Comment on ``Solution of Classical Stochastic One-Dimensional Many-Body Systems''

In a recent Letter, Bares and Mobilia proposed the method to find solutions of the stochastic evolution operator $H=H_0 + {\gamma\over L} H_1$ with a non-trivial quartic term $H_1$. They claim, ``Because of the conservation of probability, an analog of the Wick theorem applies and all multipoint correlation functions can be computed.'' Using the Wick theorem, they expressed the density correlation functions as solutions of a closed set of integro-differential equations. In this Comment, however, we show that applicability of Wick theorem is restricted to the case $\gamma = 0$ only.Comment: 1 page, revtex style, comment on paper Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83}, 5214 (1999

Molecular docking and kinetic study of transglycosylation reaction for naringenin using amylosucrase from Deinococcus wulumuqiensis

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Inelastic scattering in a monolayer graphene sheet; a weak-localization study

Charge carriers in a graphene sheet, a single layer of graphite, exhibit much distinctive characteristics to those in other two-dimensional electronic systems because of their chiral nature. In this report, we focus on the observation of weak localization in a graphene sheet exfoliated from a piece of natural graphite and nano-patterned into a Hall-bar geometry. Much stronger chiral-symmetry-breaking elastic intervalley scattering in our graphene sheet restores the conventional weak localization. The resulting carrier-density and temperature dependence of the phase coherence length reveal that the electron-electron interaction including a direct Coulomb interaction is the main inelastic scattering factor while electron-hole puddles enhance the inelastic scattering near the Dirac point.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PR

Increased fucosyl glycoconjugate by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae enhances adherences of Pasteurella multocida type A in the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of how Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae enhances secondary Pasteurella multocida type A infection which leads to porcine enzootic pneumonia in infected pigs. Sixteen pigs were experimentally infected with M. hyopneumoniae and then euthanized at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post inoculation. In situ hybridization for M. hyopneumoniae DNA and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I) lectin histochemistry for fucosyl glycoconjugate, was performed in serial lung sections to determine alteration of fucosyl glycoconjugate in M. hyopneumoniae-infected bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium. Bacterial overlay assay was performed to determine the affinity of P. multocida type A with L-fucose. RESULTS: The luminal surface of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells that were stained with UEA-I always showed hybridization signals for M. hyopneumoniae but it was negative in the unaffected parts of the lung from M. hyopneumoniae-infected pigs and in lung from negative control pigs. Colocalization of M. hyopneumoniae and UEA-I was especially prominent in the luminal surface of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells in serial section of lung. The mean number of M. hyopneumoniae-positive cells correlated with the mean number of UEA-I-positive cells in lungs from infected pigs throughout the experiment. All eight P. multocida type A isolates from naturally occurring enzootic pneumonia, bound strongly at levels of 2 μg and 5 μg of L-fucose. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study demonstrate that M. hyopneumoniae increases the L-fucose composition to enhance adherence of P. multocida type A to the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells

DS-ARP: A New Detection Scheme for ARP Spoofing Attacks Based on Routing Trace for Ubiquitous Environments

Despite the convenience, ubiquitous computing suffers from many threats and security risks. Security considerations in the ubiquitous network are required to create enriched and more secure ubiquitous environments. The address resolution protocol (ARP) is a protocol used to identify the IP address and the physical address of the associated network card. ARP is designed to work without problems in general environments. However, since it does not include security measures against malicious attacks, in its design, an attacker can impersonate another host using ARP spoofing or access important information. In this paper, we propose a new detection scheme for ARP spoofing attacks using a routing trace, which can be used to protect the internal network. Tracing routing can find the change of network movement path. The proposed scheme provides high constancy and compatibility because it does not alter the ARP protocol. In addition, it is simple and stable, as it does not use a complex algorithm or impose extra load on the computer system

Interplay between Saturated Free Fatty Acids and mmLDL Induces Inflammation in LPS-stimulated Macrophages

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Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils from resin of Commiphora species

ABSTRACT. Essential oils (EOs) were prepared by the hydro-distillation technique from the resins of four Commiphora species and analyzed by GC-MS. Major constituents of EOs were a-copaene (22.71%), β-caryophyllene (28.03%) and β-caryophyllene oxide (13.89%) for C. sphaerocarpa; a-pinene (29.1%) for C. africana; hexadecane (14.1%) for C. habessinica and δ-cadinene (31.5%) for C. schimperi. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of EOs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by measuring nitric oxide (NO). The effect in mRNA or protein level after EO treatment were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Among four Commiphora species, C. sphaerocarpa EO demonstrated a significant inhibition of LPS by 27.2±3.6% at 10 μg/mL and 62.3±5.2% at 20 μg/mL. C. sphaerocarpa EO inhibited LPS mediated iNOS over expression in both protein and mRNA level with dose dependent manner. It inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, ATF2. The enhanced anti-inflammatory activity of the EO of the plant was due to HO-1 expression by ROS dependent Nrf2 activation in RAW264.7 cells. These findings indicate C. sphaerocarpa EO inhibits the pro-inflammatory responses by inhibiting MAPK/ATF2, and triggering ROS/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Therefore, C. sphaerocarpa EO could have potential for useful therapeutic candidate preventing and treating inflammatory diseases.   KEY WORDS: GC-MS, Anti-inflammatory, C. africana, C. habessinica, C. sphaerocarpa, C. schimperi   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 399-415.                                                               DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.13                                                     &nbsp