Co-creation mérési lehetőségek

Egy vállalat akkor tud a piacon eredményesen működni, ha képes megújulni, képes az innovációra, így az innováció a siker egyik kulcstényezőjévé vált. Az egyén előtérbe helyezése, az egyedi szükségletek egyre gyakoribb megjelenése készteti arra a vállalatokat, hogy a vevőre, partnerekre egyfajta információ és tudásbázisként tekintenek. Az elmúlt években jelent meg a co-creation filozófia, koncepció, mely a közös értékteremtést helyezi középpontba. A közös értékteremtés (value co-creation) lényege, hogy a vevőt és stakeholdereket bevonjuk az értékteremtési folyamatba, élményt biztosítva ezzel a résztvevőknek, erősítve a vevői és partner kapcsolatokat, és utat engedve az innovációnak. A co-creation folyamat nem más, mint egy vevő központú problémamegoldó folyamat, mely szerves részét képezi a felhasználó által irányított (user-driven) innovációs folyamatnak. Célunk az alapvetően piacorientált innovációs folyamat, és az eredményorientált controlling folyamat közötti szakadék áthidalása, az ellentéteket feloldása az innováció- és co-creation controllinggal

The antioxidant capacity of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries depends on the genotype and harvest time

Berries of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) are characterized by increasing popularity due to their presumable health-effects. The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant capacity and total polyphenolic content in the berries of six Hungarian grown sea buckthorn genotypes and characterize the genetic variability in this trait. The harvest time of sea buckthorn berries affects the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic contents in berries of three popular cultivars of German origin. Berries harvested in October had higher antioxidant capacity compared with those harvested one month later. The extent of the difference was genotype-specific. Our analysis revealed a nearly 3-fold difference between the lowest and highest antioxidant capacities of the 6 tested genotypes with ‘Leikora’ showing the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power and total phenolic content. The TEAC values ranged between 1.76 and 3.13 mmol Trolox/100g fresh weight with Pető 1 and ‘Frugana’ having the highest values. The results presented in this study demonstrated that Hippophae rhamnoides berries possess in vitro antioxidant activity strongly determined by genotype but also influenced by harvest time

Acute 5-HT 2C Receptor Antagonist SB-242084 Treatment Affects EEG Gamma Band Activity Similarly to Chronic Escitalopram

Serotonin 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) are implicated in the pathomechanism and treatment of anxiety and depression. Recently, as a new biomarker of depression, alterations in the gamma power of the electroencephalogram (EEG) have been suggested. Chronic treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant escitalopram has been shown to cause sleep-wake stage-dependent alterations in gamma power. However, despite the antidepressant potency of 5-HT2CR-antagonists, there is no data available regarding the effects of selective 5-HT2CR-antagonists on gamma activity. Therefore, we investigate the acute effect of the 5-HT2CR-antagonist SB-242084 on gamma power in different vigilance stages when given in monotherapy, or in combination with chronic escitalopram treatment. We administered SB-242084 (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or vehicle to EEG-equipped rats after a 21-day-long pretreatment with escitalopram (10 mg/kg/day, via osmotic minipumps) or vehicle. Frontoparietal EEG, electromyogram, and motor activity were recorded during the first 3 h of passive phase, after the administration of SB-242084. Quantitative EEG analysis revealed that acute SB-242084 increased gamma power (30–60 Hz) in light and deep slow-wave sleep, and passive wakefulness. However, in active wakefulness, rapid eye movement sleep, and intermediate stage, no change was observed in gamma power. The profile of the effect of SB-242084 on gamma power was similar to that produced by chronic escitalopram. Moreover, SB-242084 did not alter chronic escitalopram-induced effects on gamma. In conclusion, the similarity in the effect of the 5-HT2CR-antagonist and chronic SSRI on gamma power provides further evidence for the therapeutic potential of 5-HT2CR-antagonists in the treatment of depression and/or anxiety

Additive effect of 5-HT2C and CB1 receptor blockade on the regulation of sleep-wake cycle

