beach_seine_BACI

beach_seine_BACI.csv is a comma-separated file containing data from beach seine surveys of juvenile fish populations from two sites on windward side of Oahu, Hawai

Results of general linear mixed models of catch per unit effort (CPUE) for (A) jacks, (B) bonefishes, (C) flagtails, and (D) Pacific threadfin following a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design to measure differences in juvenile fish populations between a protected area (Kailua) and an unprotected area (Waimānalo), before and after a gillnet closure in Hawai‘i (error bars ± 1 SE).

<p>Results of general linear mixed models of catch per unit effort (CPUE) for (A) jacks, (B) bonefishes, (C) flagtails, and (D) Pacific threadfin following a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design to measure differences in juvenile fish populations between a protected area (Kailua) and an unprotected area (Waimānalo), before and after a gillnet closure in Hawai‘i (error bars ± 1 SE).</p

Trend component of decomposed time series of catch per unit effort (CPUE) at two locations, Kailua (blue) and Waimānalo (black), for (A) all species combined, (B) jacks, (C) bonefishes, (D) flagtails, and (E) Pacific threadfin.

<p>Vertical line represents gillnet ban in Kailua in 2007</p

Map of study area showing gillnet prohibited area (hatched area) in Kailua Bay and open area in Waimanalo Bay (A) on the island of O‘ahu in Hawai‘i (B).

<p>Red circles show sampling locations, and depth contours are colored from light (shallow) to dark (deep).</p

Commercial landings of bonefishes from 1900, and 1965–2011 for the island of O‘ahu.

<p>Vertical line represents gillnet ban in Kailua in 2007. Data from 1903 from [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155221#pone.0155221.ref055" target="_blank">55</a>], and otherwise from Hawai‘i Division of Aquatic Resources.</p

Length frequency distribution for (A) jacks, (B) bonefishes, (C) flagtails, and (D) Pacific threadfin between a protected area (Kailua—light grey) and an unprotected area (Waimānalo—dark grey).

<p>Vertical arrows correspond to mean length at each site.</p

Results of general linear mixed models of catch per unit effort (CPUE) for all species combined and for individual species following a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design to measure differences in juvenile fish populations between a protected and an unprotected area, before and after a gillnet closure in Hawai‘i.

<p>Results of general linear mixed models of catch per unit effort (CPUE) for all species combined and for individual species following a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design to measure differences in juvenile fish populations between a protected and an unprotected area, before and after a gillnet closure in Hawai‘i.</p

Accuracy and precision on future ocean biogeochemical projections.

<p>Plots A–D refer to sea-surface parameters; plots E–H to seafloor parameters. These plots illustrate the number of 1 km² cells by their projected change to the year 2100 under the RCP45 (blue lines), RCP85 (red lines), errors in accuracy (green lines), and precision (purple lines). Accuracy was defined as the difference between multimodel average projections and actual data and precision as the standard deviation among the projections of all models. Comparison of these frequency distributions illustrates that errors in accuracy and precision are insufficient to offset projected changes in surface temperature, oxygen, and pH. Note that in those cases, accuracy (green lines) is centered to zero, meaning that for the great majority of cells the multimodel average prediction was identical to actual observations. Errors in precision were often larger, but they are added to both sides of the projections, meaning that they will broaden expected projections but will not reverse them. However, in the case of surface productivity and all parameters at the seafloor, errors in accuracy and precision were larger than the projected change, highlighting the need for caution in those cases. Further details are presented in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001682#pbio.1001682.s004" target="_blank">Table S2</a>; the performance of individual models is shown in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001682#pbio.1001682.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>.</p

Co-occurring ocean biogeochemical changes to the year 2100 under the RCP85.

<p>For these plots, we separated absolute changes shown in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001682#pbio-1001682-g002" target="_blank">Figure 2A–D</a> between those that will be positive (i.e., cooling, basification, oxygenation, and productivity increase; Plots A–E) and negative (i.e., warming, acidification, oxygen depletion, and primary food reduction; Plots F–J). Resulting absolute changes were scaled between 0 and 1 (Plots B–E, G–J), 0 being zero absolute change and 1 being the extreme 97.5% observed value globally. The resulting scaled scores from each variable were added to provide a global composite map of co-occurring positive (Plot A) and negative (Plot F) changes in ocean biogeochemistry. These cumulative change maps ranged from 4 (i.e., the maximum predicted change in all four parameters occurred in that cell) to 0 (i.e., no negative or positive change in any of the four parameters occurred in that cell). The results for the RCP45 at the ocean surface and both RCPs for the seafloor are presented in the Supporting Information section.</p

Exposure of the world's oceans to co-occurring changes in ocean biogeochemistry to the year 2100.

<p>(A–B) are the cumulative percentage of cells globally exposed to the composite score of co-occurring ocean biogeochemistry changes (see <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001682#pbio-1001682-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a> for details). (A) is for negative and (B) for the positive biogeochemistry changes. (C–D) is the discrimination of total ocean cells globally exposed to negative (C) and positive (D) changes in each variable and the composite score.</p