Silicone Oil Opacification after Prolonged Intraocular Retention

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An unusual case of protruding retro-orbital metallic foreign body

A 34-year-old female presented with firecracker injury with curved metallic foreign body embedded in the left orbit and protruding out through the upper eyelid. The report highlights notable aspects in diagnosis, decision-making, and successful removal of this unusual case of retro-orbital foreign body

The economic implications of the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs in age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the most common cause for visual impairment in the elderly in western countries. Recently several anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs like pegaptanib sodium (Macugen), ranibizumab (Lucentis) and bevacizumab (Avastin) are available for use in the management of wet ARMD. A major limitation of these drugs is that they require multiple intravitreal injections, every 4 to 6 weeks interval for a period of 2 years. Moreover, most of these drugs are too expensive for the general masses to afford in developing nations. Avastin, though used "off-label", offers a comparable result at affordable cost, however, long term results are awaited. The drug industry should review the entire pricing policy of these drugs in developing countries like India, and develop affordable alternative compounds. The article reviews the economic burden and affordability issues of these Anti-VEGF drugs in ARMD

Ultra-wide field angiography in the management of Eales disease

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the use of ultra-wide field (UWF) angiography in patients with Eales disease (ED). Settings and Design: Prospective observational case series in tertiary eye care center. Subjects and Methods: This study involved 17 patients diagnosed with ED, who underwent UWF fluorescein angiography. The angiograms were analyzed to look for additional information as compared to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study seven standard field. The impact of this information in the management of patients was analyzed. Results: 24 eyes of 17 patients with mean age of 26.3 years were diagnosed with ED and underwent UWF angiography. UWF fluorescein angiography was helpful in the documentation of peripheral retinal changes (in 67% of eyes), exact localization of capillary nonperfusion (CNP) (in 54% of eyes), and in determination of vascular involvement (in 21% of eyes). In 33% of eyes, immediate treatment plan changed because of changes picked up on UWF angiography. Conclusions: UWF angiography helped in the better documentation, exact quantification, and location of CNP areas and better determination of disease activity. UWF imaging may play an important part in the management of patients with ED