Design of a new PID controller based on Arduino Uno R3 with application to household refrigerator

A refrigeration system to maintain a desired compartment temperature usually uses a thermostat as an on-off controller. In fact, the thermostat has some disadvantages. The main problem of system which is related to the thermostat is the biggest energy consumption in household appliances. In this paper, to solve the problem was designed a new PID controller based on an Arduino Uno R3 with application to a household refrigerator. In this case, the Arduino Uno was uploaded with PID controller algorithm. Then, in implementation to determine controller parameter values was defined new criteria. After that, to obtain the best refrigeration system performance was also proposed new performance criteria based on experimental data. The experimental results showed that the proposed control system was able to maintain the desired temperature with steady-state error of about 0.044°C. In addition, in steady state the control system for the refrigerator was able to the energy saving of about 30% and it almost did not depend on cooling load quantity

Study of Sorption behavior of Atrazine toward soil

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study are to evaluate the sorptioncharacteristics of Atrazine pesticide by fitting the sorption data to linear & nonlinear isotherm equation under Laboratory equation

Emergence and re-emergence of glanders in India: a description of outbreaks from 2006 to 2011

Glanders, a bacterial disease of equines caused by Burkholderia mallei, is a fatal infectious disease of equines and has zoonotic significance. The disease has been eradicated from many countries by statutory testing, elimination of infected animals and import restrictions. However, it is still endemic in parts of Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Central and South America. In India, major glanders outbreaks were reported from different parts of the country between 1976 and 1982. Later, sporadic cases of the disease were reported in 1988, 1990 and 1998. The country remained free of glanders for about eight years until the recent outbreaks occurred in eight States from 2006 to 2007. Recurrent episodes have occurred in Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, whereas fresh outbreaks occurred in Chhattisgarh from 2009 to 2010. A total of 164 equines were declared positive; a majority of the positive cases (n = 77) were from Uttar Pradesh, followed by Maharashtra (n = 23), Uttarakhand (n = 21) and Andhra Pradesh (n = 16). Under the provision of Prevention and Control of Infectious and Contagious Disease in Animals Act, 2009, all the infected animals were euthanised and bio-security measures were implemented to curb the further spread of the disease