Chapter Metallic nanowire percolating networks: from main properties to applications

There has been lately a growing interest into flexible, efficient and low-cost transparent electrodes which can be integrated for many applications. This includes several applications related to energy technologies (photovoltaics, lighting, supercapacitor, electrochromism, etc.) or displays (touch screens, transparent heaters, etc.) as well as Internet of Things (IoT) linked with renewable energy and autonomous devices. This associated industrial demand for low-cost and flexible industrial devices is rapidly increasing, creating a need for a new generation of transparent electrodes (TEs). Indium tin oxide has so far dominated the field of TE, but indium’s scarcity and brittleness have prompted a search into alternatives. Metallic nanowire (MNW) networks appear to be one of the most promising emerging TEs. Randomly deposited MNW networks, for instance, can present sheet resistance values below 10 Ω/sq., optical transparency of 90% and high mechanical stability under bending tests. AgNW or CuNW networks are destined to address a large variety of emerging applications. The main properties of MNW networks, their stability and their integration in energy devices are discussed in this contribution

Metallic Nanowire Percolating Network: From Main Properties to Applications

There has been lately a growing interest into flexible, efficient and low-cost transparent electrodes which can be integrated for many applications. This includes several applications related to energy technologies (photovoltaics, lighting, supercapacitor, electrochromism, etc.) or displays (touch screens, transparent heaters, etc.) as well as Internet of Things (IoT) linked with renewable energy and autonomous devices. This associated industrial demand for low-cost and flexible industrial devices is rapidly increasing, creating a need for a new generation of transparent electrodes (TEs). Indium tin oxide has so far dominated the field of TE, but indium’s scarcity and brittleness have prompted a search into alternatives. Metallic nanowire (MNW) networks appear to be one of the most promising emerging TEs. Randomly deposited MNW networks, for instance, can present sheet resistance values below 10 Ω/sq., optical transparency of 90% and high mechanical stability under bending tests. AgNW or CuNW networks are destined to address a large variety of emerging applications. The main properties of MNW networks, their stability and their integration in energy devices are discussed in this contribution

Dielectric Study of Cost‐Effective, Eco‐Friendly PVA‐Glycerol Matrices with AgNW Electrodes for Transparent Flexible Humidity Sensors

Abstract In this work, a deep insight is given into the dielectric properties and the humidity response of flexible polymer matrices, composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol (Gly), using silver nanowire networks as transparent electrodes (AgNW TE). These electrodes, known for their high electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and excellent flexibility, are deposited here by open‐air, scalable spray coating technique. Analysis of the dielectric constant ε′ and loss tangent tanδ according to the density of the AgNWs shows that the latter do not cover the entire surface with PVA and induces an interfacial polarization effect. Wide frequency range of impedance spectroscopy (1 Hz to 1 MHz) on both, PVA‐Gly samples with AgNW TE (4 Ω sq−1) networks electrodes and sputtered silver electrodes (Ag bulk el), reveal no significant change in ε′ and tanδ. Finally, the humidity sensing properties of PVA‐Gly exhibit good response between 20% to 90% humidity range and low hysteresis. This is related to the non‐continuous structure of AgNW TE. At 100 Hz, the PVA‐10 wt% Gly presents high sensitivity of 0.08 nF/% RH with an hysteresis value of about 1.5% at 70% RH. These results indicate that AgNW networks show great potential for integration in transparent and flexible humidity sensors

Time of Failure of Metallic Nanowire Networks under Coupled Electrical and Thermal Stress: Implications for Transparent Electrodes Lifetime

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Efficient and flexible transparent electrodes for green buildings: a brief review

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Low-cost fabrication of flexible transparent electrodes based on Al doped ZnO and silver nanowire nanocomposites: impact of the network density

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Stable Flexible Transparent Electrodes for Localized Heating of Lab‐on‐a‐Chip Devices

International audienceIn situ biological observations require stable, accurate and local temperature control of 19 specimen. Several heating elements are coupled with microfluidic systems, but few of them are 20 transparent to visible light and therefore compatible with microscopic observation. Traditional 21 transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxide, still suffer from high fabrication cost and 22 brittleness, which is not fully compatible to emerging microfluidic devices. Here, we propose 23 a lightweight, low-cost, flexible transparent heater based on percolating silver nanowire 24 networks, protected with a transparent zinc oxide film, for the in situ monitoring of biological 25 experiments. Using the fluorescence of dyes bound to double-stranded DNA to monitor its 26 temperature in situ, we demonstrate that such nanocomposites allow rapid and reproducible 27 heating under low applied voltage. Furthermore, selective heating is achieved in different zones 28 of the same microchannel or for adjacent microchannels of the chip heating at different 29 temperatures, with a single transparent heater and bias

Stability of transparent electrodes based on metallic nanowire networks: analysis of the electrical, thermal and mechanical failure with experimental and modelling approaches

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Efficient, stable and flexible transparent electrodes based on metallic nanowire networks for emerging photovoltaics

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Efficient, stable and flexible transparent electrodes based on metallic nanowire networks for emerging photovoltaics

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