Organic atmospheric particulate material

Carbonaceous compounds comprise a substantial fraction of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). Particulate organic material can be emitted directly into the atmosphere or formed in the atmosphere when the oxidation products of certain volatile organic compounds condense. Such products have lower volatilities than their parent molecules as a result of the fact that adding oxygen and/or nitrogen to organic molecules reduces volatility. Formation of secondary organic PM is often described in terms of a fractional mass yield, which relates how much PM is produced when a certain amount of a parent gaseous organic is oxidized. The theory of secondary organic PM formation is outlined, including the role of water, which is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Available experimental studies on secondary organic PM formation and molecular products are summarized

Voucher Privatization in Russia: First results and experiences

The main political problem faced by architects of the Russian VPP was the question of satisfying the interests of all partners taking part in privatization: employees, management, citizens and potential strategic investors. Therefore, a very rigid procedure of shares distribution was introduced in the program. This procedure assumed three rounds: closed subscription round,voucher auctions round and investment tenders round. Length: 47 PagesVoucher, privatization, transition economies

Privatization in the Republic of Kazakhstan

In 1991 the Kazakhstan government has embarked on an ambitious economic reform program, in which privatization would be both the driving force and an important component for the successful transformation of the Kazakh economy. A fast transferal of government-owned assets and services to the private sector was regarded as the key to the success of all these transformation efforts. The paper provides an analyses of the first two phases of privatization process in Kazakhstan.Kazakhstan, Privatization, Transition

Zur Darstellung nonverbalen Verhaltens in deutschen und schwedischen IRC-Chats. Eine Korpusuntersuchung

The starting point of this paper is the assumption that communication in chat channels is a special kind of computer-mediated discourse in a written (typed) form but with several qualities of oral communication. The paper includes a description of a corpus, which was created by a longitudinal measurement of five German and three Swedish chat channels during two weeks (5th – 19th February 2001). The analysis focuses on those sequences of the discourse which are marked by asterisks like in German chats: *zwinker *, *mitdenfüßennachderfernbedienungfisch* and in Swedish chats: *skrattar * [lach-1-3.Pers.Sg.+Pl.], *börja stappla iväg mot lindsie*[anfang-INFINITIV geh-INFINITIV zu lindsie]. These sequences, which I call *phrases, are linguistically as well as functionally interesting; in both languages namely, they have a special morpho-syntactical structure and are used to represent nonverbal communication like body language, facial expressions and situations or/and activities which accompany the chat discourse in real life. The paper discusses the different verbal structures of the *phrases as well as their nonverbal functions. Among other things, I show that the German *Phrases mostly represent phonations, gestures and facial expressions; they mostly imitate the oral discourse. In these *phrases, the Swedish chat users very often describe the circumstances of the situation where the chat discourse takes place like activities, real place and surroundings of the real life situation

Pagan Elements in the Catholicism of Guatemala

It is the purpose of this thesis, then, to demonstrate that the people of Guatemala are not even truly Roman Catholic, much less Christian. We shall likewise present the reason for this fact, namely, that some teachings and many practices of the Roman Catholic Church in Guatemala were taken over directly from the Indian religions. Hence the title of this thesis shall be: Pagan Elements in the Teaching of and the Practices of Roman Catholicism in Guatemala.

Information technology infrastructure stability

The goal of this thesis is to validate the critical importance of IT infrastructure stability and to determine the factors impacting stability and what IT executives are doing to address these factors

A Scriptural Stance Toward Undocumented Hispanics and Selected Methodologies for Reaching them with the Gospel

It is the contention of this dissertation that all the approaches presented above, which shall be discussed in detail, are inadequate. They do not incorporate sufficiently the beliefs, attitudes, motivations, and mindset brought from Spain and imposed on or merged with those of native Americans. In fact, this chapter contends that two or three million Hispanics illegally enter the United States from Latin America each year, in part at least, 1) because the seven-century-long Moorish occupation of Spain changed the Spanish character and society; and2) because the Reformation was crushed in sixteenth-century Spain. Some may call this contention quite preposterous, bigoted, antiquated, anti-ecumenical, or (at best) a non-sequitur. They may point to the rich culture brought to Spain by the Moors and to the humane influences generated by the church in Latin America. They will speak of the thousands of dedicated clergy who indeed enhanced religious and intellectual life in the Western hemisphere and instructed and defended the Indians