Early Identification of Violent Criminal Gang Members

Gang violence is a major problem in the United States accounting for a large fraction of homicides and other violent crime. In this paper, we study the problem of early identification of violent gang members. Our approach relies on modified centrality measures that take into account additional data of the individuals in the social network of co-arrestees which together with other arrest metadata provide a rich set of features for a classification algorithm. We show our approach obtains high precision and recall (0.89 and 0.78 respectively) in the case where the entire network is known and out-performs current approaches used by law-enforcement to the problem in the case where the network is discovered overtime by virtue of new arrests - mimicking real-world law-enforcement operations. Operational issues are also discussed as we are preparing to leverage this method in an operational environment.Comment: SIGKDD 201

Screening for Learning and Memory Mutations: A New Approach

本文详细描述了一种全自动化的行为检测方案。在自然饲养环境/检测环境(24/7)中,我们测量了小鼠针对两个给食器中获得食物的比例与它们在相应给食器停留时长的比例进行匹配的精确性与准确性。该方案是对传统条件性习得(trials-to-acquisition)行为测验设备的改进,可以检测动物时间间隔能力的精确性与准确性,对定时目标选择的相关概率的效果,以及记忆一天中从不同给食器中获得食物次数的精确性与准确性。该压缩系统避免了在整个实验过程中对小鼠的持握操作,可忽略实验者/技术员的实验操作时间,而且可以递送小鼠置入实验环境后,7～9个实验日中全部3组实验流程产生的大量结果。其中,第一个实验流程为单个24小时周期内完成的时间匹配能力的筛查,它对动物的时间、空间估计能力的记忆机制进行精确检测。因此,该系统允许在有限的实验空间、较短的实验周期内,对大量的实验小鼠进行有可能存在的学习记忆能力缺陷进行大规模筛查。此外,该系统运行所依赖的软件可以在公共开放平台获得。</p

Internet of Things for Sustainable Mining

The sustainable mining Internet of Things deals with the applications of IoT technology to the coupled needs of sustainable recovery of metals and a healthy environment for a thriving planet. In this chapter, the IoT architecture and technology is presented to support development of a digital mining platform emphasizing the exploration of rock–fluid–environment interactions to develop extraction methods with maximum economic benefit, while maintaining and preserving both water quantity and quality, soil, and, ultimately, human health. New perspectives are provided for IoT applications in developing new mineral resources, improved management of tailings, monitoring and mitigating contamination from mining. Moreover, tools to assess the environmental and social impacts of mining including the demands on dwindling freshwater resources. The cutting-edge technologies that could be leveraged to develop the state-of-the-art sustainable mining IoT paradigm are also discussed