Rise in the frequency of cloud cover in LANDSAT data for the period 1973 to 1981

Percentages of cloud cover in LANDSAT imagery were used to calculate the cloud cover monthly average statistic for each LANDSAT scene in Brazil, during the period of 1973 to 1981. The average monthly cloud cover and the monthly minimum cloud cover were also calculated for the regions of north, northeast, central west, southeast and south, separately

Estimation of the sugar cane cultivated area from LANDSAT images using the two phase sampling method

A two phase sampling method and the optimal sampling segment dimensions for the estimation of sugar cane cultivated area were developed. This technique employs visual interpretations of LANDSAT images and panchromatic aerial photographs considered as the ground truth. The estimates, as a mean value of 100 simulated samples, represent 99.3% of the true value with a CV of approximately 1%; the relative efficiency of the two phase design was 157% when compared with a one phase aerial photographs sample

LANDSAT and radar mapping of intrusive rocks in SE-Brazil

The feasibility of intrusive rock mapping was investigated and criteria for regional geological mapping established at the scale of 1:500,00 in polycyclic and polymetamorphic areas using the logic method of photointerpretation of LANDSAT imagery and radar from the RADAMBRASIL project. The spectral behavior of intrusive rocks, was evaluated using the interactive multispectral image analysis system (Image-100). The region of Campos (city) in northern Rio de Janeiro State was selected as the study area and digital imagery processing and pattern recognition techniques were applied. Various maps at the 2:250,000 scale were obtained to evaluate the results of automatic data processing

Sampling system for wheat (Triticum aestivum L) area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data and aerial photographs

A procedure to estimate wheat (Triticum aestivum L) area using sampling technique based on aerial photographs and digital LANDSAT MSS data is developed. Aerial photographs covering 720 square km are visually analyzed. To estimate wheat area, a regression approach is applied using different sample sizes and various sampling units. As the size of sampling unit decreased, the percentage of sampled area required to obtain similar estimation performance also decreased. The lowest percentage of the area sampled for wheat estimation with relatively high precision and accuracy through regression estimation is 13.90% using 10 square km as the sampling unit. Wheat area estimation using only aerial photographs is less precise and accurate than those obtained by regression estimation

Analysis of Perceptions of Milk Consumption and Customer Service in the City of Riobamba, Province of Chimborazo

The customer has become a source of strategic information about the quality of products and services. For this reason, the objective of this research was to analyze the level of service and mental processes of clients in making decisions to consume milk in the province of Chimborazo. Non-probabilistic sampling was used and data were collected from 50 clients and 75 representatives of small- and medium-sized companies in the city of Riobamba which participated in the Production Exhibition, Macají, Riobamba 2019. An electroencephalogram was used to determine whether the purchasing decisions were made at the unconscious level by reading brain waves. Three brands of milk that are sold locally were used. The study revealed that there were representative differences in stimulating people to different perceptions (visual, olfactory, gustatory) that influence the appreciation and purchasing decisions of milk. Similarly, it was found that there are decisions that the consumer makes unconsciously based on memories and past experiences that influence their present behavior at the time of consumption. The study also revealed the need to improve the level of service. Keywords: neuromarketing, perception, strategies, service level. Resumen El cliente se ha convertido en una fuente de información estratégica sobre la calidad del producto y del servicio. Por este motivo, el objetivo del artículo científico fue analizar el nivel de servicio y los procesos mentales del cliente para la toma las decisiones de consumir leche en la provincia de Chimborazo. El estudio se realizó mediante un muestreo no probabilístico con informaciones de 50 clientes y 75 representantes de pequeñas y medianas empresas de la ciudad de Riobamba que participaron en la Exposición de Producción, Macají, Riobamba 2019. Se utilizó el electroencefalograma para determinar si las decisiones de compra se realizan a nivel inconsciente mediante la lectura de ondas cerebrales. Para ello se utilizaron tres marcas de leche que se comercializan en la localidad. El estudio reveló que existen diferencias representativas al estimular a las personas a diferentes percepciones (visual, olfativa, gustativa) que influyen en la apreciación y decisión de compra de la leche. De igual modo, se constató que existen decisiones que realiza el consumidor de manera inconsciente basada en los recuerdos y experiencias del pasado que influyen en su comportamiento presente al momento del consumo. Asimismo, el estudio reveló la necesidad de mejorar el nivel de servicio. Palabras clave: neuromarketing, percepción, estrategias, nivel de servicio

