ComPtr: Towards Diverse Bi-source Dense Prediction Tasks via A Simple yet General Complementary Transformer

Deep learning (DL) has advanced the field of dense prediction, while gradually dissolving the inherent barriers between different tasks. However, most existing works focus on designing architectures and constructing visual cues only for the specific task, which ignores the potential uniformity introduced by the DL paradigm. In this paper, we attempt to construct a novel \underline{ComP}lementary \underline{tr}ansformer, \textbf{ComPtr}, for diverse bi-source dense prediction tasks. Specifically, unlike existing methods that over-specialize in a single task or a subset of tasks, ComPtr starts from the more general concept of bi-source dense prediction. Based on the basic dependence on information complementarity, we propose consistency enhancement and difference awareness components with which ComPtr can evacuate and collect important visual semantic cues from different image sources for diverse tasks, respectively. ComPtr treats different inputs equally and builds an efficient dense interaction model in the form of sequence-to-sequence on top of the transformer. This task-generic design provides a smooth foundation for constructing the unified model that can simultaneously deal with various bi-source information. In extensive experiments across several representative vision tasks, i.e. remote sensing change detection, RGB-T crowd counting, RGB-D/T salient object detection, and RGB-D semantic segmentation, the proposed method consistently obtains favorable performance. The code will be available at \url{https://github.com/lartpang/ComPtr}

Multi-scale Interactive Network for Salient Object Detection

Deep-learning based salient object detection methods achieve great progress. However, the variable scale and unknown category of salient objects are great challenges all the time. These are closely related to the utilization of multi-level and multi-scale features. In this paper, we propose the aggregate interaction modules to integrate the features from adjacent levels, in which less noise is introduced because of only using small up-/down-sampling rates. To obtain more efficient multi-scale features from the integrated features, the self-interaction modules are embedded in each decoder unit. Besides, the class imbalance issue caused by the scale variation weakens the effect of the binary cross entropy loss and results in the spatial inconsistency of the predictions. Therefore, we exploit the consistency-enhanced loss to highlight the fore-/back-ground difference and preserve the intra-class consistency. Experimental results on five benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method without any post-processing performs favorably against 23 state-of-the-art approaches. The source code will be publicly available at https://github.com/lartpang/MINet.Comment: Accepted by CVPR 202

CAVER: Cross-Modal View-Mixed Transformer for Bi-Modal Salient Object Detection

Most of the existing bi-modal (RGB-D and RGB-T) salient object detection methods utilize the convolution operation and construct complex interweave fusion structures to achieve cross-modal information integration. The inherent local connectivity of the convolution operation constrains the performance of the convolution-based methods to a ceiling. In this work, we rethink these tasks from the perspective of global information alignment and transformation. Specifically, the proposed \underline{c}ross-mod\underline{a}l \underline{v}iew-mixed transform\underline{er} (CAVER) cascades several cross-modal integration units to construct a top-down transformer-based information propagation path. CAVER treats the multi-scale and multi-modal feature integration as a sequence-to-sequence context propagation and update process built on a novel view-mixed attention mechanism. Besides, considering the quadratic complexity w.r.t. the number of input tokens, we design a parameter-free patch-wise token re-embedding strategy to simplify operations. Extensive experimental results on RGB-D and RGB-T SOD datasets demonstrate that such a simple two-stream encoder-decoder framework can surpass recent state-of-the-art methods when it is equipped with the proposed components.Comment: Updated version, more flexible structure, better performanc

ZoomNeXt: A Unified Collaborative Pyramid Network for Camouflaged Object Detection

