“Cricket ball in the scrotum:” Calcification of old hematoma

The intrascrotal calculus was first described during surgery by Kickham in 1935 as a “fibrinoid loose body” or “scrotal pearl.” The etiology of scrotal calculi is unclear. They may develop as a sequela to hematomas or inflammatory changes within the scrotum or loose bodies from torsion and infarction of the appendix testis or epididymis. Hardly few cases were reported in the literature. We present a case of painless right scrotal swelling since 6 years’ duration which gradually increased in size after following trauma. Finally, it is diagnosed as calcified hematoma and excision of the scrotal swelling was carried out after the exclusion of other causes (testicular malignancy) of scrotal swelling

One year outcome and predictors of treatment outcome in central serous chorioretinopathy: Multimodal imaging based analysis

Purpose: To evaluate the follow up and treatment outcome of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) based on the new multimodal imaging-based classification and identify the predictors for anatomic and visual outcome. Methods: Retrospective, multicentric study on 95 eyes diagnosed with CSCR and a follow up of at least 12 months were included. Eyes with macular neovascularization, atypical CSCR or any other disease were excluded. Results: At the baseline, observation was advised to 70% eyes with simple CSCR whereas photodynamic therapy (PDT) was performed in 49% eyes with complex CSCR. Over the follow up, decrease in CMT was significantly higher in simple CSCR as compared to complex CSCR (P = 0.008) and the recurrences were significantly more in eyes with lower CMT at baseline (P = 0.0002). Median time of resolution of SRF was 3 months and 6 months in simple and complex CSCR respectively (P = 0.09). For the 12 months follow up, the median fluid free period was greater (P = 0.03) while number of interventions performed was lesser in eyes with simple CSCR as compared to complex CSCR (P = 0.006). Multiple regression analysis showed baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and baseline persistent SRF to be significantly predictive of BCVA and persistent SRF at 12 months (P < 0.0001, 0.04) respectively. Conclusions: Complex CSCR more often required PDT, was associated with shorter fluid free interval and longer time for SRF resolution. Baseline BCVA and persistent SRF were predictive of final visual and anatomical outcome. The new multimodal imaging based classification is helpful in establishing objective criteria for planning treatment approaches for CSCR