Estimating the Future Function of the Nipsa Reservoir due to Climate Change and Debris Sediment Factors

The constantly growing human needs for water aiming to supply urban areas or for energy production or irrigation purposes enforces the application of practices leading to its saving. The construction of dams has been continuously increasing in recent years, aiming at the collection and storage of water in the formed reservoirs. The greatest challenge that reservoirs face during their lifetime is the sedimentation caused by debris and by the effects of climate change on water harvesting. The paper presents an investigation on the amount, the position and the height of the debris ending up at the Nipsa reservoir. The assessment of the debris volume produced in the drainage basin was conducted by a geographical information system (GIS) based model, named TopRunDF, also used to predict the sedimentation area and the sediment deposition height in the sedimentation cone. The impact of climate change to the reservoir storage capacity is evaluated with the use of a water balance model triggered by the HadCM2, ECHAM4, CSIRO-MK2, CGCM1, CCSR-98 climate change models. The results predict a significant future decrease in the stored water volume of the reservoir, and therefore several recommendations are proposed for the proper future functioning and operation of the reservoir

A Zebrafish In Vivo Phenotypic Assay to Identify 3-Aminothiophene-2-Carboxylic Acid-Based Angiogenesis Inhibitors

Metoobevegelsen har ført til et økt fokus på kulturelle og strukturelle forhold som bidrar til å opprettholde og usynliggjøre seksuell trakassering og diskriminering i arbeidslivet og andre sektorer i samfunnslivet. Artikkelen er en diskusjon av ulike former for urettferdighet som bidrar til å skape en slik kultur, mer presist, epistemisk urettferdighet og implisitt bias. Disse formene for urettferdighet bidrar til å skape strukturer av sosiale posisjoner hvor noen på urettmessig vis får mer makt og flere fordeler enn andre. Jeg argumenterer for at dette ikke handler om individers dårlige moral, men om at vi bevisst og ubevisst vurderer andre mennesker i lys av oppfatninger om gruppeidentiteter, stereotyper og kulturelle narrativer. Dette kan best motvirkes ved at samfunnsinstitusjonene er organisert med formål om å redusere negative effekter av våre kollektive fortolkningsrammer. Fokuset bør ligge på institusjoner, ikke individer. Det er for det første vanskelig å gjøre folk moralsk ansvarlige for fordommer de ikke er klar over at de har. For det andre, et individorientert perspektiv kan ikke anvendes på strukturell urettferdighet som mest handler om den kumulative effekten av enkelthandlinger som i seg selv ikke er urettferdige.The «#MeToo movement» has led to an increased awareness of the kind of structural injustice that makes it hard to identify, and get rid of, sexual harassment and gender discrimination. My paper is not about the #MeToo movement or sexual harassment per se, but about the kinds of injustice embedded in ways of communicating and in how we assess each other’s statements and behavior. The first part of my paper discusses how epistemic injustice and implicit bias are present within our everyday social practices. The aim is to show how these forms of injustice contribute to supporting collective frames of interpretation that need to change in order to realize gender equality. In the second part of the paper, I argue that the best solution to avoid the negative effects of implicit bias, and epistemic injustice, is not to focus on an individual’s moral character, but to make institutions responsible. I discuss two reasons why this should be a case for institutions. First, it is hard to make people morally responsible for biases which they are unaware of. Second, structural injustice is often rooted in individual actions that are not in themselves unjust. The injustice occurs when these small actions aggregate into structural patterns of inequality