Recent camouflaged object detection (COD) attempts to segment objects visually blended into their surroundings, which is extremely complex and difficult in real-world scenarios. Apart from the high intrinsic similarity between camouflaged objects and their background, objects are usually diverse in scale, fuzzy in appearance, and even severely occluded. To this end, we propose an effective unified collaborative pyramid network which mimics human behavior when observing vague images and videos, \textit{i.e.}, zooming in and out. Specifically, our approach employs the zooming strategy to learn discriminative mixed-scale semantics by the multi-head scale integration and rich granularity perception units, which are designed to fully explore imperceptible clues between candidate objects and background surroundings. The former's intrinsic multi-head aggregation provides more diverse visual patterns. The latter's routing mechanism can effectively propagate inter-frame difference in spatiotemporal scenarios and adaptively ignore static representations. They provides a solid foundation for realizing a unified architecture for static and dynamic COD. Moreover, considering the uncertainty and ambiguity derived from indistinguishable textures, we construct a simple yet effective regularization, uncertainty awareness loss, to encourage predictions with higher confidence in candidate regions. Our highly task-friendly framework consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods in image and video COD benchmarks. The code will be available at \url{https://github.com/lartpang/ZoomNeXt}.Comment: Extensions to the conference version: arXiv:2203.02688; Fixed some word error

Adaptive Multi-source Predictor for Zero-shot Video Object Segmentation

Static and moving objects often occur in real-life videos. Most video object segmentation methods only focus on extracting and exploiting motion cues to perceive moving objects. Once faced with the frames of static objects, the moving object predictors may predict failed results caused by uncertain motion information, such as low-quality optical flow maps. Besides, different sources such as RGB, depth, optical flow and static saliency can provide useful information about the objects. However, existing approaches only consider either the RGB or RGB and optical flow. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive multi-source predictor for zero-shot video object segmentation (ZVOS). In the static object predictor, the RGB source is converted to depth and static saliency sources, simultaneously. In the moving object predictor, we propose the multi-source fusion structure. First, the spatial importance of each source is highlighted with the help of the interoceptive spatial attention module (ISAM). Second, the motion-enhanced module (MEM) is designed to generate pure foreground motion attention for improving the representation of static and moving features in the decoder. Furthermore, we design a feature purification module (FPM) to filter the inter-source incompatible features. By using the ISAM, MEM and FPM, the multi-source features are effectively fused. In addition, we put forward an adaptive predictor fusion network (APF) to evaluate the quality of the optical flow map and fuse the predictions from the static object predictor and the moving object predictor in order to prevent over-reliance on the failed results caused by low-quality optical flow maps. Experiments show that the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on three challenging ZVOS benchmarks. And, the static object predictor precisely predicts a high-quality depth map and static saliency map at the same time.Comment: Accepted to IJCV 2024. Code is available at: https://github.com/Xiaoqi-Zhao-DLUT/Multi-Source-APS-ZVOS. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2108.0507

Zoom In and Out: A Mixed-scale Triplet Network for Camouflaged Object Detection

The recently proposed camouflaged object detection (COD) attempts to segment objects that are visually blended into their surroundings, which is extremely complex and difficult in real-world scenarios. Apart from high intrinsic similarity between the camouflaged objects and their background, the objects are usually diverse in scale, fuzzy in appearance, and even severely occluded. To deal with these problems, we propose a mixed-scale triplet network, \textbf{ZoomNet}, which mimics the behavior of humans when observing vague images, i.e., zooming in and out. Specifically, our ZoomNet employs the zoom strategy to learn the discriminative mixed-scale semantics by the designed scale integration unit and hierarchical mixed-scale unit, which fully explores imperceptible clues between the candidate objects and background surroundings. Moreover, considering the uncertainty and ambiguity derived from indistinguishable textures, we construct a simple yet effective regularization constraint, uncertainty-aware loss, to promote the model to accurately produce predictions with higher confidence in candidate regions. Without bells and whistles, our proposed highly task-friendly model consistently surpasses the existing 23 state-of-the-art methods on four public datasets. Besides, the superior performance over the recent cutting-edge models on the SOD task also verifies the effectiveness and generality of our model. The code will be available at \url{https://github.com/lartpang/ZoomNet}.Comment: Accepted by CVPR2022. This is the arxiv version that contains the appendix sectio

Geological and geochemical data of 13634 source rock samples from 1286 exploration wells and 116489 porosity data from target layers in the six petroliferous basins of China

Geological and geochemical data of 13634 source rock samples from 1286 exploration wells in six representative petroliferous basins are examined to study their Active Source Rock Depth Limits (ASDL). Active source rocks and the discovered 21.6 billion tons of reserves in six representative basins in China and 52926 oil and gas reservoirs in the 1186 basins over the world are found to be distributed above the ASDL, illustrating the universality of such kind of depth limit