2-D Non-Fickian Dispersion Model for the Initial Period of River Mixing

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

SingularTrajectory: Universal Trajectory Predictor Using Diffusion Model

There are five types of trajectory prediction tasks: deterministic, stochastic, domain adaptation, momentary observation, and few-shot. These associated tasks are defined by various factors, such as the length of input paths, data split and pre-processing methods. Interestingly, even though they commonly take sequential coordinates of observations as input and infer future paths in the same coordinates as output, designing specialized architectures for each task is still necessary. For the other task, generality issues can lead to sub-optimal performances. In this paper, we propose SingularTrajectory, a diffusion-based universal trajectory prediction framework to reduce the performance gap across the five tasks. The core of SingularTrajectory is to unify a variety of human dynamics representations on the associated tasks. To do this, we first build a Singular space to project all types of motion patterns from each task into one embedding space. We next propose an adaptive anchor working in the Singular space. Unlike traditional fixed anchor methods that sometimes yield unacceptable paths, our adaptive anchor enables correct anchors, which are put into a wrong location, based on a traversability map. Finally, we adopt a diffusion-based predictor to further enhance the prototype paths using a cascaded denoising process. Our unified framework ensures the generality across various benchmark settings such as input modality, and trajectory lengths. Extensive experiments on five public benchmarks demonstrate that SingularTrajectory substantially outperforms existing models, highlighting its effectiveness in estimating general dynamics of human movements. Code is publicly available at https://github.com/inhwanbae/SingularTrajectory .Comment: Accepted at CVPR 202

Micropore Structures in Cenosphere-Containing Cementitious Materials Using Micro-CT

Cenospheres have been recently applied to increase the volume of uniform micropores in hardened cementitious materials. Therefore, application of micro-CT to cenosphere-containing binders will help better understand the micropores formed by cenospheres in the hardened materials. Accordingly, the present study prepared Portland cement paste, alkali-activated fly ash/silica fume, and alkali-activated fly ash with 60% weight replacement by cenospheres and reconstructed their micropore structures using micro-CT. From the pore structure, individual micropores were extracted and analyzed using the principal moment ratios (I11/I33 and I22/I33). Based on the moment ratios, the representative pore shapes were determined in the different pore-volume ranges. Four-factor pore compliance contribution (4-factor PCC) model was then applied to predict the influences of the micropores on the elastic moduli of the micropore/matrix composites

カンコク ノ セイネン コウケン セイド ノ セイリツ ト カダイ

한국의 새로운 성년후견제도는 요보호자의 인권옹호， 자가결정의 존중， 정상화 등의 이념하에 세계각국의 제도를 참고하여 가존 행위무능력자제도를 전면 개혁한 것이다. 먼저 종래의 금치산·한정치산제도외 같은는 유형적 보호주의를 취하여 제도의 연속을 유지하면서도 각 유형의 유연성을 높여서 유형적 보호의 경직성을 완화하려고 하였다. 특히 한정후견은 후견개시 원인에 의한 단순한 단계적 보호유형의 하나가 아니라 독일의 성년후견제도와 같이 본인을 둘러싼 구체적인 사정을 고려하여 개별적으로 보호조치를 취해가는 제도이다. 이것은 형식적으로는 하나의 보호의 유형에 지나지 않지만 실질적으로는 일원주의적 보호제도가 들어와 있는 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 또한 이번 성년후견에 관한 입법은 현행 민법상 근거가 모호했던 신상보호에 관한 후견인의 사무와 권한에 대하여 근거를 마련하였다는 데에서도 의의를 찾을 수 있다. 그러나 신상보호에 관한 문제는 지금까지 법률실무에서 다루지 않았던 문제로서 정신보건이나 의료현장의 사정과 어떻게 조화시켜나가는가가 앞으로의 과제이다. 그리고 후견계약도 본인의 자기결정 존중에 부합하는 새로운 제도로서， 그 취지가 실제 잘 실현될 수 있을 것인지， 이를 위하여 무엇이 필요한지에 대해서 지금부터 논의를 해야 할 문제나 과제가 많다. 무엇보다도 후견계약에 대해서는 후견계약체결의 공정증서 작성에 있어서 공증인의 직무절차， 공정증서 서식， 등기의 법위 등 절차상 법령제도의 정비가 우선적으로 해결되어야 할 과제이다

