Who Cares? Exploring the Concept of Care Networks for Designing Healthcare Technologies

Dealing with a chronic condition often involves daunting tasks and the participation of multiple people in care. Previous literature has documented collaboration between patients, clinicians, close relatives, friends, and paid carers. However, collaboration in care has been mostly examined as the work of dyads, such as patients and clinicians. In this workshop, we will explore the concept of care networks, which can better account for the numerous human and non-human actors and roles that compose care. We invite designers, researchers, and practitioners to participate in a full-day workshop in which we will reflect on empirical studies and theoretical accounts of care networks, and put forward an agenda for better acknowledging care networks in the research around healthcare technologies and systems

Development of a Remote Testing System for Performance of Gas Leakage Detectors

In this research, we designed a remote system to test parameters of gas detectors such as gas concentration and initial response time. This testing system is available to measure two gas instruments simultaneously. First of all, we assembled an experimental jig with a square structure. Those parts are included with a glass flask, two high-quality cameras, and two Ethernet modems for transmitting data. This remote gas detector testing system extracts numerals from videos with continually various gas concentrations while LCDs show photographs from cameras. Extracted numeral data are received to a laptop computer through Ethernet modem. And then, the numerical data with gas concentrations and the measured initial response speeds are recorded and graphed. Our remote testing system will be diversely applied on gas detector’s test and will be certificated in domestic and international countries

Surgical treatment and long-term outcomes of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma: a single-center case series of 15 patients

Abstract Background Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a poorly studied, rare, soft tissue sarcoma. LGMS is characterized by a low malignancy potential, tendency for local recurrence, and low likelihood of distant metastases. However, no studies have reported on the surgical treatment method and its long-term outcomes. Methods We included all patients treated for LGMS at our institution between March 2010 and March 2021. Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed to collect demographic information, as well as information about the clinical course, tumor characteristics, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the recurrence rate. Results Fifteen patients who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled in this study. There were seven cases in the upper extremities, four in the trunk area, three in the lower extremities, and one in the head and neck area. There were no metastatic cases and two cases of local recurrence. Conclusions The incidence of LGMS in the extremities or trunk may be higher than expected based on the current literature. Univariate analysis showed that local tissue invasion and surgical method could be associated with local recurrence. Although further large studies are needed to establish risk factors of local recurrence or extent of resection margins, based on our study, wide local excision under the proper diagnosis is the most important treatment

Natural Products in the Prevention of Metabolic Diseases: Lessons Learned from the 20th KAST Frontier Scientists Workshop

The incidence of metabolic and chronic diseases including cancer, obesity, inflammation-related diseases sharply increased in the 21st century. Major underlying causes for these diseases are inflammation and oxidative stress. Accordingly, natural products and their bioactive components are obvious therapeutic agents for these diseases, given their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Research in this area has been significantly expanded to include chemical identification of these compounds using advanced analytical techniques, determining their mechanism of action, food fortification and supplement development, and enhancing their bioavailability and bioactivity using nanotechnology. These timely topics were discussed at the 20th Frontier Scientists Workshop sponsored by the Korean Academy of Science and Technology, held at the University of Hawaii at Manoa on 23 November 2019. Scientists from South Korea and the U.S. shared their recent research under the overarching theme of Bioactive Compounds, Nanoparticles, and Disease Prevention. This review summarizes presentations at the workshop to provide current knowledge of the role of natural products in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases

How to Make AlphaGo’s Children Explainable

Under the rubric of understanding the problem of explainability of AI in terms of abductive cognition, I propose to review the lessons from AlphaGo and her more powerful successors. As AI players in Baduk (Go, Weiqi) have arrived at superhuman level, there seems to be no hope for understanding the secret of their breathtakingly brilliant moves. Without making AI players explainable in some ways, both human and AI players would be less-than omniscient, if not ignorant, epistemic agents. Are we bound to have less explainable AI Baduk players as they make further progress? I shall show that the resolution of this apparent paradox depends on how we understand the crucial distinction between abduction and inference to the best explanation (IBE). Some further philosophical issues arising from explainable AI will also be discussed in connection with this distinction

Hybrid Power System for the Range Extension of Security Robots: Prototyping Phase

This paper describes our best practices related to hybrid power system (HPS) development with a focus on the prototyping phase. Based on the main development goals of our security robot, 24 h continuous operation on a single charge as a top priority, the HPS specifications were developed in the previous phase. For long-duration missions, batteries are hybridized with hydrogen fuel cells. By hybridization, the practical issues of fuel cells can be addressed such as lack of durability and low power density. With the developed specifications of the HPS, its components were acquired and installed to build a prototype. Using an electronic load coupled with a charge-discharge system controller, the constructed prototype was tested, discovering the maximum output power (850 W) that the fuel cell can sustain for 24 h. To further increase the energy density of the HPS, its structure was converted to a plug-in hybrid. With the developed HPS simulator, the converted HPS was simulated, predicting an extended hours of operation (2.07 h) based on the larger battery (7S12P) over the widest SOC window (90%). The plug-in HPS prototype was integrated into the security robot. On a dedicated chassis dynamometer, the integrated prototype was tested, demonstrating its capability to continuously operate the security robot for 24 h