BACKGROUND:Previous data show that serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) and cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors have a role in the modulation of sleep-wake cycle. Namely, antagonists on these receptors promoted wakefulness and inhibited rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in rodents. The interaction of these receptors are also present in other physiological functions, such as the regulation of appetite. Blockade of 5-HT2C receptors modulat the effect of CB1 receptor antagonist, presumably in consecutive or interdependent steps. Here we investigate, whether previous blockade of 5-HT2C receptors can affect CB1 receptor functions in the sleep-wake regulation. RESULTS:Wistar rats were equipped with electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) electrodes. Following the recovery and habituation after surgery, animals were injected intraperitoneally (ip.) with SB-242084, a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist (1.0 mg/kg) at light onset (beginning of passive phase) followed by an injection with AM-251, a CB1 receptor antagonist (5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg, ip.) 10 min later. EEG, EMG and motor activity were analyzed for the subsequent 2 h. Both SB-242084 and AM-251 increased the time spent in active wakefulness, while decreased the time spent in non-REMS and REMS stages in the first 2 h of passive phase. In combination, the effect of the agents were additive, furthermore, statistical analysis did not show any interaction between the effects of these drugs in the modulation of vigilance stages. CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that 5-HT2C receptor blockade followed by blockade of CB1 receptors evoked additive effect on the regulation of sleep-wake pattern

The reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger contributes to the pacemaker mechanism in rabbit sinus node cells

Sinus node (SN) pacemaking is based on a coupling between surface membrane ion-channels and intracellular Ca 2+ -handling. The fundamental role of the inward Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX) is firmly established. However, little is known about the reverse mode exchange. A simulation study attributed important role to reverse NCX activity, however experimental evidence is still missing. Whole-cell and perforated patch-clamp experiments were performed on rabbit SN cells supplemented with fluorescent Ca 2+ -tracking. We established 2 and 8 mM pipette NaCl groups to suppress and enable reverse NCX. NCX was assessed by specific block with 1 μM ORM-10962. Mechanistic simulations were performed by Maltsev–Lakatta minimal computational SN model. Active reverse NCX resulted in larger Ca 2+ -transient amplitude with larger SR Ca 2+ -content. Spontaneous action potential (AP) frequency increased with 8 mM NaCl. When reverse NCX was facilitated by 1 μM strophantin the Ca 2+ i and spontaneous rate increased. ORM-10962 applied prior to strophantin prevented Ca 2+ i and AP cycle change. Computational simulations indicated gradually increasing reverse NCX current, Ca 2+ i and heart rate with increasing Na + i . Our results provide further evidence for the role of reverse NCX in SN pacemaking. The reverse NCX activity may provide additional Ca 2+ -influx that could increase SR Ca 2+ -content, which consequently leads to enhanced pacemaking activity

A Nissen-féle fundoplicatio sikeressége és az azt befolyásoló faktorok. Eredmények a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen az indikációk és tünetek függvényében = Effectivity of the Nissen fundoplication and the influencing factors of the success. Results at the Medical Centre of Pécs depending on the indications and symptoms