AtRMR1 functions as a cargo receptor for protein trafficking to the protein storage vacuole

Organellar proteins are sorted by cargo receptors on the way to their final destination. However, receptors for proteins that are destined for the protein storage vacuole (PSV) are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological role that Arabidopsis thaliana receptor homology region transmembrane domain ring H2 motif protein (AtRMR) 1 plays in protein trafficking to the PSV. AtRMR1 mainly colocalized to the prevacuolar compartment of the PSV, but a minor portion also localized to the Golgi complex. The coexpression of AtRMR1 mutants that were localized to the Golgi complex strongly inhibited the trafficking of phaseolin to the PSV and caused accumulation of phaseolin in the Golgi complex or its secretion. Coimmunoprecipitation and in vitro binding assays revealed that the lumenal domain of AtRMR1 interacts with the COOH-terminal sorting signal of phaseolin at acidic pH. Furthermore, phaseolin colocalized with AtRMR1 on its way to the PSV. Based on these results, we propose that AtRMR1 functions as the sorting receptor of phaseolin for its trafficking to the PSV

Numerical Analysis of Flow Characteristics in Confulent Channels

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Physiological and Molecular Processes Associated with Long Duration of ABA Treatment

Plants need to respond to various environmental stresses such as abiotic stress for proper development and growth. The responses to abiotic stress can be biochemically demanding, resulting in a trade-off that negatively affects plant growth and development. Thus, plant stress responses must be fine-tuned depending on the stress severity and duration. Abscisic acid, a phytohormone, plays a key role in responses to abiotic stress. Here, we investigated time-dependent physiological and molecular responses to long-term ABA treatment in Arabidopsis as an approach to gain insight into the plant responses to long-term abiotic stress. Upon ABA treatment, the amount of cellular ABA increased to higher levels, reaching to a peak at 24 h after treatment (HAT), and then gradually decreased with time whereas ABA-GE was maintained at lower levels until 24 HAT and then abruptly increased to higher levels at 48 HAT followed by a gradual decline at later time points. Many genes involved in dehydration stress responses, ABA metabolism, chloroplast biogenesis, and chlorophyll degradation were strongly expressed at early time points with a peak at 24 or 48 HAT followed by gradual decreases in induction fold or even suppression at later time points. At the physiological level, long-term ABA treatment caused leaf yellowing, reduced chlorophyll levels, and inhibited chloroplast division in addition to the growth suppression whereas short-term ABA treatment did not affect chlorophyll levels. Our results indicate that the duration of ABA treatment is a crucial factor in determining the mode of ABA-mediated signaling and plant responses: active mobilization of cellular resources at early time points and suppressive responses at later time points.11Ysciescopu

Development of Recombinant Protein-Based Vaccine Against Classical Swine Fever Virus in Pigs Using Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is highly contagious, and fatal to infected pigs. Vaccines against CSFV have been developed from attenuated or modified live viruses. These vaccines are effective for immunization of animals, but they are associated with problems such as the accidental spreading of viruses to animals in the field, and with barriers to trade following vaccination. Here, we report the generation of transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for large-scale, cost-effective production of E2 fusion protein for use as a recombinant vaccine against CSFV in pigs. Transgenic N. benthamiana plants harboring an intergenic, single-copy insertion of a chimeric gene encoding E2 fusion protein had high levels of transgene expression. For large-scale production of E2 fusion protein from leaf tissues, we developed a protein-purification protocol consisting of cellulose-binding domain (CBD)–cellulose-based affinity purification and size-exclusion gel-filtration chromatography. E2 fusion proteins showed high immunogenicity in piglets and provided protection against CSFV challenge. The CBD in the E2 fusion protein was also highly immunogenic. These results suggest that plant-produced recombinant E2 fusion proteins can be developed into cost-effective vaccines against CSFV, with the CBD as a marker antigen to differentiate between vaccination and natural infection