Objetos de Aprendizaje basados en el enfoque de Diseño Universal para favorecer la Atención a la Diversidad

Trabajo de Fin de Máster del Máster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas, curso 2020-2021[ES] Los Objetos de Aprendizaje pueden ser utilizados como apoyo de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje con atención a la diversidad según se estructure su diseño en conformidad con los tipos de interacción con la información, la retroalimentación en el proceso y la evaluación. Para que esto sea posible, es necesario considerar tanto la accesibilidad como el ofrecimiento de diversas opciones didácticas. Este trabajo tiene como finalidad construir un modelo de Objeto de Aprendizaje que responda a las características exigidas para un diseño instruccional desde una perspectiva inclusiva. Para arribar al modelo que responda a este diseño se presenta una investigación conformada por cuatro etapas. La primera consta de una revisión documental con el fin de conocer las características operativas tanto de los Objetos de Aprendizaje como del Diseño Universal y las posibilidades que han experimentado las últimas investigaciones para arribar a recursos más accesibles. En la segunda etapa, con el fin de conocer los puntos generales de mejora, se analizan dos repositorios de Recursos Educativos Abiertos de Uruguay en base al grado de accesibilidad que presentan los recursos puestos a disposición según su respuesta a las pautas del Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje. En la tercera etapa se analiza un Objeto de Aprendizaje particular del repositorio Plan Ceibal del área de Lengua y Literatura en base a los criterios de accesibilidad y los principios del Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje. Seguidamente se realiza una nueva versión del anterior con el fin de proponer un modelo para favorecer la atención a la diversidad. Finalmente se realiza una evaluación del Objeto de Aprendizaje construido como modelo.[EN] The Learning Objects can be used as a support for teaching and learning processes in consideration of diversity according to the design structure in accordance with the types of interaction with information, feedback in the process and the evaluation. To make this possible, it is necessary to consider both the accessibility and the offering of diverse didactic options. This thesis aims to design a model of Learning Object that responds to the required characteristics to an instructional design from an inclusive perspective. To reach the model that responds to this design, this thesis presents a research composed of four phases. The first one consists in a documentary review with the purpose of knowing the operational characteristics of both the Learning Objects and the Universal Design, and the possibilities that the latest research has experienced to come to more accessible resources. In the second phase, with the aim of knowing the general point of improvement, the thesis analyses two repositories of Recursos Educativos Abiertos de Uruguay based on the degree of accessibility that present the resources placed at disposal according to its response to the Learning Universal Design guidelines. In the third phase, a particular Learning Object from the Plan Ceibal repository of the Language and Literature field based on the accessibility criteria and the principles of the Learning Universal Design. Subsequently, a new version from the previous one is made with the aim of proposing a model to promote the attention to diversity. Finally, an evaluation of the Learning Object constructed as a model is made

No Untoward Effect of Long-Term Ketoconazole Administration on Electrocardiographic QT Interval in Patients with Cushing's Disease.

Ketoconazole is listed among drugs that prolong QT interval and may increase the risk of torsade de pointes, a severe ventricular arrhythmia. This compound has recently been approved for treatment of Cushing's syndrome, a severe endocrine disorder. These patients harbour several risk factors for prolonged QT interval, for example hypokalaemia and left ventricular hypertrophy, but no study has evaluated whether administration of ketoconazole affects their QT interval. The aim of this study was to assess the QT interval in patients with Cushing's disease during long-term administration of ketoconazole. Electrocardiograms from 15 patients with Cushing's disease (12 women, 3 men, age: 37.8 ± 2.66 years) on ketoconazole treatment (100 mg-800 mg qd) for 1 month to 12 years were reviewed retrospectively. QT interval was measured and corrected for heart rate (QTc). Measurements before and during ketoconazole treatment were compared and any abnormal QTc value recorded. Concurrent medical therapies were also documented. On average, QTc was superimposable before and during ketoconazole treatment (393.2 ± 7.17 versus 403.3 ± 6.05 msec. in women; 424.3 ± 23.54 versus 398.0 ± 14.93 msec. in men, N.S.). QTc normalized on ketoconazole in one man with prolonged QTc prior to treatment; no abnormal QTc was observed in any other patient during the entire observation period, even during concurrent treatment with other QT-prolonging drugs. In conclusion, long-term ketoconazole administration does not appear to be associated with significant prolongation of QT interval in patients with Cushing's disease. ECG monitoring can follow recommendations drawn for other low-risk QT-prolonging drugs with attention to specific risk factors, for example hypokalaemia and drug interactions

No Untoward Effect of Long‐Term Ketoconazole Administration on Electrocardiographic QT Interval in Patients with Cushing's Disease

Ketoconazole is listed among drugs that prolong QT interval and may increase the risk of torsade de pointes, a severe ventricular arrhythmia. This compound has recently been approved for treatment of Cushing's syndrome, a severe endocrine disorder. These patients harbour several risk factors for prolonged QT interval, for example hypokalaemia and left ventricular hypertrophy, but no study has evaluated whether administration of ketoconazole affects their QT interval. The aim of this study was to assess the QT interval in patients with Cushing's disease during long-term administration of ketoconazole. Electrocardiograms from 15 patients with Cushing's disease (12 women, 3 men, age: 37.8 ± 2.66 years) on ketoconazole treatment (100 mg-800 mg qd) for 1 month to 12 years were reviewed retrospectively. QT interval was measured and corrected for heart rate (QTc). Measurements before and during ketoconazole treatment were compared and any abnormal QTc value recorded. Concurrent medical therapies were also documented. On average, QTc was superimposable before and during ketoconazole treatment (393.2 ± 7.17 versus 403.3 ± 6.05 msec. in women; 424.3 ± 23.54 versus 398.0 ± 14.93 msec. in men, N.S.). QTc normalized on ketoconazole in one man with prolonged QTc prior to treatment; no abnormal QTc was observed in any other patient during the entire observation period, even during concurrent treatment with other QT-prolonging drugs. In conclusion, long-term ketoconazole administration does not appear to be associated with significant prolongation of QT interval in patients with Cushing's disease. ECG monitoring can follow recommendations drawn for other low-risk QT-prolonging drugs with attention to specific risk factors, for example hypokalaemia and drug interactions