Urban land use of the Sao Paulo metropolitan area by automatic analysis of LANDSAT data

The separability of urban land use classes in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo was studied by means of automatic analysis of MSS/LANDSAT digital data. The data were analyzed using the media K and MAXVER classification algorithms. The land use classes obtained were: CBD/vertical growth area, residential area, mixed area, industrial area, embankment area type 1, embankment area type 2, dense vegetation area and sparse vegetation area. The spectral analysis of representative samples of urban land use classes was done using the "Single Cell" analysis option. The classes CBD/vertical growth area, residential area and embankment area type 2 showed better spectral separability when compared to the other classes

Methodology of remote sensing data interpretation and geological applications

Elements of photointerpretation discussed include the analysis of photographic texture and structure as well as film tonality. The method used is based on conventional techniques developed for interpreting aerial black and white photographs. By defining the properties which characterize the form and individuality of dual images, homologous zones can be identified. Guy's logic method (1966) was adapted and used on functions of resolution, scale, and spectral characteristics of remotely sensed products. Applications of LANDSAT imagery are discussed for regional geological mapping, mineral exploration, hydrogeology, and geotechnical engineering in Brazil

An integrated software system for geometric correction of LANDSAT MSS imagery

A system for geometrically correcting LANDSAT MSS imagery includes all phases of processing, from receiving a raw computer compatible tape (CCT) to the generation of a corrected CCT (or UTM mosaic). The system comprises modules for: (1) control of the processing flow; (2) calculation of satellite ephemeris and attitude parameters, (3) generation of uncorrected files from raw CCT data; (4) creation, management and maintenance of a ground control point library; (5) determination of the image correction equations, using attitude and ephemeris parameters and existing ground control points; (6) generation of corrected LANDSAT file, using the equations determined beforehand; (7) union of LANDSAT scenes to produce and UTM mosaic; and (8) generation of output tape, in super-structure format

Formulación de estrategias de marketing mix a partir del estudio del comportamiento del consumidor de leche en la ciudad de Riobamba/Formulation of marketing mix strategies based on the study of milk consumer behavior in the city of Riobamba

El estudio económico de la conducta del consumidor supone teorías de enfoque positivista y normativo. En este contexto las decisiones de consumo se basan no siempre en un modelo racional, considerando además factores de tipo emocional, experiencias que determinan la decisión de compra. El objetivo de este artículo fue formular estrategias de marketing mix a partir del estudio del comportamiento del consumidor de leche en la ciudad de Riobamba. La metodología utilizada se fundamentó en un estudio cuasi experimental que tomó como base un modelo predeterminado que sirvió para diseñar una encuesta que permitiese identificar y evaluar variables determinantes en la conducta de los consumidores. La investigación permitió determinar las preferencias de marcas de leche, nivel de aceptación del precio, tipo de empaque, medios de comunicación y frecuencia de consumo. Los resultados de la investigación permitieron formular estrategias que contribuyen a incentivar el consumo de leche en la población local. The economic study of consumer behavior supposes theories of positivist and normative approach. In this context, consumer decisions are not always based on a rational model, considering factors of an emotional nature, experiences that determine the purchase decision. The objective of this article was to formulate marketing mix strategies based on the study of milk consumer behavior in the city of Riobamba. The methodology used was based on a quasi-experimental study that took as a basis a predetermined model that served to design a survey that would identify and evaluate determinant variables in the behavior of consumers. The investigation allowed to determine the preferences of milk brands, level of acceptance of the price, type of packaging, means of communication and frequency of consumption. The results of the research allowed to formulate strategies that contribute to encourage the consumption of milk in the local population. Palabras clave: comportamiento del consumidor, neuroeconomía, marketing mix. Keywords: consumer behavior, neuroeconomics, marketing mix