Philosophy and Cognitive Science II, Western and Eastern Studies

Today, the relationships between Asia and the Western world make headlines only when they concern economic deals, folk-ideological confrontations, or divergent ideas on how to solve international crises. The cultural and, more specifically, academical links are frequently disregarded. This book aims at being an argument against such systematic lack of interest for the results of collaborations between Western and Eastern intellectuals and academics: what emerges from the juxta- position of papers of different geo-cultural origins—but dealing with the same issues—is sometimes a novel approach, which takes advantage of the multifaceted sensibilities inherited by the scholarly legacies that contributed to the debate. This volume is a collection of selected papers that were presented at the international conference Philosophy and Cognitive Science (PCS2013), held at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China, in November 2013 (chairs Lorenzo Magnani and Ping Li) and at the International Workshop Visual Abduction or Abductive Vision? held at KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology), Daejeon, South Korea, in October/November 2013 (chair Woosuk Park). The papers by Athanassios Raftopoulos “Reframing the Problem of Cognitive Penetrability,” Xiang Chen “The Emergence and Development of Causal Representations,” Luigi Pastore, Sara Dellantonio, Claudio Mulatti, and Remo Job “On the Nature and Composition of Abstract (Theoretical) Concepts: The X- Ception Theory and Methods for Its Assessment,” Selene Arfini and Lorenzo Magnani “An Eco-Cognitive Model of Ignorance Immunization,” Woosuk Park “Towards a Caricature Model of Science,” and Lorenzo Magnani “Violence and Abductive Cognition Epistemology and Ethics Entangled” were presented at PCS2013. The papers by Lorenzo Magnani “Understanding Visual Abduction. The Need of the Eco-Cognitive Model,” Cameron Shelley “Biomorphism and Models in Design,” Jeongmin Lee, “The Correspondence Principle, Formal Analogy, and Scientific Rationality,” Jun-Young Oh, YooShin Kim, Chun-Hwey Kim, Byeong- Mee Min, Yeon-A Son “Understanding Galileo’s Inquiries about the Law of Inertia,” Athanassios Raftopoulos “Abductive Inference in Late Vision,” and Woosuk Park “From Visual Abduction to Abductive Vision” were presented at the KAIST Workshop on abduction. Previous volumes prepared the basis for the realization of PCS2013 and of KAIST Vision Workshop, as meetings explicitly devoted to the conjunction of Western and Eastern studies. These volumes also originated from international joint research projects, which succeeded in establishing a first relationship between the two worlds in the area of philosophy and cognitive science. Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery, edited by L. Magnani, N.J. Nersessian, and P. Thagard (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999), based on the papers presented at the first “model-based reasoning” international conference, held at the University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy in December 1998, has been translated into Chinese, China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, 2000. Abduction, Reason, and Science by L. Magnani was translated by Dachao Li and Yuan Ren and published by Guangdong People’s Publishing House, Guangzhou, in 2006. Other volumes, Science, Cognition, and Consciousness, edited by P. Li et al. (JiangXi People’s Press, Nanchang, China, 2004, published in Chinese and English), Philosophical Investigations from a Perspective of Cognition, edited by L. Magnani and P. Li (Guangdong People’s Publishing House, Guangzhou, China, 2006, published in Chinese), Model-Based Reasoning in Science, Technology, and Medicine, edited by L. Magnani and P. Li (Springer, Berlin/New York, 2007), derived from the following previous conferences: “Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Medicine” (MBR06_CHINA, held at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, July 2006), the first “Philosophy and Cognitive Science” international conference (PCS2004, held at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, June 2004) and the second “Philosophy and Cognitive Science” interna- tional conference (PCS2011, held at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, May 2011). The presentations given at the Guangzhou and Daejeon meetings addressed various recent topics at the crossroad of philosophy and cognitive science, espe- cially taking advantage of both Western and Eastern research. The selected papers contained in the proceedings mainly focus on the following areas: abductive cog- nition, visualization in science, the cognitive structure of scientific theories, the nature and functions of models, scientific representation, mathematical represen- tation in science, model-based reasoning, analogical reasoning, moral cognition, cognitive niches, and evolution. The various contributions of the book are written by interdisciplinary researchers who are active in the area of philosophy and/or cognitive science