What are Current Best Approaches Companies are Using for Performance Management for Wage Employees?

Academic journals mainly focus on performance management for white-collar employees and lack resources on best practices for wage employees. In response, we have consulted with two renowned professors at the ILR School for advice and also interviewed an HR manager at GE Aviation to find out how leading firms manage performance of hourly-wage workers in practice by probing into three major components of how they 1) approach goal-setting, 2) manage the performance evaluation process, and 3) align performance results with other HR programs

Which Organizations are Best in Class in Managing Diversity and Inclusion, and What Does their Path of Success Look Like?

Question: Which organizations are best in class in managing diversity and inclusion, and what does their path of success look like? What are the criteria to measure ‘best in class’

What are the New and Emerging Areas of HR and Talent Management Practices to Enhance the Productivity and the Business Outcome?

Question: What are the new and emerging areas of HR and talent management practices that we need to start paying attention to in order to enhance the productivity and the business outcome

Discipleship Principles and Applications to Help Local Church Pastors to Become Disciple-Makers in South Korea

Every pastor is called to develop disciple-makers to fulfill the mandate of the Great Commission. Korean pastors have been trying to make disciples with many programs, but they have difficulties in making disciples that multiply. This is caused by misunderstanding the meaning of disciple and what disciple-making principles are in the Bible. The purpose of this project is to define the essential nature of a disciple and to research principles and applications for helping local church pastors to develop disciple-makers in South Korea by focusing on Jesus\u27 ministry. The New Testament will be studied to discover principles for discipleship making. This research will be composed of questionnaires from at least thirty-one pastors to evaluate current discipleship models of Korean Churches. Following these research recommendations, a biblical model for making disciples in South Korean churches will be developed

The distribution of cyanobacterial toxins in Korean lakes

Cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic lakes often produce algal toxins causing death of livestock, wild animals, and fish. In this work, phytoplankton communities were examined for the appearance of toxic species. The occurrence of toxic bloom was examined with mouse bioassay. Phytoplankton were collected in late summer at the surface of 6 middlestream reservoirs(Soyang, Chungju, Daechong, Jangsung, Hapchon, Jinyang, Okjung), an estuarine reservoir(Yongsan), and a coastal lagoon(Yonglang). Algal cells were freeze-dried for the use in mouse bioassay and chemical analysis. The occurrence of toxic bloom was examined with mouse bioassay and the content of two cyanobacterial hepatotoxins, microcystin-RR and -LR, that are known to be most common in freshwater algae were analyzed with HPLC. In all the study lakes cyanobacteria were dominant phytoplankton. The dominant species implied the possibility of toxin production(Microcystis, Anabaena etc.). In L. Soyang and Chungju, dominant species were Anabaena and Oscillatoria, respectively. In L. Jangsung and Daechong, Anabaena and Microcystis appeared together. Test of toxicity by mouse bioassay showed lethal effect for L. Yonglang, L. Hapchon, L. Yongsan, L. Jangsung. L. Yonglang showed strong lethal effect. Microcystin-LR and -RR both were detected in L. Hapchon, L. Jangsung and L. Yonglang, and microcystin-LR was detected in L. Yongsan, -RR was detected in L. Daechong, L. Chungju, and L. Soyang.Article信州大学理学部附属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 9: 169-174(1995)departmental bulletin pape

mtCO1-based population structure and genetic diversity of Pacific oyster *Crassostrea gigas* populations acquired from two farms in South Korea

Since the early 1990s in South Korea, climatic and anthropogenic factors have incurred the reduction of the wild seeds of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, which raised concerns about losing genetic diversity and accelerating genetic deterioration. We assessed the genetic diversity of C. gigas populations from two farms (Tongyeong and Gadeokdo) on the southern coast, where about 80% of the cultivated oysters in Korea are produced. Tongyeong showed slightly higher diversity than Gadeokdo, but both populations had a similar genetic structure characterized by low nucleotide diversity. Comparative haplotype analyses provided data supporting genetic features of the populations that include (1) weak genotype-locality relationship, (2) low levels of gene flow between populations, and (3) possible seasonal fluctuation of genetic variation within a population. Furthermore, the highly alike haplotype network patterns were observed between the wild and farm populations as well as among the populations in neighboring countries, which suggests that the genetic structure is conserved between wild and hatchery populations, and geographic proximity has minimal influence on the genetic composition

mtCO1-based population structure and genetic diversity of Pacific oyster \u3ci\u3eCrassostrea gigas\u3c/i\u3e populations acquired from two farms in South Korea

