam larutan poliamin yaitu putresin (put), spermidin (spd), spermin (spm) dengan konsentrasi 1,5 mM selama 8 menit Buah pisang disimpan selama 10 hari pada suhu 10 oC dan dilakukan pengamatan emisi etilen setiap hari secara real time menggunakan spektrometer fotoakustik, sedangkan laju respirasi, indeks chilling injury (nekrosis dan pitting) dan tekstur dilakukan setiap 2 hari pada suhu kamar setelah buah pisang dikeluarkan dari ruang pend- ingin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman buah dalam larutan poliamin (putresin, spermidin, spermin) mampu menghambat laju respirasi, emisi etilen, indeks chilling injury (nekrosis dan pitting), dan pelunakan tekstur buah pisang Mas.  Jenis poliamin yang paling efektif untuk menghambat chilling injury pada buah pisang Mas untuk semua tingkat kematangan dan kemasakan buah adalah senyawa putresin (put), kemudian berikutnya spermidin (spd), spermin (spm). Senyawa putresin sangat efektif menghambat chilling injury buah pisang Mas pada tingkat kematangan85 %

PENGARUH CaCl2DAN EDIBLE FILM TERHADAP PENGHAMBATAN CHILLING INJURY BUAH NANGKA KUPAS [Effect of CaCl2 and Edible Film on Chilling Injury Inhibition of fresh-cut Jackfruits]

Effect of CaCl2 soaking and edible film coating to delay or inhibit chilling injury of freshly-cut jackfruit has been studied. The onset of chilling injury was monitored based on sadden increase of ethylene emission as measured on-line using CO2-laser driven photoacoustic spectrometer.Freshly cut edible part of ripe jackfruit was used as the research material. The fruit was soaked in 0%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%  of CaCl2  for 15 minutes. After rinsing, sample were divided into two parts each for edible coating and control. The edible film was prepared by soaking of the samples for 30 seconds in solution of white bean (Phaseolus lunatus, L.) edible coating, which was derived from our previous research. The samples were devided into two parts for destructive and non destructive analysis. Both were then stored at 4oC for 3 days, at which time the normal fruit suffer from chilling injury. For the non-destructive analysis, the samples were individually put in special cuvet and a flow-trough air system was connected to each cuvet for on-line ethylene monitoring. Data of real-time ethylene emission were collected  automatically every 120 minutes during the three day cold storage. The other set of samples were put in a plascic bag and stored at 4oC for 3 days period. At the end of cold stored, the samples were let to adjust to room temperature for 1 hr before subjected to respiration rate, reducing sugars, total acidity, and texture analysis.Result indicated that soaking with CaCl2 and edible film coating of freshly-cut jackfruit  delayed the on-set of chilling injury as indicated by late increase of ethylene emission. Based on pattern of ethylene emission  during the three day storage and their respiration rate, the best treatment to delay chilling injury of fresly-cut jackfruit was soaking in CaCl2 2%  in combination with edible film coating