The 'Parekh Report' - national identities with nations and nationalism

‘Multiculturalists’ often advocate national identities. Yet few study the ways in which ‘multiculturalists’ do so and in this article I will help to fill this gap. I will show that the Commission for Multi-Ethnic Britain’s report reflects a previously unnoticed way of thinking about the nature and worth of national identities that the Commission’s chair, and prominent political theorist, Bhikhu Parekh, had been developing since the 1970s. This way of thinking will be shown to avoid the questionable ways in which conservative and liberal nationalists discuss the nature and worth of national identities while offering an alternative way to do so. I will thus show that a report that was once criticised for the way it discussed national identities reflects how ‘multiculturalists’ think about national identities in a distinct and valuable way that has gone unrecognised

Foreword

In preparation for the turn of the century five years ago, the U.N. presented a comprehensive outlook of its mission in the Millennium Report (Report) entitled: We the Peoples: The Role of the U.N. in the 21st Century. The Report Called on Member States to Commit themselves to certain goals of the U.N. Included in the Report\u27s proposals was the view that globalization is a powerful force offering both opportunities and challenges for nations and people, and must be made to work for all people

Robert D Kaplan, Asia's Cauldron: the South China Sea and the End of a Stable Pacific, (New York: Ramdom House, 2014)

The book under review by the famous geopolitical analyst Robert D Kaplan focuses on the aspects and territorial disputes in the South China Sea with a cultural and strategic narration. Kaplan starts with the “geopolitical study of the South China Sea with the delectable, mythic legacy of India.” He acknowledges the fact that one must not “lose sight of the vividness of India's presence in this part of the world at a time when China's gaze seems so overpowering.” DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.336710

Is it time to reconsider the use of vital teeth bleaching in children and adolescents in Europe?

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether carbamide peroxide is effective in bleaching vital permanent teeth in children. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using all keywords relevant to the research subject. The outcome measures were identified as colour change, tooth sensitivity, oral irritation and patient satisfaction. The certainty of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the current GRADE guidelines. RESULTS: Of 115 potentially relevant articles, 112 were excluded, as they did not exclusively involve children, intervention involved additional treatment such as microabrasion or restorative work, or case studies. Patient satisfaction was not assessed in the three articles so no analysis could be made with regards to this outcome. The GRADE assessment showed that all of the three articles demonstrated very low certainty of evidence for the other assessed outcomes. The overall findings from the studies suggest that a 10% carbamide peroxide overnight tray system is effective at bleaching vital permanent teeth in children and associated tooth sensitivity and oral irritation are found to be in a similar range compared to those reported in adult studies. However, due to the very low certainty of the evidence, it is not possible to draw these conclusions. CONCLUSION: Better quality randomised controlled trials are needed to investigate the indication, short and long term effectiveness and side effects of carbamide teeth in vital permanent teeth in children

Explainable and Lightweight Model for COVID-19 Detection Using Chest Radiology Images

Deep learning (DL) analysis of Chest X-ray (CXR) and Computed tomography (CT) images has garnered a lot of attention in recent times due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are well suited for the image analysis tasks when trained on humongous amounts of data. Applications developed for medical image analysis require high sensitivity and precision compared to any other fields. Most of the tools proposed for detection of COVID-19 claims to have high sensitivity and recalls but have failed to generalize and perform when tested on unseen datasets. This encouraged us to develop a CNN model, analyze and understand the performance of it by visualizing the predictions of the model using class activation maps generated using (Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping) Grad-CAM technique. This study provides a detailed discussion of the success and failure of the proposed model at an image level. Performance of the model is compared with state-of-the-art DL models and shown to be comparable. The data and code used are available at https://github.com/aleesuss/c19