Since the early 1990s in South Korea, climatic and anthropogenic factors have incurred the reduction of the wild seeds of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, which raised concerns about losing genetic diversity and accelerating genetic deterioration. We assessed the genetic diversity of C. gigas populations from two farms (Tongyeong and Gadeokdo) on the southern coast, where about 80% of the cultivated oysters in Korea are produced. Tongyeong showed slightly higher diversity than Gadeokdo, but both populations had a similar genetic structure characterized by low nucleotide diversity. Comparative haplotype analyses provided data supporting genetic features of the populations that include (1) weak genotype-locality relationship, (2) low levels of gene flow between populations, and (3) possible seasonal fluctuation of genetic variation within a population. Furthermore, the highly alike haplotype network patterns were observed between the wild and farm populations as well as among the populations in neighboring countries, which suggests that the genetic structure is conserved between wild and hatchery populations, and geographic proximity has minimal influence on the genetic composition

Genetic and Functional Analyses of Virulence Potential of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain Isolated From Super-Shedder Cattle

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is an enteric pathogen that causes life-threatening disease in humans, with cattle being major natural reservoirs. A group of STEC O157:H7 with a dramatic combination of high virulence potentials and super-shedder bovine origin have been isolated. Here, an STEC O157:H7 isolate, JEONG-1266, was analyzed by comparative genomics, stx genotyping, and phenotypic analyses. The phylogenetic typing and whole-genome comparison consistently showed that JEONG-1266 is genetically close to EC4115 (one of 2006 Spinach outbreak isolates) and SS17 (an isolate from super-shedder cattle) strains, all of which belong to lineage I/II and Clade 8. Both lineage I/II and Clade 8 are known to be mostly associated with clinical strains with high virulence and severe clinical symptoms. Further, JEONG-1266, like EC4115 and SS17, harbors stx2a/stx2c genes, and carries Stx-encoding prophages, specifically the φstx2a-γ subtype. Possession of the φstx2a-γ subtype of Stx-encoding prophages and production of Stx2a have been shown to be a key signature associated with hypervirulent STEC O157:H7 strains. In silico virulence typing elucidated JEONG- 1266, EC4115, and SS17 shared a highly conserved profile of key virulence genes at the nucleotide sequence level. Consistently, phenotypic data showed that JEONG-1266 expressed a high level of Stx2 toxins and had the full capacity of adhesion in vitro. Taken together, our study suggests that JEONG-1266 may represent an emerging STEC O157:H7 group, which are hypervirulent strains that originate from super-shedders, that can be a threat to food safety and public health

Energy-efficient Knowledge Distillation for Spiking Neural Networks

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been gaining interest as energy-efficient alternatives of conventional artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to their event-driven computation. Considering the future deployment of SNN models to constrained neuromorphic devices, many studies have applied techniques originally used for ANN model compression, such as network quantization, pruning, and knowledge distillation, to SNNs. Among them, existing works on knowledge distillation reported accuracy improvements of student SNN model. However, analysis on energy efficiency, which is also an important feature of SNN, was absent. In this paper, we thoroughly analyze the performance of the distilled SNN model in terms of accuracy and energy efficiency. In the process, we observe a substantial increase in the number of spikes, leading to energy inefficiency, when using the conventional knowledge distillation methods. Based on this analysis, to achieve energy efficiency, we propose a novel knowledge distillation method with heterogeneous temperature parameters. We evaluate our method on two different datasets and show that the resulting SNN student satisfies both accuracy improvement and reduction of the number of spikes. On MNIST dataset, our proposed student SNN achieves up to 0.09% higher accuracy and produces 65% less spikes compared to the student SNN trained with conventional knowledge distillation method. We also compare the results with other SNN compression techniques and training methods