La notion de croyance : une approche inscriptionnaliste

On présente ici une interprétation nominaliste des contextes linguistiques indirects comme « A dit que p » et « A croit que p ». L'approche est apparentée à celle de Donald Davidson, mais elle s'en écarte aussi de manière significative. Elle permet de résoudre certaines objections courantes contre l'élimination ontologique des types linguistiques abstraits (celles de George Bealer notamment) ainsi que l'énigme célèbre formulée par Saul Kripke à propos de la notion de croyance.This paper presents a nominalistic interpretation of indirect linguistic contexts such as "A says that p" and "A believes that p". The approach has some similarity with that of Donald Davidson, but it also significatively departs from it. It provides solutions to some standard objections against the ontological elimination of abstract linguistic types (those of George Bealer in particular) as well as to the famous puzzle raised by Saul Kripke about the notion of belief

Guilherme de Ockham e a perplexidade dos platônicos

Guilherme de Ockham e a perplexidade dos platônico

Mental language and predication: Ockham and Abelard

Uma das principais teses de meu livro Le discours intérieur. De Platon à Guillaume d'Ockham era a de que, estritamente falando, a ideia de linguagem mental tinha origem com Guilherme de Ockham, entre o fim da segunda e o início da terceira década do século XIV. Em um artigo recente, no entanto, Peter King defende que "Abelardo foi o autor da primeira teoria plenamente desenvolvida da linguagem mental na Idade Media". Neste artigo gostaria de responder à afirmação de King, e de indicar as diferenças extremamente significantes que há entre as posições de Abelardo e de Ockham sobre a linguagem mental. AbstractOne of the main tenets of my book Le discours intérieur. De Platon à Guillaume d'Ockham was that strictly speaking, the idea of mental language originated with William of Ockham in the late 1310s and early 1320s. In a recent paper, however, Peter King claims that "Abelard was the author of the first full-fledged theory of mental language in the Middle Ages". In this paper I would like to reply to King's claim, and to point out the very significant differences that exist between Abelard and Ockham on mental language