Absztrakt: Bevezetés: A gastrooesophagealis refluxbetegség a fejlett országokban a leggyakoribb gastrointestinalis betegségek közé tartozik. Terápiájában a konzervatív kezelés mellett dedikált esetekben ma is nagy szerep jut a sebészeti beavatkozásoknak. Célkitűzés: Vizsgálatunk célja a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Sebészeti Klinikáján 2007 és 2014 között Nissen-féle fundoplicatión átesett betegek műtéti és 6 hónapos követéses eredményeinek feldolgozása, irodalmi eredményekkel való összehasonlítása (quality control) és a sikerességet befolyásoló faktorok (elsősorban a pszichiátriai társbetegség dokumentált jelenléte és antidepresszánsszedés) felderítése volt. Módszer: 166 beteg összesen 183 műtéti és posztoperatív adatai kerültek kigyűjtésre a Pécsi Tudományegyetem betegadatbázisából. Statisztikai analízis: Az adatok elemzése leíró statisztikával – relatív gyakoriság – és odds ratióval 95%-os valószínűségi szinttel történt. Eredmények: Vizsgálatunk kimutatta, hogy a primer fundoplicatiók leggyakoribb indikációja a protonpumpagátló (PPI)-refrakteritással társuló hiatus hernia volt (54%). A reoperációk indikációi gyakoriság tekintetében jelentős eltéréseket mutattak az irodalmi adatokhoz képest, azonban a reoperációs ráta centrumunkban (8%) megfelelt a nemzetközi tapasztalatoknak (5–10%). A műtétet követően a betegek 62%-ának volt valamilyen panasza. A puffadás kivételével ezek gyakoribbak voltak a nők körében. Operáció után 93,67% tapasztalt valamilyen szintű javulást a refluxos tüneteiben. Ismételt PPI-kezelésre 37%-nak volt szüksége 6 hónapon belül. Különböző posztoperatív beavatkozásokra az esetek 9%-ában került sor. A női nem és pszichiátriai társbetegség rontotta, az utóbbi esetben az antidepresszánsszedés javította a műtét eredményességét. A reoperációk eredményessége elmaradt a primer operációétól. Következtetések: Megfigyeléseink alapján elmondható, hogy a centrumunkban alkalmazott fundoplicatiók eredményessége megfelel a nemzetközi eredményeknek, a szorongásos-depressziós pszichiátriai társbetegségek okozta rosszabb posztoperatív eredmények (tünetjavulási arány) feltehetően kivédhetők vagy mérsékelhetők megfelelően beállított antidepresszáns kezeléssel, de ebben a kérdésben további tanulmányok szükségesek. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(25): 1013–1023. | Abstract: Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases in developed countries. Besides the conservative modalities, surgery plays an increasing role in the treatment of the disease. Aim: Our aim was to investigate and compare the surgical and 6-month follow-up data of patients to the literature (quality control), who underwent Nissen fundoplication in the Medical Centre of Pécs between 2007 and 2014, and to assess the factors (especially psychiatric comorbidity and antidepressants) influencing the success. Method: In summary, data of 183 fundoplications of 166 patients were collected from the medical database of the University of Pécs. Statistical analysis: For data analysis, descriptive statistical methods (relative frequency) and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were used. Results: The most frequent indication of fundoplications was hiatal hernia combined with the failure of conservative (proton-pump inhibitor, PPI) treatment (54%). Reoperation rate (8%) was similar to literature data (5–10%). 62% of the patients had postoperative complaints, which, except bloating, were more common among women. 93.67% experienced certain grade of improvement of reflux symptoms. Postoperative PPI treatment was necessary in 37% of patients and in 9% postoperative interventions had to be performed. Female gender and psychiatric comorbidity worsened, antidepressant medication improved the success rate. The results of reoperations were inferior compared to primary operations. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the success rate of fundoplications in our centre fits to the literature data and adequate antidepressant medication may improve the worse results of psychiatric patients postoperatively, however, more randomized clinical studies are needed in this issue. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(25): 1013–1023

The reverse mode of the Na+^+/Ca2+^{2+} exchanger contributes to the pacemaker mechanism in rabbit sinus node cells

Sinus node (SN) pacemaking is based on a coupling between surface membrane ion-channels and intracellular Ca$^{2+}$-handling. The fundamental role of the inward Na$^+$/Ca$^{2+}$ exchanger (NCX) is firmly established. However, little is known about the reverse mode exchange. A simulation study attributed important role to reverse NCX activity, however experimental evidence is still missing. Whole-cell and perforated patch-clamp experiments were performed on rabbit SN cells supplemented with fluorescent Ca$^{2+}$-tracking. We established 2 and 8 mM pipette NaCl groups to suppress and enable reverse NCX. NCX was assessed by specific block with 1 μM ORM-10962. Mechanistic simulations were performed by Maltsev–Lakatta minimal computational SN model. Active reverse NCX resulted in larger Ca$^{2+}$-transient amplitude with larger SR Ca$^{2+}$-content. Spontaneous action potential (AP) frequency increased with 8 mM NaCl. When reverse NCX was facilitated by 1 μM strophantin the Ca$^{2+}$$_i$ and spontaneous rate increased. ORM-10962 applied prior to strophantin prevented Ca$^{2+}$$_i$ and AP cycle change. Computational simulations indicated gradually increasing reverse NCX current, Ca$^{2+}$$_i$ and heart rate with increasing Na$^+$$_i$. Our results provide further evidence for the role of reverse NCX in SN pacemaking. The reverse NCX activity may provide additional Ca$^{2+}$-influx that could increase SR Ca$^{2+}$-content, which consequently leads to enhanced pacemaking activity